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Waiting Line Models
Waiting Line Models
Queuing System
A. Constant arrival and service times
a. No Queue, idle time
b. No Queue, no idle time
c. Queue forms, no idle time
B. Poisson distributed arrival and exponentially distributed service times
Assume that the arrival rate is increased to 65 customers per hour and the mean service
rate is increased to 90 customers per hour. Compute the operating characteristics for the
new system. Does this provide better or poorer service compared to the original system?
Discuss any differences and the reason for these differences.
2.Multiple-Channel Waiting Line Model With Poisson Arrivals And Exponential Service
Times
Conditions: mean service rate is the same for each channel and arrivals wait in a
single line and then move to the first open channel.
Operating Characteristics:
= the mean arrival rate
= the mean service rate
k = the number of channels
1. The probability that no units are in the system
1
Po = k-1
(kPo
Lq = (k – 1)!(k)2
3. The average number of units in the system
L = Lq +
4. The average time a unit spends in the waiting line
Wq =
Lq
5. The average time a unit spends in the system
W = Wq + 1
6. The probability that an arriving unit has to wait for service
Pw = 1 k k
k! k
7. The probability of n units in the system
Suppose that the owner wants to evaluate the desirability of opening a second order-
processing station so that two customers can be served simultaneously.
Number of channels 2
Mean arrival rate 1
Mean service rate 1.25
0.80
Probability of no customer in the system 0.4286
Average number of customers in the waiting line 0.152
Average number of customers in the system 1.952
Average time a customer spends in the waiting line 0.152
Average time a customer spends in the system 0.952
Probability that a customer has to wait for service 0.229
where cw = the waiting cost per time period for each unit
L = the average number of units in the system
cs = the service cost per time period for each channel
k = the number of channels
TC = the total cost per time period
Suppose that cs = P40 per hour and cw = P50 per hour.
Single-channel system ( L = 3 customers)
TC = 50(3) + 40(1) = P190
Two-channel system ( L = 0.152 customers)
TC = 50(0.152) + 40(2) = P87.60
Thus, the two-channel system provides the most economical operation.