F.Y.B.Sc.

Sem II Practical I

Date:
STUDY OF ENDANGERED AND CRITICALLY ENDANGERED SPECIES

Aim: To study some endangered and critically endangered species.

Requirements: Photographs, Power-point presentations, Video clips, Use of ICT, Cards etc.

Background information: India is gifted with the most diverse animal life. The varied range
of habitats found in India provide a suitable home range for wildlife. We have been destroying
this wonderful natural heritage with our own activities.
Today the position of wild animals is alarming as many species are declining. The
International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) publishes the
Red Data Book which includes a list having nine groups set through criteria such as rate of
decline, population size, area of geographic distribution, and degree of population and
distribution fragmentation.
Following are the categories defined by the IUCN-
 Extinct (EX) No known individuals remaining.
 Extinct in the wild (EW) — Known only to survive in captivity, or as a naturalized
population outside its historic range.
 Critically Endangered (CR)- Extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
 Endangered (EN)- High risk of extinction in the wild.
 Vulnerable (VU)- High risk of endangerment in the wild.
 Near Threatened (NT - Likely to become endangered in the near future.
 Least Concern (LC) - Lowest risk. Does not qualify for a more at-risk category.
Widespread and abundant taxa are included in this category.
 Data Deficient (DD) - Not enough data to make an assessment of its risk of extinction.
 Not Evaluated (NE) Has not yet been evaluated against the criteria.

The term threatened could generally be referred to the Critically Endangered, Endangered and
Vulnerable taxa, thus requiring more attention for conservation. According to IUCN, the Red
list of 2014 has 988 species of plants and animals from India which are threatened. Critically
endangered is the highest risk category assigned by the IUCN.

Department of Zoology C.K.Thakur ACS College, New Panvel

F.Y.B.Sc. Sem II Practical I

In India, to ensure conservation of all-natural ecosystems, the Central and State governments
have come up with legislation and enforced laws which now provide full protection to the
endangered and threatened species.
The Wildlife (protection) Act 1972 gives a list of endangered mammals, birds, reptiles,
amphibians, and insects which are enlisted in schedules I to V while schedule VI includes plant
species. Nature reserves in India belong to three categories National parks, Sanctuaries and
Tiger Reserves. Of the 90 odd National Parks and more than 500 Sanctuaries in India, about
forty-eight have now been covered under the Project Tiger as Tiger Reserves. India's diverse
vegetation types and habitats are protected under the umbrella of these nature reserves.
Common Name:

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Threat:

Indian Pangolin

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Gharial

Department of Zoology C.K.Thakur ACS College, New Panvel

F.Y.B.Sc. Sem II Practical I

Common Name:

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Black Buck

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Sea Turtle

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Threat:

Malabar Civet

Department of Zoology C.K.Thakur ACS College, New Panvel

F.Y.B.Sc. Sem II Practical I

Common Name:

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Threat:

Indian Vulture

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Great Indian Bustard

Department of Zoology C.K.Thakur ACS College, New Panvel

F.Y.B.Sc. Sem II Practical I

Common Name:

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Leopard

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Rusty Spotted cat

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Indian Rhinoceros

Department of Zoology C.K.Thakur ACS College, New Panvel

F.Y.B.Sc. Sem II Practical I

Common Name:

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Red Slender Loris

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Royal Bengal Tiger

Department of Zoology C.K.Thakur ACS College, New Panvel

F.Y.B.Sc. Sem II Practical I

Biodiversity Hotspot
A biodiversity hotspot is biogeography region of the earth which is significant reservoir of
biodiversity. This extremely biological diverse region is under severe threat due to human
activity, habitat loss and climatic change or extreme loss of species. The biodiversity hotspot is
determined by species richness, number of unique species and threat of extinction. 34 sites
worldwide are recognized as Biodiversity Hotspots. Several organizations have made efforts to
protect these sites.

Biodiversity Hotspots of India

Department of Zoology C.K.Thakur ACS College, New Panvel

F.Y.B.Sc. Sem II Practical I

Sr. No. National parks and Sanctuaries Symbol

1. Jim Corbett National Park

2. Sanjay Gandhi National Park

3. Kaziranga Wildlife Sanctuaries

4. Gir National Park

5. Silent Valley National Park

6. Keoladev Ghana national park

7. Bandipur National Park

8. Tadoba National Park

9. Pirotan Island national Park

Department of Zoology C.K.Thakur ACS College, New Panvel

F.Y.B.Sc. Sem II Practical I

Department of Zoology C.K.Thakur ACS College, New Panvel