shf{ Aoj:yfkg

-5nkmnsf ljifox?_M
shf{ Aoj:yfkg kl/ro, shf{sf k|sf/, shf{ Aoj:yfkgsf d'n ;d:of Pj+
r'gf}tL, shf{ nufgLsf ;+efjgfsf If]qx?, shf{ Aoj:yfkgnfO{ k|
efjsf/L agfpg] s]xL pkfox?
a}s+df shf{ Aoj:yfkg eGgfn] shf{ nufgLsf] pQd kf]6{kmf]lnof] (Portfolio)
l;h{gf ug'{ xf]] .

shf{ Aoj:yfkgsf] ;Gbe{n] shf{ nufgLk'j{sf] r/0f, shf{ nufgLsf] r/0f tyf
shf{ e'StfgL Pj+ c;'nLsf ;a} kIfx?nfO{ ;Gt'lnt ?kdf ;d]6\5 .

shf{ gLlt leq shf{sf] cfj]bg lng] b]lv lnP/ shf{ vftf aGb ug]{ ;Ddsf ;du|
ljifox? kb{5g\ . shf{ gLlt shf{ Aoj:yfkgs} cGt/;DalGwt kIf ePsf]n]
shf{ Aoj:yfkgsf] Aofkstf shf{ gLltsf] pSt kl/efiffaf6 ;xh} yfxf kfpg ;lsG5 .

t;y{ shf{ Aoj:yfkgnfO{ nufgL Pj+ c;'nL ;Ddsf ;a} gLlt, sfo{gLlt, Aojxf/ cflb
;a} ldl;P/ ag]sf] ;dli6ut k|0ffnLsf] ?kdf a'em\g ;lsG5 .

shf{ Aoj:yfkgsf] ;Gbe{ pNn]v ubf{ shf{ nufgLk'j{sf] r/0f (Pre Investment
Phase), shf{ nufgLsf] r/0f ( Investment Phase)/ shf{ e'StfgL Pj+ c;'nLsf] r/0f
( Repayment & Recovery Phase) u/L d'Vo tLg kIfx?df jf8]/ rrf{ ug{ ;lsG5 .

a}+s tyf ljlQo ;+:yfsf] d'n sfd (Core Function) g} shf{ Aoj:yfkg xf] . To;}n]
shf{ Aoj:yfkg a}+s tyf ljlQo ;+:yfsf] Ifdtf (Competency) hfRg] s;L xf], d'n'ssf]
;fwg >f]tsf] pRrtd pkof]u (Optimal Utilization) xf], cy{tGqsf] ;d[l4 Pj+ b]z
ljsf;sf] sf/s klg xf] .

shf{sf k|sf/
shf{ Aoj:yfkgsf] s'/f ubf{ shf{sf] k|s[ltnfO{ a'em\gkg]{ x'G5 . ;du|df shf{sf]
k|s[ltnfO{ x]bf{ d'nt shf{ b'O{ k|sf/sf x'G5g\ .

s_ sf]ifdf cfwfl/t shf{ (Funded Loan)

v_ u}/ sf]ifdf cfwfl/t shf{ (Non funded Loan)

shf{ Aoj:yfkgsf d'n ;d:of Pj+ r'gf}tLM
shf{ Aoj:yfkgdf shf{ nufgLnfO{ g} d'n ?kdf oxf ljZn]if0f ug{ vf]lhPsf] 5 .
shf{ nufgLdf d'nt shf{ ljZn]if0fsf] e'ldsf lgs} dxTjk'0f{ x'G5 . o;df
shf{ nufgLsf cfwf/x? h:t} u|fxssf] rl/q, Ifdtf, lwtf], k'hL / zt{x?sf] (Character,
Collateral, Capacity, Capital & Conditions) j}1flgs 9+un] ljZn]if0f Pj+ l8hfO{g
ul/g'kb{5 .

d'nt shf{ Aoj:yfkgdfdf xfd|f ;d:of Pj+ r'gf}tLx? o; k|sf/ /x]sf 5g\ .

s_ shf{ gLltnfO{ ;do ;fk]If agfpg g;lsPsf] .

v_ cfj]bg kmf/fdx? j}1flgs 9+un] ;'rgf k|fKt ug]{ lsl;dsf gePsf .

u_ k|f]8S6 k]k/ (Product Paper) cg';f/ ldNbf] h'Nbf] cfj]bg kmf/fd, td;'sx?
gePsf] .

3_ ahf/ dfu cg';f/sf k|f]8S6x? (Products)Nofpg g;lsPsf] .

ª_ lghL If]qsf a}+ssf] t'ngfdf ;d;fdlos k|f]8S6 / ;]jfx? (Product & Services)
sdhf]/

/x]sf] .

r_ shf{ ljZn]if0fsf tf}/ tl/sf cg';+wfgfTds eGbf k|lqmofut kIfdf clws s]lGb|
t /x]sf .

5 _ lg0f{o txx? j}1flgs 9+un] k'g{;+/rgf ug{ gl;sPsf] .

h_ shf{ k|zf]wgdf ;+nUg sd{rf/Lx?df ;d;fdlos 1fg Pj+ pTk|]/0ffsf] sdL

/x]sf] kmn:j?k rflxg] ;'rgf 5'6\g] / grflxg] ;'rgf ;dfj]z ug]{ h:tf cg'Tkfbs
sfddf clNemg] ul/Psf].

em_ u|fxsx?sf] a}+ssf] lg0f{o klqmof k|lt ljZjf; sd /x]sf]n] cfkb

ljkbsf] ;dodf cGo a}+saf6 ;d]t sf/f]jf/ ug{ cnUu} shf{ ;Ldf :jLs[tL ug]
{ kfO{Psf] .

`_ h'g k|of]hgsf nflu shf{ lnPsf] xf] ;f]xL k|of]hgsf nflu shf{sf] pkof]u u/]
gu/]sf] ;Gbe{nfO{ lnP/ cg'udg jf cl86 (Monitoring or Auditing) ug]{ k|0ffnL
sd k|efjsf/L /x]sf] .
6_ shf{ Aoj:yfkgsf] z}nL lbuf] geO{ tTsfn kl/0ffd b]lvg] If]qdf nufgL
clws]lGb|t /x]sf] .

7_ shf{ Aoj:yfkgdf k'/:sf/ b08 k|0ffnL (Reward & Punishment) sdhf]/ /x]sf],
k|ltefjfg / nugzLn sd{rf/Lsf] pTk|]/0ff / dgf]jn cj:yf sdhf]/ /x]sf] cflb .

shf{ nufgLsf ;+efjgfsf If]qx?M

pBf]uwGbfx?sf] ljsf; -s[lif, pBf]u, ko{6g, k|ljlw, hn>f]t, lzIff, :jf:Yo cGo
If]qsf k'jf{wf/ lgdf{0f_

k'jf{wf/x?sf] ljsf; Pj+ Aofkf/, Aoj;fosf cg]s ;+efjgf ePsf] d'n's

ljsf;sf kl/of]hgfx?sf] d'No >[+vnf (Value Chain) df a}+s tyf ljlQo ;+:yf sxf
hf]l8g' kb{5 .

To;}u/L cy{tGqsf] ljljw If]qdf nufgL a9fO{ cfbz{td shf{sf] ;+/rgf (Optimum
Portfolio) sfod ug{kg]{

u|fxssf] cfjZostf cg';f/ k|f]8S6 l8hfO{g (Product Design) u/L p;sf] ljlQo cfj:ostf
(Financing Need) k'/f ug'{ d'Vo sfo{ t xf] g}, o;sf cnfjf To:tf k|f]8S6x? b]zsf]
j:t'l:ylt (Macroeconomic Fundamentals) eGbf jflx/ uP/ agfpg' x'b}g .

Dfflysf] 5nkmn Pj+ cGo ljljw kIfx?nfO{ Wofg lbb} shf{ Aoj:yfkgnfO{ k|
efjsf/L agfpg tk;Lnsf If]qx?df ;'wf/ ug{ l;kmfl/; ul/Psf] 5 .

s_ u|fxssf] cfjZostfnfO{ ;+jf]wg ug]{ u/L shf{ gLltdf ;/ntf / :ki6tf (Clearity)
sfod ug]{M

v_ phf{zLn g]t[Tjsf] kl/rfngM

u_ lgofds lgsfo k|efjsfl/tfM .

3_ a}+sleq Aoj:yfksLo ;Ifdtf sfod ug{

ª_ b]zdf nufgL Pj+ Aoj;flos jftfj/0f sfod ug{ ;j}sf] If]qsf] k|efjsfl/tf .

5_ shf{sf] cg'udg jf n]vfkl/If0f (Monitoring or Audit) nfO{ k|efjsf/L

agfpg]M

h_ hf]lvd Aoj:yfkg (Risk Management ) sf] k|efjsfl/tf a9fpg] .

em_ shf{ Aoj:yfkgdf ;+nUg lgsfo / kbflwsf/Lx?nfO{ plrt :jfoQtf

`_ u|fxs d}qL k|f]8S;x? (Products) lgoldt ?kdf ahf/df Nofpg] .

6_ hgzlStnfO{ ljsf; Pj+ pTk|]l/t (Development & Motivate)ug]{M

7_ shf{ ;ldltnfO{ Team Spirit adf]lhd kl/rfng ug]{ .

8_ shf{ Aoj:yfkgdf cfbz{td kf]6{kmf]lnof] (Optimal Portfolio) agfpg]

lx;fan] sfd ug'{kb{5

To;}u/L

Macro Approach df qm]l86 /]l6+u (Credit Rating) jf j/f]c/ /]l6+u (Borrower Rating)
Ph]G;Lsf :yfkgf Pj+ k|efjsfl/tf clea[l4 ul/g'kb{5 . To;}u/L a}+ls+u tflnd
s]Gb| (Banking Training Institute) dfkm{t Ifdtf ljsf; Pj+ cGo cfjZos a}ls+u
k'jf{wf/ ljsf; ug]{ ljifodf ;/sf/n] lhDd]jf/ k'j{s e'ldsf lgjf{x ul/g'kb{5 .
To;}u/L a}+ls+u cg';Gwfg Pj+ ljsf; (Research & Development) nfO{ cfjZos
cg'bfg lbP/ k|efjsf/L agfpg' kg]{ b]lvG5 .