Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Notes LEA 2.0
Notes LEA 2.0
Patrol officers - are uniformed officers assigned to monitor specific geographical areas, that is to move through
their areas at regular intervals looking out for any signs of problems of any kind.
History of Patrol
Sheriff - is a contraction of the term "shire-reeve" - designated a royal official responsible for keeping the
peace throughout a shire or county on behalf of the king.
Reeve - a senior official with local responsibilities under the crown. ex., chief magistrate of a town
or district.
Shire - traditional term for a division of land in the UK and Australia.
Jury - is a sworn body of people convened to render impartial verdict officially submitted to them by a
court or to set a penalty or judgement.
Thief taker - a private individual hired to capture criminal.
Bow street runners - London's first professional police force.
Henry Fielding - a magistrate educated at Elton college who founded the Bow street runners originally
numbered just six.
Statute of Winchester - in 1285, obliged the authorities of every town to keep a watch at the city gates and
arrest all suspicious night walkers.
Sir Robert Peel - prime minister of England from Dec. 1834 to April 1835 and again From Aug.1841 to
June 1846. While home secretary, help create the modern concept of the police force leading to officers
being known as bobbies in England and peelers in Ireland.
Patrick Colquhoun - (1745 - 1820) - a Scottish merchant and a magistrate who founded the first regular
preventive police force in England, the Thames river police.
8. In the US - the first city police services were established in
Philadelphia in 1751, Boston 1838 and new york 1845.
August Vollmer - first police chief of Berkeley California. He is sometimes called the father of modern
law enforcement in the US.
O.W. Wilson - studied under August Vollmer. Became Chief of Police of the Fullerton police department.
He also became chief of police of the Wichita police department. He introduced the following reforms and
innovations:
Community policing - is the process by which an organized group of citizens devoted a time to crime prevention
within a neighborhood. When suspecting criminal activities, members are encourage to contact the authorities and
not to intervene.
Beat patrol - the deployment of officers in a given community, area or locality to prevent and deter criminal
activity and to provide day to day services to the community.
Sting Operations - organized groups of detectives who deceived criminals into openly committing illegal acts of
conspiring to engage in criminal activity.
Hotspots of Crime - the view that a significant portion of all police calls in cities typically radiate from a
relatively few locations.
Models of Policing
1. Neighborhood Oriented Policing - a philosophy of
police suggesting that problem solving is best done
at the neighborhood level, where issues originate
not at a far-off central headquarters.
2. Pro Active Policing - aggressive law enforcement
style in which patrol officers take the initiative
against crime instead of waiting for criminal acts to
occur.
3. Problem Oriented Policing - a style of police
management that stresses pro active problem
solving instead of reactive crime fighting.
4.Community Oriented Policing - programs designed
to bring the police and the public closer together
and create more cooperative working environment
between them.
5. Reactive Policing - the opposite of Pro Active
policing where the police wait for crime to occur.
Cynicism - the belief that most peoples actions are motivated solely by personal needs and selfishness.
Civilian Review Board - ex. PLEB - organized citizen groups that examine police misconduct.
Fleeing Felon Rule - the oldest standard relating to the use of deadly force.
Deadly Force - police killing of a suspect who resists arrest or presents a danger to an officer or the community.
Booking - the administrative record of an arrest listing the offenders name, address, physical description, date of
birth, time of arrest, offense and name of arresting officer. It also include photographing and fingerprinting of the
offender.
Line Up - placing a suspect in a group for the purpose of being viewed and identified by a witness.
Stop and Frisk - the situation in which police officers who are suspicious of an individual run their hands lightly
over the suspects outer garments to determine if the person is carrying a concealed weapon. Also called Inquiry of
Pat Down.
Foot Patrol - police patrol that takes officer out of cars and puts them in walking beat to strengthen ties with the
community.
Excited Delirium - an overdose of adrenaline that can occur in heated confrontation with the police.
The Phantom Effect - "residual deterrence" most people believe that the police is present even when the are not in
sight.
Sworn Date - the date that a sworn employee took the oath of office for their position.
Definition of Terms
1. Section - a primary subdivision of a bureau with a
department wide responsibility for providing a
specific specialized functions.
2. Unit - a subdivision of a section usually small in
size with personnel assigned to perform a
specialized activity, one or two employees
performing assigned
work.
3. Squad - a subdivision of a unit.
4. Detail - a subdivision of a squad.
5. Precinct -the primary geographic subdivision of
the patrol operation bureau.
6. Sector - the primary geographic subdivision of a
precinct, supervised by a sergeant.
7. Beat - the primary subdivision of a sector.
8. Watch/Shift - one of several tours of duty.
9. Post - a fixed geographic location usually assigned
to an individual officer.
10.Task Force - an adhoc work group normally
established by bureau commander to respond to a
specific incident or series of related incidents. Task
Force assignment is temporary.
11.Chief of Police - overall commander of the
department.
12.Chain of Command - a fundamental component
of proper supervision. The chain of command
requires that each employee reports and is
accountable to only one direct supervisor.
Patrol Organization and Operation Reviewer 1
1. Sir Robert Peel introduced the Metropolitan Police Act and passed
by the parliament of England on
A. 1828
B. 1829
C. 1830
D. 1831
Operational Planning - the use of rational design or patten for all departmental undertakings rather than relying
on chance in an operational environment. The preparation and development of procedures and techniques
in accomplishing each of the primary tasks and functions of an organization.
Police Planning - an attempt by police administrators in trying to allocate anticipated resources to meet
anticipated service demands. The systematic and orderly determination of facts and events as basis for policy
formulation and decision making affecting law enforcement management.
Planning - the determination in advance of how the objectives of the organization will be attained; involves the
determination of a course of action to take in performing a particular function or activity. The process of
developing methods or procedures or an arrangement of parts intended to facilitate the accomplishment of a
definite objective. The process of deciding in advance what is to be done and how it is to be done.
Plan - an organized schedule or sequence by methodical activities intended to attain a goal or objectives for the
accomplishment of mission or assignment. A method or way of doing something in order to attain objectives and
provides answers to the 5Ws and 1H.
Tactics - are specific design, method or a course of action to attain a particular objective in consonance with
strategy.
case operational plan (COPLAN) - a definite target - specific activity conducted in relation to an
intelligence project under which it is affected. Several case operations may fall under one intelligence
project.- refers to a preparatory plan on how to carry out a case operation which is the last resort to pursue
intelligence objectives when normal police operations fail.
command post/holding area - area where case conferences, briefings and debriefings are being conducted
by the responding agencies.
dragnet operation - is a police operation purposely to seal off the probable exit points of fleeing suspect
from the crime scene to prevent their escape.
Guidelines in Planning
1. What - mission/objective
2. Why - reason/philosophy
3. When - date/time
4. where - place
5. How - strategy/methods
Types of Plan
1. Procedural/Policy Plan
2. Operational Plan
3. Tactical Plan
4. Administrative/Management Plan
5. Extra-Departmental Plan
Police Operational Planning Reviewer 1
1. The determination in advance of how the objectives ofthe
organization will be attained.
A. Planning
B. Organizing
C. Directing
D. Controlling
Answer:
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. A
6. B
7. C
8. A
9. B
10. C
Police Operational Planning Reviewer 2
1. A general statement of intention and typically with
a time horizon.
A. Goal
B. Objective
C. Plan
D. Strategy
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. A
5. B
6. C
7. A
8. B
9. C
10. D
Police Operational Planning Reviewer 3
1. Set of procedure to meet varying degree of emergency
while at the same time providing continuing police coverage
of areas not affected by the emergency.
A. General Emergency Plan
B. Specific Emergency Plan
C. Policy
D. Guidelines
1. A
2. B
3. A
4. B
5. C
6. A
7. B
8. C
9. C
10. D
Notes:
Answer:
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. A
6. B
7. C
8. B
9. C
10. A
Notes:
1. Scalar Principle
a. Unity of Command
b. Span of Control
c. Delegation of Authority
d. Chain of Command
2. Five Approaches in Planning
a. Synoptic Planning
- feasibility study
- acceptability study
- cost effective analysis
b. Must and Wants analysis
c. Incremental Planning
d. Trans-active Planning
e. Advocacy Planning
Police Operational Planning Reviewer 5
1. Standard Operating procedures shall be planned to guide
members in routine and field operations and in some
special operations.
A. Policy/Procedural Plan
B. Operational Plan
C. Tactical Plan
D. Extra-Office Plan
Answer:
1. A
2. C
3. B
4. D
5. C
6. A
7. B
8. C
9. D
10. C
Notes:
1. Types of Plans
a. Policy/Procedural Plan
b. Tactical plan
c. Operational Plan
d. Extra-Office Plan
e. Management Plan
3. Five M of management
a. Manpower
b. Machine
c. Money
d. Means/Method
e. Material