3rd SUMMATIVE TEST IN SCIENCE 8 (Q3)

Name: ________________________________________________________ Score: ______________________________

Grade and Section: ____________________________________________ Date: ______________________________

I. IDENTIFICATION:
Identify the following. Choose the correct answer from the box below. Write the letter only.

A. electron B. atom C. proton D. nucleus

E. positive F. charge G. number H. no charge

I. negative J. nucleus K. valence L. electrons

M. a.m.u N. Isotopes

__________1. A negatively charged particle that is outside the nucleus of an atom.

__________2. The smallest particle of an element, and the basic unit of matter.
__________3. A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is in the nucleus of an atom.
__________4. The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of protons in the atom's ________.
_________ 5. When an atom loses an electron, it forms a _______ion.
__________6. Protons are in the nucleus of the atom. A proton has a positive _____________.
__________7. The atomic number of an atom is the __________of protons.
__________8. A subatomic particle that has no charge and that is in the nucleus of an atom.
__________9. Neutrons are in the nucleus of the atom. A neutron has:
__________10. When an atom gains an electron, it forms a ________ion.
__________11. The positively charged dense center of an atom is called the:
__________12. The electrons on the outermost energy level of an atom are called ________ electrons.
__________13. Lewis dot structures are a shorthand way of showing only the valence ________ of an atom.
__________14. The mass of a single atom of an element is expressed in:
__________15. One of two or more types of atoms with the same number of electron but with different number of
neutrons are called _______.

II. MATCHING TYPE:

Match column A with column B. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided.

______1. Discovered electrons using cathode A. Ernest Rutherford

ray tube experiment and developed the s
plum pudding model.

______2. He proposed that all substances B. Democritus

are composed of four elements: air, earth, fire,
and water in different proportions.

______3. His model of the atom is also known C. John Dalton

as Billiard Ball Model.

______4. He proposed that everything is D. Aristotle

composed of a very small bit of matter that is
indivisible and called it atom (from the Greek
word atomos, which means “indivisible”.

______5. Discovered proton and that an atom E. J.J. Thompson

has a massive center core called the nucleus
through his alpha-scattering experiment or gold
foil experiment. He developed the nuclear
atomic model of the atom.

4th SUMMATIVE TEST IN SCIENCE 8 (Q3)

Name: _______________________________________________________________ Score: _____________________________

Grade and Section: ___________________________________________________ Date: ______________________________
I. Multiple Choice:
Read each question carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which of the following statements is not a correct statement about the trends when going from left to right across the periods
of Periodic Table. (NCERT)
a. The elements become less metallic in nature.
b. The number of valence electrons increases.
c. The atoms lose their electrons more easily.
d. The oxides become more acidic.
2. Element X forms a chloride with the formula XCl2, which is solid with a high melting point. X would most likely be in the
same group of the Periodic Table as (NCERT)
a. Na b. Mg c. AI d. Si
3. An atom has an electronic configuration 2, 8, 7. To which of the following elements would it be chemically similar? (Atomic
numbers are given in parentheses.)
a. N(7) b. F(9) c. P(15) d. Ar(18)
4. The Atomic radius of which of the following would be maximum among the four options?
a. Na b. Mg c. Al d. Si
5. The Atomic radius of which of the following would be maximum among the four options?
a. Be b. Mg c. Ca d. Sr
6. Which of the following belongs to the third period?
a. Be b. Mg c. Ca d. Sr
7. Which of the following belongs to the fourth period?
a. F b. Cl c. Br d. I
8. Does carbon belong to which group?
a. 14 b. 15 c. 16 d. 17
9. Does oxygen belong to which group?
a. 14 b. 15 c. 16 d. 17
10. Which of the following belongs to the first group?
a. Hydrogen b. Lithium c. Sodium d. All of the above

II. TRUE OF FALSE:

Write TRUE if the statement is correct and write FALSE if the statement is wrong.

__________ 1. Noble gases could be easily fit into Mendeleev’s Periodic Table.

__________ 2. No more elements can be accommodated in Modern Periodic Table.

__________ 3. Hydrogen shows similarity to alkali metals and to halogens.

__________ 4. Noble gases are very reactive elements.

__________ 5. Halogens are very reactive elements.

__________ 6. Oxides of alkali metals are soluble in water.

__________ 7. Three atoms of alkali metals are required to form oxides of alkali metals.

__________8. One atom of carbon can combine with four atoms of hydrogen.

__________9. Hydrogen makes an ionic bond with non-metals.

__________10. Chlorine makes an ionic bond with metals.

KEY TO CORRECTION: (3rd and 4th SUMMATIVE TEST)

CHAPTER SUMMARY

 The earliest attempt at classifying the elements resulted in grouping the elements into metals and non-metals.
 In 1817, Dobereiner arranged the elements in groups of three. He called such groups triads.
 Newlands could observe that when elements were arranged in increasing order of atomic masses, an element
showed the similar property as the eighth element in the series.
 Newlands’ Law of Octaves was applicable till calcium only. After that, the elements did not obey the law of
octaves.
 Mendeleev’s Periodic Table has elements arranged on the basis of fundamental properties, atomic mass and
similarity in chemical properties.
 Mendeleev’s periodic law says, “Properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic masses.”
  Mendeleev left some gaps in his periodic table. Those gaps were left to accommodate certain elements which
were not known until his time.
 Modern Periodic Law says, “Properties of Elements are a periodic function of their atomic number.”
 There are 18 groups and 7 periods in the Modern Periodic Table.
 The number of valence electrons is same for all elements of a particular group.
 The number of shells in all elements in a period is same.
 Valence electrons increase from 1`to 7 as we move from left to right across a period. But valency first increases
from 1 to 4 and then decreases to 1.
 The Atomic radius of elements decreases as move across a period. When we move down a group, atomic radius
increases.
 Metallic character decreases as we move from left to right across a period. On the other hand, the nonmetallic
character increases as we move from left to right across a period.
 Metallic character increases as we move down the group. On the contrary, non-metallic character decreases as
we move down the group.

SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT: Very Short Answer Type Questions:

1. Name the scientist who made a triad of elements on the basis of atomic mass?
2. Which law was proposed by Newlands?
3. Which scientist was the first to come with a comprehensive periodic table?
4. Among chlorine, bromine and iodine; atomic mass of which element is almost same as the average of atomic
masses of the remaining two?
5. Among lithium, sodium and potassium; atomic mass of which element is almost the same as the average of
atomic masses of the remaining two?
6. As per Newlands’ classification, halogens are kept in the same group as for which elements?
7. Write Newlands’ Law of Octave.
8. While analysing the chemical properties of elements, Mendeleev focused on compounds of which two elements?
9. What is the main benefit of arranging elements according to their atomic numbers?
10. How many groups and periods are there in the Modern Periodic Table?

Fill in the blanks:

1. Dobereiener could include only ………..elements in his table.

2. Newlands’ Law of Octave could be applicable only up to …………….
3. Iron, copper and nickel are placed in group ………….in Mendeleev’s Periodic Table.
4. Eka-silicon is same as …………………..
5. Chlorine makes …………..molecule.
6. At present, a number of known elements is …………………….
7. Elements of group 17 are also known as ……………….
8. Elements of group 18 are known as ………………
9. A number of period shows the number of …………….in an atom of an element.

Write True/False for the following:

1. Noble gases could be easily fit into Mendeleev’s Periodic Table.

2. No more elements can be accommodated in Modern Periodic Table.
3. Hydrogen shows similarity to alkali metals and to halogens.
4. Noble gases are very reactive elements.
5. Halogens are very reactive elements.
6. Oxides of alkali metals are soluble in water.
7. Three atoms of alkali metals are required to form oxides of alkali metals.
8. One atom of carbon can combine with four atoms of hydrogen.
9. Hydrogen makes an ionic bond with non-metals.
10. Chlorine makes an ionic bond with metals.
Short Answer Type Questions:

1. Name two elements which would show similar chemical reactions as magnesium. Give reasons for your answer.
2. Which element has only one shell which is completely filled with electrons?
3. Which element has two shells and both the shells are completely filled with electrons?
4. Electronic configuration of an element is 2, 4. Identify this element and write the formulae for oxide and hydride of
this element.
5. Electronic configuration of an element is 2, 8, 1. Identify this element and write the formulae for oxide and chloride
of this element.

6. What is the trend of valence electrons and valency across a period?

7. What is the trend of atomic radius as we move down a group? Give a reason for your answer.
8. What is the trend of atomic radius as we move across a period? Give a reason for your answer.

Long Answer Type Questions:

1. Discuss the position of hydrogen in Mendeleev’s Periodic Table.

2. Discuss the significance of groups in Modern Periodic Table.
3. Discuss the trends in metallic and non-metallic characters in Modern Periodic Table.

Multiple Choice Questions

 1. Which of the following statements is not a correct statement about the trends when going from left to right across
the periods of Periodic Table. (NCERT)
 a. The elements become less metallic in nature.
 b. The number of valence electrons increases.
 c. The atoms lose their electrons more easily.
 d. The oxides become more acidic.
2. Element X forms a chloride with the formula XCl2, which is solid with a high melting point. X would most likely be in
the same group of the Periodic Table as (NCERT)
 a. Na
 b. Mg
 c. AI
 d. Si
3. An atom has electronic configuration 2, 8, 7. To which of the following elements would it be chemically similar?
(Atomic numbers are given in parentheses.) [NCERT]
 a. N(7)
 b. F(9)
 c. P(15)
 d. Ar(18)
4. The Atomic radius of which of the following would be maximum among the four options?
 a. Na
 b. Mg
 c. Al
 d. Si
5. The Atomic radius of which of the following would be maximum among the four options?
 a. Be
 b. Mg
 c. Ca
 d. Sr
6. Which of the following belongs to the third period?
 a. Be
 b. Mg
 c. Ca
 d. Sr
7. Which of the following belongs to the fourth period?
 a. F
 b. Cl
 c. Br
 d. I
8. Does carbon belong to which group?
 a. 14
 b. 15
 c. 16
 d. 17
9. Does oxygen belong to which group?
 a. 14
 b. 15
 c. 16
 d. 17

10. Which of the following belongs to the first group?

 a. Hydrogen
 b. Lithium
 c. Sodium
 d. All of the above

HOTS Questions

1. Why does one atom of carbon need two atoms of oxygen to make a compound?
2. Sodium is more reactive than magnesium. Why?
3. Chlorine is more reactive than sulphur. Why?

SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT  ANSWER

Very Short Answer Type Questions:

1. Answer: Doebreiner
2. Answer: Newlands Law of Octaves
3. Answer: Mendeleev
4. Answer: Bromine
 5. Answer: Sodium
6. Answer: Hydrogen, cobalt and nickel
7. Answer: When elements are arranged in increasing order of atomic masses, an element shows the similar
property as the eighth element in the series.
8. Answer: Oxygen and hydrogen
9. Answer: When elements are arranged as per atomic number it is easier to predict their properties.
10. Answer: There are 18 groups and 7 periods in the Modern Periodic Table.

Fill in the blanks:

1. Answer: Nine
2. Answer: Calcium
3. Answer: Eight
4. Answer: Germanium
5. Answer: Diatomic
6. Answer: 118
7. Answer: Halogens
8. Answer: Noble elements
9. Answer: shells

Write True/False for the following:

Answer: 1 → T, 2 → F, 3 →T, 4 →F, 5 →T, 6 →T, 7 →F, 8 →T, 9 →F, 10 →T
Short Answer Type Questions:

1. Answer: Beryllium and calcium would show similar chemical reactions as magnesium. To understand this, let us
observe their electronic configuration.

Be(4): 2, 2
Mg(12): 2, 8,2
Ca(20): 2, 8, 8, 2
All these elements have 2 electrons in their outermost shells. So, all of them can donate 2 electrons to form compounds.
Hence, they will show similar chemical reactions.

2. Answer: Helium (2): 2

3. Answer: Ne(10): 2, 8
4. Answer: This element is carbon with atomic number 6. Oxide and hydride of carbon are as follows:

Carbon dioxide: CO2

Methane: CH4

5. Answer: This element is sodium with atomic number 11. Oxide and chloride of sodium are as follows:

Sodium oxide: Na2S

Sodium chloride: NaCl

6. Answer: Valence electrons increase from 1`to 7 as we move from left to right across a period. But valency first
increases from 1 to 4 and then decreases to 1.
7. Answer: When we move down a group, atomic radius increases. This happens because of the addition of a new
shell as we move down the group.
8. Answer: Atomic radius of elements decreases as move across a period. This happens because of increased
charge in the nucleus. Increased charge pulls the electrons towards the nucleus and hence, atomic radius
decreases because of the addition of protons; when we move from left to right across a period.

Long Answer Type Questions:

1. Answer; Position of Hydrogen: Hydrogen shows similarities in properties with alkali metals as well as with
halogens. It can either be placed along with alkali metals or along with halogens. So, the position of hydrogen in
Mendeleev’s Periodic Table is a debatable point.

Hydrogen has a similar electronic configuration as alkali metals; in terms of a number of electrons in the outermost shell.
As a result, it makes similar compounds with halogen, oxygen and sulphur; as alkali metals d

 For example; both hydrogen and sodium combine with one atom of chlorine to make chloride (HCl and NaCl).
 Like sodium; two atoms of hydrogen combine with one atom of oxygen to make oxide (H 2O and Na2O).
 Similarly, they show same formulae for sulphides (H2S and Na2S).

Let us compare hydrogen with halogens. Both hydrogen and halogens exist as diatomic molecules, e.g. H 2 and Cl2. Both
of them combine with nonmetals to form covalent bonds, e.g. methane and carbon tetrachloride.
In the context of above observations, it can be said that hydrogen could not be assigned a correct position in Mendeleev’s
Periodic Table.

2. Answer: Significance of Groups:

 To understand the significance of group, let us take the elements in group 1. Their electronic configuration can be
shown as follows: H(1), Li(2, 1), Na(2, 8, 1), K(2, 8, 8, 1) and so on.
 It can be observed that all these elements have 1 electron in their outermost shell.
 Let us take some elements from group 17 and write their electronic configuration. F (2, 7), Cl (2, 8, 7), Br(2, 8, 18,
7).
 It can be observed that all these elements have 7 electrons in their outermost shell.
 It can be said that the number of valence electrons is same for all elements of a particular group.

3. Answer: It can be said that metallic character decreases as we move from left to right across a period. On the
other hand, the non-metallic character increases as we move from left to right across a period. In the Modern
Periodic Table, metals are on the left side while non-metals are on the right side. They are divided by a zig-zag
line. Boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, tellurium and polonium are borderline cases and are kept in
between. They show some characters of metals and some characters of non-metals. Hence, these are known as
metalloids or semi-metals.

When we move down the group, tendency to lose electrons increases. This happens because bigger atomic radius means
less force of attraction on electrons in the outermost shell. So, metallic character increases as we move down the group.
On the contrary, non-metallic character decreases as we move down the group.
Summative Assesment periodic table
Multiple Choice Questions

1. Answer: (d) The atoms lose their electrons more easily

2. Answer: (b) Mg
3. Answer: (b) F (9)
4. Answer: (a) Na
5. Answer: (d) Sr
6. Answer: (b) Mg
7. Answer: (c) Br
8. Answer: (a) 14
9. Answer: (c) 16
10. Answer: (d) All of the above

HOTS Questions

1. Answer: Carbon has 4 electrons in its outermost shell, while oxygen has 6 electrons in its outermost shell. Carbon
needs four electrons to complete octet, while oxygen needs 2 electrons to complete octet. Carbon shares two
electrons with each of the two atoms of oxygen to make an oxide. Hence, one atom of carbon needs two atoms of
oxygen to make a compound. This can be shown by following Lewis Structure.
2. Answer: Sodium has 1 electron in its outermost shell, while magnesium has 2 electrons in its outermost shell.
Hence, sodium can donate 1 electron to make a compound while magnesium needs to donate 2 electrons to do
so. Losing 1 electron is easier than losing 2 electrons. Hence, sodium is more reactive than magnesium.
3. Answer: Chlorine has 7 electrons in its outermost shell, while sulphur has 6 electrons in its outermost shell.
Chlorine needs to gain 1 electron to complete octet, while sulphur needs to gain 2 electrons to do so. It is easier to
gain 1 electron than to gain 2 electrons. Hence, chlorine is more reactive than sulphur.

KEY TO CORRECTION: (3rd and 4th SUMMATIVE TEST)

THIRD SUMMATIVE TEST (QTR. 3)

I. IDENTIFICATION: II. MATCHING TYPE:
1. A – ELECTRON 1. E
2. B- ATOM 2. D
3. C- PROTON 3. C
4. D- NUCLEUS 4. B
5. E- POSITIVE 5. A
6. F- CHARGE
7. G- PROTONS
8. H- NEUTRON
9. I- NO CHARGE
10. J- NEGATIVE
11. K- NUCLEUS
12. L- VALENCE
13. M- ELECTRONS
14. N- A.M.U
15. ISOTOPES

FOURTH SUMMATIVE TEST (QTR. 3)

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Answer: (d) The atoms lose their electrons more easily

2. Answer: (b) Mg
3. Answer: (b) F (9)
4. Answer: (a) Na
5. Answer: (d) Sr
6. Answer: (b) Mg
7. Answer: (c) Br
8. Answer: (a) 14
9. Answer: (c) 16
10. Answer: (d) All of the above

Write True/False for the following:

Answer: 1 → TRUE 6 →TRUE
2 → FALSE 7 →FALSE
3 →TRUE 8 →TRUE
4 →FALSE 9 →FALSE
5 →TRUE 10 →TRUE