Research Methodology and Intellectual Property Rights Indrani Dakua,

1st Sem, M.Tech, and 3rd Sem MCA, ADBU. September-January, 2021

RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES
AND
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
RIGHTS
(ECRM0042)
 Research Methodology and Intellectual Property Rights Indrani Dakua,
1st Sem, M.Tech, and 3rd Sem MCA, ADBU. September-January, 2021
Systematic Review Buildup

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 Research Methodology and Intellectual Property Rights Indrani Dakua,
1st Sem, M.Tech, and 3rd Sem MCA, ADBU. September-January, 2021
Planning the review

1. Identification of the need for a review

2. Development of a review protocol.
3. The most important activity during protocol is to formulate the
research question.

Conducting the review

1. Identification of research
2. Selection of primary studies
3. Study quality assessment
4. Data extraction & monitoring
5. Data synthesis.
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 Research Methodology and Intellectual Property Rights Indrani Dakua,
1st Sem, M.Tech, and 3rd Sem MCA, ADBU. September-January, 2021
Reporting the Review
Structure & planning your writing – Mind Maps (optional)

Mind Maps are visual

maps to link and
organise key concepts of
your research. They also
show links and
relationships between
ideas. Sometimes it is a
good idea to number key
ideas in the order that
you are going to place
them in your literature
review.
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 Research Methodology and Intellectual Property Rights Indrani Dakua,
1st Sem, M.Tech, and 3rd Sem MCA, ADBU. September-January, 2021
A mind map example

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 Research Methodology and Intellectual Property Rights Indrani Dakua,
1st Sem, M.Tech, and 3rd Sem MCA, ADBU. September-January, 2021
Reviewing the Literature
With so much information available, searching and locating good
literature on a topic can be challenging.
Five steps will provide a sense of how researchers proceed in reviewing
the literature:

1. Identify key terms to use in your search for literature.

2. Locate literature about a topic by consulting several types of
materials and databases, including those available at an academic
library and on the Internet.
3. Critically evaluate and select the literature for your review.
4. Organize the literature you have selected by abstracting or taking
notes on the literature and developing a visual diagram of it.
5. Write a literature review that reports summaries of the literature for
inclusion in your research report.
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 Research Methodology and Intellectual Property Rights Indrani Dakua,
1st Sem, M.Tech, and 3rd Sem MCA, ADBU. September-January, 2021
How to select material?
Use three major criteria for selection, and ask yourself some
questions:

1. Relevance

• Does it contribute to the development of the main concepts?

• Does it clarify my position (either by supporting or contrasting)?

• Does it provide key interpretations or models I can apply to my

design?

• Is the material bound to a particular context or culture?

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 Research Methodology and Intellectual Property Rights Indrani Dakua,
1st Sem, M.Tech, and 3rd Sem MCA, ADBU. September-January, 2021
How to select material?
2. Authority
• Is the author qualified to report on the subject?
• Has it been published by a reputable source or can you justify why it is
an important source?
• Has the material been critically evaluated or assessed by other authors
or colleagues; for example, peer reviewed or professionally edited?

3. Currency
• Is the material still influential in the field?
• Are you keeping up to date with new research?

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 Research Methodology and Intellectual Property Rights Indrani Dakua,
1st Sem, M.Tech, and 3rd Sem MCA, ADBU. September-January, 2021
What is a good literature review?
A good literature review provides appropriate coverage (breadth) and
analysis (depth) of existing research. It also draws conclusions about
the merits and limitations of current knowledge, indicating profitable
directions for future research.

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 Research Methodology and Intellectual Property Rights Indrani Dakua,
1st Sem, M.Tech, and 3rd Sem MCA, ADBU. September-January, 2021
What is a good literature review?
1. Coverage
A comprehensive literature review will be the product of a thorough and
up-to-date search of appropriate databases. All relevant research on a
given topic will be acknowledged and discussed. 'Relevance' must be
determined in context.

2. Analysis
A good literature review is one that informs its reader not only of the
research available on and relevant to the topic, but also of its
significance, implications and limitations. That is, you need to prepare a
critical review of the literature. In this context, critical means analytical,
and not negative. Readers will be interested in the merits of particular
study, as well as any limitations.
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 Research Methodology and Intellectual Property Rights Indrani Dakua,
1st Sem, M.Tech, and 3rd Sem MCA, ADBU. September-January, 2021
What is a good literature review?
For this reason, it's useful to identify the most influential studies related
to your topic and explain how they address the significant problems and
issues raised within the relevant fields of research.

In addition to the significant findings and data reported in the literature,

a good review will identify and discuss any important issues raised
across the body of literature as a whole. Issues might relate to:

•Research design
•Experimental methods
•Research funding
•Implications for practice
•Knowledge dissemination
•Professional cultures
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 Research Methodology and Intellectual Property Rights Indrani Dakua,
1st Sem, M.Tech, and 3rd Sem MCA, ADBU. September-January, 2021
What is a good literature review?

3. Interpretation
A good literature review will enable certain conclusions to be drawn. It
may establish, for example:
•Which studies have proved to be most influential in the field
•What approaches were taken or conclusions reached in earlier research,
by whom and when
•Whether earlier studies and conclusions are in agreement or dispute
•The main issues, controversies or challenges surrounding the topic
•The significant gaps in previous research - and new possibilities
In short, a good literature review offers its readers more than they would get
from reading the original sources. In addition to a summary and exposition
of the ideas and arguments, or key findings and data, the reader of a good
literature review will get a purposeful synthesis and analysis of the state of
knowledge
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 Research Methodology and Intellectual Property Rights Indrani Dakua,
1st Sem, M.Tech, and 3rd Sem MCA, ADBU. September-January, 2021
Writing a good literature review

❑Writing the literature review takes time

❑We may need to complete several drafts before the final copy

❑It is important to have a good introduction that clearly tells the reader
what the literature will be about

An introduction must tell the reader the following:

– what is going to be covered in the review

– the scope of the research

– how the review ties in with the topic of research

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 Research Methodology and Intellectual Property Rights Indrani Dakua,
1st Sem, M.Tech, and 3rd Sem MCA, ADBU. September-January, 2021
Writing a good literature review

Introduction: A good example of an introduction is shown. It has: (i). a

topic sentence which indicates what will be covered and also tells the
reader the specific focus of the literature review in the concluding
sentence.

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 Research Methodology and Intellectual Property Rights Indrani Dakua,
1st Sem, M.Tech, and 3rd Sem MCA, ADBU. September-January, 2021
Writing a good literature review
Integrating arguments in paragraphs:
Integration of multiple sources to develop an integrated argument from
multiple sources, we need to link our arguments together. The model
below is a guide.

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 Research Methodology and Intellectual Property Rights Indrani Dakua,
1st Sem, M.Tech, and 3rd Sem MCA, ADBU. September-January, 2021
Writing a good literature review
Paragraphs: A paragraph is a group of connected sentences that develop
a single point, argument or idea. Paragraphs need to link to other
paragraphs so that the themes, arguments or ideas developed are part
of a coherent whole rather than separate bits. In other words, the
review should have a continuity.
A paragraph should include:
– a main statement/idea that you are putting forward, or, topic sentence
– evidence from research to support/argue your idea, showing where
the writers agree and/or disagree
– analysis of the research literature where appropriate
– summing up and linking to the next idea (paragraph)
In the literature review, we need to show evidence of integrating the
readings into each paragraph and analysis of the readings where
necessary.
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 Research Methodology and Intellectual Property Rights Indrani Dakua,
1st Sem, M.Tech, and 3rd Sem MCA, ADBU. September-January, 2021
A mind map example

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