Solution 1

Time Present State Next State Excitation Table

(sec) Rn Bn Gn Rn+1 Bn+1 Gn+1 TRn TBn TGn
0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0
1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1
2 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0
3 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0
4 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0
5 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1
6 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0
7 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0

From the excitation table

TRn = Rn Bn Gn + Rn Bn Gn
TBn = 1
TGn = Rn Bn Gn + Rn Bn Gn = Rn Bn (Gn +Gn) = Rn Bn
Solution 2
The Sum and Carry expression is given by

Sum= A⊕B⊕C
Carry= C(A⊕B)+ AB
The subtraction and borrow expression is given by

Sub= A⊕B⊕C

Borrow= C(A⊕B)+ A B
Solution 3

The required clock has a period of 4 times of the period of the available clock.
Or, the frequency is divided by 4.

So any Mod-4 counter can be used for the purpose.

Using T-flip flop

CLk QG QR QG+ QR+ TG TR

0 0 0 0 1 0 1
1 0 1 1 0 1 1
2 1 0 1 1 0 1
3 1 1 0 0 1 1

TG= QG QR + QG QR = QR and TR = 1
Using D-flip flop
Clock A B A+ B+ DA DB
0 0 0 0 1 0 1
1 0 1 1 0 0 0
2 1 0 1 1 1 1
3 1 1 0 0 0 0

DA = A B + A B = A⊕B

DB = A B + A B = B
The figure shows the plot of synchronous counters using T and D flip flop. The input clock is
plotted in pink color and output clock in brown color.
Using Asynchronous counter ( D flip- flop)

The figure shows the plot of clocks for Asynchronous counter