Art Appreciation: Don Honorio Ventura State University

DON HONORIO VENTURA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
AND PHILOSOPHY
Cabambangan, Villa de Bacolor
2001, Pampanga, Philippines DHVSU Main Campus, Villa de
ISO 9001: 2015
Tel. No. (6345) 458 0021; Fax (6345) QMS-Certified Bacolor, Pampanga
458 0021 Local 211 E-Mail Address: ccsp1861@gmail.com
URL: http://dhvsu.edu.ph
ART APPRECIATION
MODULE
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LESSON 2: THE MAJOR CLASSIFICATIONS OF

ART
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
1. Describe the different classifications of art.

2. Identify the features of each classifications of art and their processes in
creating/performing them.
3. Determine technical terms used in the respective classifications of art.
4. Explain the relevance of each art classification into a person’s way of living.
5. Appreciate the importance of each art classification according to their taste,
preferences, and personal reasons.
Lesson description:
This lesson shall highlight the major classifications of art namely: visual arts, plastic arts,
applied arts, Furthermore, this lesson shall explicate the subtypes of each classification and bring
out their characteristics and forms in actual artistic process. Alongside with that, the values and
importance behind each art classifications will be presented for further appreciation to the part of
the students.
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The Difference between Aesthetic Arts and Crafts
philosophy devoted to the study of art and beauty used during the 18th century
by esthetics is from the Greek word eisthesis which means “perception.” It is a
A branch of
Alexander Baumgarten, a German philosopher. This term also refers to the
principles governing the nature and appreciation of beauty, especially in visual
art (Rader, 1979).
On the other hand, the term “craft” comes from a German word Kraft which
means “power” or “ability.” It usually employed in branches of the decorative arts or
associated artistic practice. It also implies the application of human skills through the
use of a hand. It tends to produce things for various human purposes, and tend to
exhibit their prettiness around a goal external to the object itself (Dutton, 1990).
Arts and Crafts started during the 19th century in Europe as a design reform and as
a social movement motivated by the William Morris. It involves activities related to
making things which require a combination of skill, speed, and patience.
William Morris who was born on March 24, 1834, in

Walthamstow, England was known for his pattern designs,
particularly on fabrics, and wallpapers. As a proponent of socialist
ideals, Morris believed that a designer should have the skill of any
media in producing designs that intricate intertwining fruit, flower,
and foliage pattern. He died on October 3, 1896, at the age of 62
years old in London, England.
Types of Arts and Crafts Figure 1. William Morris (1834-1896)
Artists may have unique skills and perceptive abilities, but they are also people
with needs and the motivation to meet those needs.
Creating different works of art that are accepted by one’s audience can lead to an
artist’s social acceptance and recognition. Their works of art have been used to create
pleasing environments. Arts and crafts have different types, namely: textile wood,
metal, paper or canvass, and plant crafts.
Textile Crafts. The word textile is from a Latin phrase texere which means “to
braid" or "to construct." These also refer to any craft where you work with fabric,
yarn or surface design. It uses plant or any synthetic fibers in creating practical or
decorative objects. These include the following:
1. Cross-stitch- Stitching can also be a form of natural pain relief. It is a popular

form of counted-thread embroidery in which X-shaped stitches in a tiled, raster-
like pattern are used to form a picture.
2. Crocket- It is a process of creating fabric from yarn, thread, or other material
strands using a crochet hook.
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3. Sewing- It is the crafts of fastening or attaching objects using stitches made with
a needle and thread.
4. Shoemaking- It is the process of making footwear.
5. Macramé- It is a form of textile-making which requires very few tools and just
some pure knowledge of basic knotting.
6. Millinery- It is the designing and manufacture of hats.
7. String art- It is an arrangement of colored thread strung between points to form
an abstract geometric design.
Wood Crafts. These refer to a skill that pertains to the woods, especially in making
one's way through the woods or in hunting, trapping, etc. It also relates to subsistence
lifestyles with implications of hunting-gathering (Horace, 1906). These include the
following:
1. Carpentry-It is a skilled trade in the cutting, shaping, and installation of building

materials during the construction of buildings.
2. Marquetry- It is the art and craft of applying pieces of veneer (thin slices of
wood) to a structure to form decorative designs.
3. Wood carving- It is a form of woodworking to form a wooden figure or objects
by using a knife or a chisel.
4. Cabinetry- It is a skill in making a box-shaped piece of furniture with doors and
drawers for keeping various objects.
5. Upholstery- It is the work of building cushion and cover furniture.
Metal Crafts. These refer to the art of executing artistic designs in metal for both
practical and aesthetic purposes. These arts are designed for decorative items or
functional objects that are beneficial and useful to us all. These works are of bronze,
silver, gold, tin, copper, lead, brass, and iron. These include the following:
1. Jewelry- It is a form of personal adornments, such as brooches, rings, necklaces,

earrings, and bracelets.
2. Metal Casting- It is a process by which a liquid material (bronze, copper, glass,
aluminum, and iron) is poured into a mold, which contains a hollow cavity of
the desired shape, and then allowed to solidify.
3. Welded sculpture- It is an art form in which statue is made using welding
techniques.
Paper or Canvas Crafts. It refers to an extremely durable plain-woven fabric used

for making backpacks, tents, marquees, and other sustainable items. These include the
following:
1. Bookbinding- It is the process of physically assembling a book from some folded

or unfolded sheets of paper or other material.
2. Card making- It is a hand-made technique for producing greeting cards.
3. Collage- It is a technique where the artwork is made from an assemblage of
different forms, thus creating a new whole.
4. Origami- It is a Japanese cultural art of paper folding.
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5. Paper-Mache- It is a composite material consisting of paper pieces or pulp,

sometimes reinforced with textiles, bound with an adhesive.
6. Scrapbooking- It refers to a method of arranging, preserving, and presenting
personal and family history in a book form.
7. Rubber Stamping- It is a craft in which some type of ink made of dye or pigment
applied to an image or pattern that carved, molded, laser engraved or vulcanized,
onto a sheet of rubber.
Plants Crafts- These refer to skills using plant parts as the medium. These include
the following:
1. Corn dolly making- It relates to the making of shapes and figures (known as
‘dollies’) from straw (such as barley, oats, and wheat).
2. Floral Design- It is the art of using plant materials and flowers to create a
pleasing and balanced composition.
3. Pressed flower craft- consists of drying flower petals and leaves in a flower press
to flatten and exclude light and moisture.
THE MAJOR CLASSIFICATION

OF ARTS
1. The Visual Arts
What is it?
➢ These arts are those forms that
create works which are primarily
visual (forms perceived by the
eyes). The man can take the
beauty of nature through a piece
of paper so that other people may
take time appreciating the
captured image.
➢ It is an art form that is used for visualization preferably more on paintings,
drawings, and sculptures.
Forms of Visual arts

The visual arts are further subdivided to forms, according to their manner of creation and
medium-usage namely:
A) Painting
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➢ It is the practice of applying

pigment suspended in a carrier
(or medium) and a binding agent
(a glue) to a surface (support)
such as paper, canvas or a wall.
➢ This form of visual art aims to
evoke an emotion from the
viewers. It is practice by
applying colors or other media to
a surface with a brush or other
objects.
➢ Painting is the expression of ideas and emotions, with the creation of certain
aesthetic qualities, in a two-dimensional visual language. The elements of this
language—its shapes, lines, colors, tones, and textures—are used in various ways
to produce sensations of volume, space, movement, and light on a flat surface.
These elements are combined into expressive patterns in order to represent real or
supernatural phenomena, to interpret a narrative theme, or to create wholly
abstract visual relationships. (Owen, 2019)
B) Drawing
➢ Refers to the means of making an image, using any of a wide variety of tools and
techniques.
➢ It generally involves making marks on a surface by applying pressure from a tool,
or moving a tool across a surface using dry media such as graphite pencils, pen
and ink, inked brushes, wax color pencils, crayons, charcoals, pastels, and
markers.
➢ This form of art enhances the way
we see the world around and
conditions us to capture its details
in a two-dimensional medium.
This has been a critical element of
art throughout history and in the
contemporary art world.
➢ Drawing as formal artistic creation
might be defined as the primarily
linear rendition of objects in the
visible world, as well as of
concepts, thoughts, attitudes,
emotions, and fantasies given visual form, of symbols and even of abstract forms.
(Hutter, 2020)
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C) Photography
➢ It is the process of making pictures
by means of the action of light.
➢ The process is done through
mechanical shutters or
electronically timed exposure of
photons into chemical processing or
digitizing devices known as
cameras.
➢ This form of art is a process of
creating portraits by recording
radiation on a radiation-sensitive
medium, such as electronic image sensors or photographic films.
2. The Plastic Arts
What is it?
➢ It refers to a term for art forms that
involve physical manipulation of
a plastic/wood/rock medium by
molding or modeling such as
sculpture or ceramics.
➢ The term has also been applied to
all the visual (non-literary, non-
musical) arts.
Sculpture
➢ This form of plastic arts characterized as the art of representing an imagined or
observed objects in hard materials such as glass, metals, or wood in three
dimensions.
➢ It is three-dimensional artwork created by shaping or combining hard or
plastic material, sound, or text and or light, commonly stone (either rock or
marble), clay, metal, glass, or wood
3) The Applied Arts
What is it?
➢ This category of art encompasses the application of aesthetic designs to everyday
functional objects.
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➢ They are the application of design and decoration to everyday objects to make
them aesthetically pleasing.
Forms of Applied arts

Some of them include:
A) Architecture
➢ It refers to the process and the product of planning, designing, and constructing
buildings or any other structures.
B) Fashion
➢ It is a popular aesthetic expression in a certain time and context, especially in
clothing, footwear, lifestyle, accessories, makeup, hairstyle and body.
Note: These examples are under the classification of applied arts because they are widely
used by people for their everyday lives.
4) Music
What is it?
➢ It is the art of combining and
regulating sounds to produce or
express emotions.
➢ This form of art helps to express our
mood and feel the way through our
emotions and ideas. Based on a study,
different types of music may be
suitable to different moods though
classical music is still recommended as the most calming music option.
5) Dance
What is it?
➢ An ancient way of art that uses the
human body as the medium of
expression.
➢ It involves movements and gestures
to express something.
➢ This form of art is expressed through
body movement which entails social
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interaction, or presented in a spiritual or performance setting.
6) The Performing Arts

What is it?
➢ It refers to forms of art in which
artists use their voices, bodies or
inanimate objects to convey artistic
expression. It may include a range of
disciplines which are performed in
front of a live audience, inducing
theatre, music, and dance.
➢ They include numerous cultural
expressions that reflect human
creativity and that are also found, to
some extent, in many other intangible cultural heritage domains.
Drama
➢ It is the art of portraying or enacting events and experiences of every people.
➢ Drama is a play that is acted out. It is a reflection of the everyday lives of people.
It shows how people seriously or humorously experience some eventful period in
their lives. It combines the arts of the actor, author, director, designer, and others
(Bain et al., 1973).
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DON HONORIO VENTURA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

LESSON 2: THE MAJOR CLASSIFICATIONS OF

At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

1. Describe the different classifications of art.

The Difference between Aesthetic Arts and Crafts

William Morris who was born on March 24, 1834, in

Types of Arts and Crafts Figure 1. William Morris (1834-1896)

1. Cross-stitch- Stitching can also be a form of natural pain relief. It is a popular

1. Carpentry-It is a skilled trade in the cutting, shaping, and installation of building

1. Jewelry- It is a form of personal adornments, such as brooches, rings, necklaces,

Paper or Canvas Crafts. It refers to an extremely durable plain-woven fabric used

1. Bookbinding- It is the process of physically assembling a book from some folded

5. Paper-Mache- It is a composite material consisting of paper pieces or pulp,

THE MAJOR CLASSIFICATION

1. The Visual Arts

Forms of Visual arts

➢ It is the practice of applying

2. The Plastic Arts

3) The Applied Arts

Forms of Applied arts

interaction, or presented in a spiritual or performance setting.

6) The Performing Arts

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