HEMSHEELA MODEL SCHOOL

DURGAPUR

TERM-II EXAMINATION-2022

CHEMISTRY MARKING SCHEME

CLASS-XI
Date:28/2/2022

Time: 2 hours MaximumMarks : 35

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SECTION A
1. Arrange the following molecules in the increasing order of their property 2
indicated
a) 2-methyl butane, 2,2-dimethyl propane and pentane (boiling points)

Ans- 2,2-dimethyl propane<2-methyl butane< pentane

b) reactivity towards electrophilic aromatic substitution

Ans- II<III<I
2. Calculate the temperature of 4 moles of a gas occupying 5 dm3 at 3.32 bar 2
(R=0.083 bar dm3 K-1 mol-1).
Answer-
Given,
Amount of gas, n= 4.0 mol
Volume of the gas, V= 5 dm3
Pressure of the gas, p=3.32 bar
R= 0.083 bar dm3K-1mol-1
From the ideal gas equation, we get
 PV= nRT
T=PV/nR
=(3.32x5) / (4 x 0.083)
= 50 K
3. What is the hybridization state of C in diamond and graphite. 2
Answer- Hybridisation state of C in diamond is sp3 and sp2 in graphite.
SECTION B
4. State Le Chatelier’s principle. What will be the effect of increase in the pressure 1+2
on the following reaction?

Answer
Le Chatelier's principle states that if a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by (1.5+1.5)
changing the conditions, the position of equilibrium shifts to counteract the
change to reestablish an equilibrium.
If we increase the pressure, system will try to decrease it, so it will
move in the backward direction.

OR

What happens when

a. Na metal is dropped in water.
b. alkali metal dissolves in liquid ammonia
Answer-
a) When sodium metal is dropped in water, sodium hydroxide is formed and
hydrogen gas is evolved. Thus, the reaction is,
2Na+2H2O→H2+2NaOH.
The reaction is exothermic in nature.
b)Alkali metals dissolve in liquid ammonia to give a blue solution. Alkali metals
in liquid ammonia give solvated species of the type [M(NH3)n]+( M= alkali
metals).
Alkali metals on dissolving in liq. ammonia forms ammoniated metal ion and
ammoniated electron. the blue colour of the solution is due to ammoniated
electrons and conductivity due to both ammoniated metal ion and ammoniated
electron.
M(s)+NH3(l)→[M(NH3)n]+ + [e(NH3)y]--

5. Convert the following: (1.5+1.5)

a. acetylene to benzene
 b. ethylene to acetylene

Answer-
(1.5+1.5)

OR
Explain the following:
a. PbCl2 is more stable than PbCl4
b. Except CCl4 all other tetrachlorides are easily hydrolysed.
Answer-
a) Pb has electronic configuration [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2. Due to poor shielding
of 6s2 electrons by inner d and f electrons, it is difficult to remove 6s2 electrons
(inert pair). Thus, due to inert pair effect, the +2 oxidation state is more stable
than +4 oxidation state. Hence, PbCl4 is less stable than PbCl2.
b) Other tetrachlorides like SiCl4 can be easily hydrolysed by water because the
central atom can accommodate the lone pair of electrons from the oxygen atom
of water molecule in the d-orbital.
On the other hand, carbon does not have vacant d-orbitals and hence cannot
accept electron pair from H2O molecule and therefore CCl4 is not hydrolyzed.

6. The enthalpy change for the reaction of liquid water to steam, ΔHvap is 40.8 3
KJ/mol at 373 K. Calculate entropy change for the process.
Answer-
ΔS vap = ΔH vap /T
= 40.8/373 
= 40.8 x 1000/ 373
=109.38 J K -1 mol -1
7. Derive an expression for the relation between KP and KC 3
Answer-

8. Write the missing reagent: 3

Answer- x= H2/Pd-CaCO3(Lindlar’s Catalyst)

y=Na/ liq NH3
a= HBr
b= HBr/H2O2
9. a) Explain the Bronsted-Lowry theory of Acid and Base. (1+2)
Answer- According to Bronsted-Lowry theory, acid is a substance which
donates an H+ ion or a proton and forms its conjugate base and the base is a
substance which accepts an H+ ion or a proton and forms its conjugate acid.

b) The ionization of hydrochloric acid in water is given below:

 Label two conjugate acid-base pairs in this ionization.
Answer-

10 Explain the following:

. a) The mobilities of alkali metal ions in aqueous solution are (1.5 +1.5)
Li+<Na+<K+<Rb+<Cs+
Answer-
Smaller the size of an ion, the more highly is it hydrated. Since Li+ is the
smallest, it gets heavily hydrated in an aqueous solution.  On the other hand,
Cs+ is the largest and so it is the least hydrated.  Greater the mass of a hydrated
ion, the lower is its ionic mobility. Therefore, hydrated Li+ is the least mobile
and hydrated Cs+ is the most mobile. Thus, the given alkali metal ions can be
arranged in the increasing order of their mobilities as:
Li+ < Na+ < K+ < Rb+ < Cs+

b) Li and Mg show similar chemical properties.

Answer- A diagonal relationship exists between certain pairs of diagonally
adjacent elements in the second and third periods. For example, Li and Mg have
similar chemical properties.
11 a. The concentration of hydrogen ions in a sample of soft drink is 3.8 x 10-3 M. (2+1)
. What is its pH value? (given log 3.8 =0.5798)

Answer- Given: [H+]=3.8×10−3 M 
pH=−log10[3.8×10−3]
pH=2.42
pH value of soft drink is 2.42.

b. How can buffer control the pH of a solution?

Answer- Buffers are solutions that contain a weak acid and its a conjugate base;
as such, they can absorb excess H+ions or OH– ions, thereby maintaining an
overall steady pH in the solution.

SECTION-C
12 Read the passage given below and answers the questions that follow. (4+1)
.
A hydrocarbon A adds one mole of hydrogen in presence of platinum catalyst to
form n-hexane. When A is oxidized vigorously with KMnO4 a single carboxylic
acid (containing 3 carbon atoms) B is produced. When A undergoes ozonolysis
it produces a single aldehyde C.

a. Draw the structure of A,B and C and write the different chemical reactions
involved.
Answer- Since the hydrocarbon A adds one molecule of H2 in presence of Pt to
form n−hexane, therefore, A must be an hexene.
Since A on vigorous oxidations with KMnO4 gives a single carboxylic acid B
containing three carbons atoms, therefore, A must be a symmetrical hexene, i.e.,
hex−3−ene and B is propanoic acid

Thus, the given hydrocarbons  A is hex−3−ene.

B is propanoic acid
C is propanal
b. How unsaturation can be detected in a compound?
Answer-By using Bayer’s reagent (alkaline KMnO4) we can detect unsaturation.
The violet colour of potassium permanganate fades away in presence of double
bond.