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2hgo (S) 2Hg (L) + O (G) 2Hg (L) + O (G) 2hgo (S)
2hgo (S) 2Hg (L) + O (G) 2Hg (L) + O (G) 2hgo (S)
A. Reversible Reactions
I. Definition: A chemical reaction in which the products can react to re-form the
reactants
III. Chemical Equilibrium: when the rate of forward reaction equals the rate of its
reverse reaction and the concentrations of its products and reactants remain
unchanged.
II. Right-to-Left Favored Reaction: When the “reverse” reaction is favored over the
forward reaction, thus there will be more reactants than products.
a.
Example: H2CO3(aq) + H2O(l) ↔ H3O+(aq) + HCO3-
III. How can we determine which kind of reaction is happening?
C. The Equilibrium Expression
I. nA + mB ↔ xC + yD
II. As compounds A and B react, they form C and D at a specific rate. Once C and D
are able to react, they form A and B at a specific rate. When both rates become
equal, equilibrium is achieved.
IV. The Equilibrium Constant “K” must be determined experimentally with actual
concentration values.
III. Value of K = ?
Example Problems:
#1. An equilibrium mixture of N2, O2, and NO gases at
1500K is determined to consist of 6.4x10-3mol/L N2,
1.7x10-3mol/L O2, and 1.1x10-5mol/L NO.