EXPERIMENT No.

RTD Studies in a CSTR

B 11 8TD studies in CSTR using pulse input and step input of tracer and determine
reden1oe time, o and D/ulL.

S. paratus rcguired Quantity . Reagents/Chemicals required

No. No.
Measring cy ider (1000 niL)| INo. NaOH Pellets or HCIl or HS04
Beak (I00 nL) 5 Nos
Bn INo.
4. Mu | I No.
S.Toniuctivity meter | I No.

PROCEDURE
Pulsc Input
Allow steady state flow rate of water into the CSTR. Switch on the stirrer.
Pour 100 mL oe a tracer of known concentration (IN NaOH) into the reactor in one
shot.
Take saraples of exit streams at regular time intervals and measure the conductivity.
Measure the conductivity of solutions of varying normality of NaOH to davr the
calibration curve and use it for finding concentration of tracer at different time
intervals.

Step Inp
Allow steady state flow rate of water into the CSTR. Switch on the stirrer.
Allow some time to attain steady f'ow rate of tracer (from overnead tanic) into the
CSTR iacer conc. NV50 NaON)
Take saauples ef exit streams at differen time jntervals and measure the coilugtivity.
Use tne calibyation eurve (concentration vs. conductivity) to deiermine he
cocentration at various time íntervais.

DB TIONS
aproximateyalues:
0 t fwater for pulse input: 6 LPH, Gi) Flow rate of water for step input: 9 LPH
o wFats oftracer for step inpit: 5 LPH

gainpurtracer «0ndugtivity at various instants

T

Conduetiviy ef sanple, mho

Times

4
2S
PTO
 Table 2: Step input tracer conductivity at variousinstants
Electricai Conductivily oi sample, mhco
S. No. Tine, s

10
20
30
40
S0.....to 250 s

calibration curve
Table 3: Comcentration and Conductivity forConc. of NaOH Conductivity of NaOH
Conc of NaOH solution, N
S. No.
sulation, g/L solution,mho
0.0S N 2.0
1.0
0.025 N 0.5
0.0125 N
4

Precautions
the tracer in as small a tinme as possible.
For the pu,se input we should try to inject
ceii constant using distilled water.
Calibrate the conductivity meter for the
Handie the apparatus carefuliy.
Make sure tkat there is no leakage of trace"
Flow t e of water should be so seleçted that the water imay aot get exhausted in the tank
during the experiment.
should be kept iess than that of watçr.
I n the step tracer experiment, flow ate ofuacer

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