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Cement Industry
Cement Industry
Cement Industry
I. Coverage/Features
The cement sector covers the manufacture of clinker, portland cement, pozzolan cement
and other types of cement. Portland cement is a mixture of around 96% clinker and 4%
gypsum, while pozzolan cement is a mixture of around 77% clinker, 3% gypsum and 20%
pozzolan.
The demand for portland is about 73% while pozzolan is around 27%. Other types of
cement, e.g., hydraulic cement are produced per specification of customer. Pozzolan,
although cheaper than portland and has been in the market since the early eighties, has not
gained significant popularity to be considered as a substitute product for portland. This may
be attributed to the fact that compared to portland, pozzolan has a lower compressive
strength as specified by the Philippine Standard (Table 1):
PNS STANDARD
Type of Cement Strength (Kg./sq. cm.) Curing Time (Days)
Portland (Type I) 281 28
Pozzolan (Type P) 211 28
To date, there are currently 17 cement manufacturing plants operating in the country, 10 of
which are located in Luzon, 3 are in Visayas and 4 are in Mindanao. The Cement
Manufacturers Association of the Philippines (CEMAP), Inc, represents cement producers in
the Philippines. The following are the existing manufacturers of cement in the country:
Figure 1 shows the location of the existing cement plants in the country.
The demand forecast as shown in Table 2 is projected by the average of 12% growth rate of
construction industry per Medium-Term Philippine Development Plan (MTPDP) 2004 – 2010
based on the actual demand (consumption) of 14.5 million MT or 362 million bags of cement
by the end of 2009.
The supply forecast on the other hand, is based on the total kiln capacity of 19.8 million MT
or 495 million bags as of 2009.
Based on the 2010 operating capacities of the cement industry, Lafarge contributes 38% to
the total production of the cement industry followed by Holcim with 25%.
The following graph shows the volume of production of cement from 2001 to 2009.
14,000
12,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Year
Tables 4 and 5 show the exportation and importation of clinker and cement products from
2008 to 2010 based on the data provided by the National Statistics Office (NSO).
In 2010, cement clinker (HS Code 2523.10.90) comprises 45% of the total value of clinker
and cement product export of the country as shown in table 4.
Table 4. Exports of Cement Clinker and Various Types of Cement (2008 to 2010)
Table 5 shows that the volume and value of imported clinker and cement products in 2010
increased by 240% from 2009. Cement clinker comprises 64% of the total value of
importation followed by portland cement with 16%. The remaining 20% includes white
cement, coloured cement, aluminous cement, other hydraulic cement and clinker used in the
manufacture of white cement.
Table 5. Imports of Cement Clinker and Various Types of Cement (2008 to 2010)
A. Raw Materials
The Philippines has an abundant supply of cement raw materials such as limestone,
shale/sandstone, siliceous sand, lime, diorite, calcite, and probably gypsum. The availability
of limestone for cement production, per record of the Mines and Geosciences Bureau
(MGB) is estimated in 1992 at around 4 billion metric tons (Table 6). The expected life is
around 260 years.
Table 6. Limestone Deposits in the Philippines
(For the Cement Industry)
The sites of existing and proposed cement plants are Regions 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11,
and 12. The project must locate in an area where there is available power, and accessibility
to the source of raw materials and port facility. The abundance of raw materials, availability
of skilled manpower and the existence of a growing domestic market make the Philippines a
suitable site to base a cement manufacturing operation.
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