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Tuberculosis (TB) : Major Global Health Threat
Tuberculosis (TB) : Major Global Health Threat
Tuberculosis (TB) : Major Global Health Threat
✔Global TB situation
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Lets Flashback…
Which ones are best suitable for TB?
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The picture is not so bleak…
Globally, TB incidence is falling at about 2%
per year
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TB is caused by a bacteria Myobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Also
known as Acid fast bacilli (AFB)
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Fate of TB infection
✔TB travels to lung
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Pulmonary TB (PTB) vs. Extra pulmonary TB (EPTB)
Criteria PTB EPTB
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Sites of
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pulmonary TB
(EPTB)
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✔Persons infected with HIV;
✔Children younger than 5 years of age; RISK FACTORS OF
✔Persons infected with M. tuberculosis in the
past 2 years TB
✔Persons who are receiving immunosuppressive
therapy
✔Persons with diabetes, kidney disease,
pre-existing lung disease
✔Persons who lower than their ideal body weight;
✔Cigarette smokers, drug abusers, alcoholics
✔Medically underserved, low income populations
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SYMPTOMS OF ACTIVE TB
✔Evening rise of temperature
✔Chest pain
✔weakness or fatigue
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DIAGNOSIS
Skin test/Tuberculin skin test (TST)/Mantoux test (MT)
Diagnosis for TB disease/Active TB
● Sputum for bacteria (smear/culture media)
● Chest X ray
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TREATMENT
✔Isoniazid
✔Rifampicin
✔Ethambutol
✔Pyrazinamide
Treatment required for 6-9 months
medication should be taken continuously with out any
interruption
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Prevention
Prevention of LTBI 🡪 Active TB by treating
LTBI
Vaccine
BCG (bacille Calmette-Guérin) is mostly used
vaccine
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That’s all for today … 21