Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Division of Cauayan City
Cauayan City National High School- Main
P. Albano St., Turayong, Cauayan City, Isabela

Senior High School Department

Dela Cruz, Katrine V.

Grade 11-STEM B

MAKING A SOIL MONOLITH

And
NARRATIVE REPORT
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Division of Cauayan City
Cauayan City National High School- Main
P. Albano St., Turayong, Cauayan City, Isabela

Senior High School Department

 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Division of Cauayan City
Cauayan City National High School- Main
P. Albano St., Turayong, Cauayan City, Isabela

Senior High School Department

A soil monolith, which is a vertical piece of soil that goes from the topsoil to the bottom, keeps the
colors and stratified horizons of the soil in place. It is used in a lot of different academic situations to
show how soils and their features look. In doing this, I had a lot of experience, like in air drying the soil
samples. On the second day of drying, I forgot to keep it inside when night came. I'm in bed, and I'm
scrolling through my Instagram feed when I suddenly heard the raindrops. I was about to go out, but the
rain suddenly got heavier, so I just stayed inside. The next day, I just made a new one. In digging the soil,
I used a trowel. Suddenly, a piece of dust entered my eye but was removed immediately. I used a ruler
to measure the depth of each horizon, glue to harden the soil granules, stone for pulverizing, and a
strainer for sieving. When I finished doing it, I felt happy since I achieved all of the learning objectives
with that lesson, like recognizing soil horizons, describing soil features and why they vary from soil to
soil, gaining an in-depth understanding of a specific soil type, familiarizing with a soil profile description,
gaining hands-on experience in professional field soils methods, and successfully completing all of the
steps to create a soil monolith for display. According to https://www.soils4teachers.org/soil-horizons, a
soil monolith is like a biography; each profile tells a story about the life of a soil, and each soil horizon
has its own characteristics, and these are the O (humus or organic): Mostly organic matter, such as
decomposing leaves. The O horizon is thin in some soils, thick in others, and not present at all in others.
A (topsoil): Mostly minerals from the parent material, with some organic matter incorporated. A good
material for plants and other organisms to live in. E (eluviated): Leached of clay, minerals, and organic
matter, leaving a concentration of sand and silt particles of quartz or other resistant materials—missing
in some soils but often found in older soils and forest soils. B (subsoil): rich in minerals that leached
(moved down) from the A or E horizons and accumulated here. C (parent material): the deposit at the
Earth's surface from which soil forms. R (bedrock): a mass of rock such as granite, basalt, quartzite,
limestone, or sandstone that forms the parent material for some soils—if the bedrock is close enough to
the surface to weather. This is not soil and is located under the C horizon. In trenches, soil horizons are
important because they show where previous ground surfaces were in the stratigraphic sequence, and
their development may show how long that surface was stable.