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FLUID MECHANICS 02
v-5000 gal/mint 1mins14,183fps
/4(1n)7.481ga60
PSE MODULE 13.2 (SOLUTION)
1. Water having kinematic viscosity uk =1.3 X i0 m/s lows in a 100mm
diameter pipe at a velocity 4.5 m/s Compute the Reynolds number.
(0.0173)(100 f)(14.183 f/s)* 5.40 ft
A. 346.153.85 C. 432,453.54 232.2/ )an
B. 324,435.14 D. 434,324.85

Sotehon:
D 5.40 m)=37.2 bt/n2
R VD (4.5m/s)(100 mm)(Im/1000 mm)346153.85 Ans D
1.3x10 m/s
6. A cast iron pipe of equilateral triangular cross section with side length of
Ans.A 20 75 has water flowing through it. The flow rate is 6000 gallons per
minute, and the friction factor for the pipe is f = 0.017. What is the
2. What is the hydraulic radius of the semi-circular channel shown? pressure drop in a 100 foot section?
A. 2ft C. 4 ft
B. 2.57 ft D.6.14 f A. 24.31bf /2 C. 178.51bf/f2
Soluken : B. 48.71bf /A D. 5364Ibf/ft2

h P
Aflow
wetted
-2
n)2 2 Solutien

o (6000gal/min)1 f/7.481 gal/1 min =

10.32 ft/s
Ans. A
3/4 (20.75in)(1f/12in60s
3. Calculate the Reynolds number, Re, for water at 20°C owing in an open
channel. The water is flowing at a volumetric rate of 200 ga/sec. The
0.017(100 a)(10.32/s
channel has a height of 4 foct and a width of 8 feet. Al this iemperature DA 2322/(D)
water has a kinematic viscosity of 1.104 x 10 f / sec.
A. 605398.41
C. 158469.8
B. 781975.45
Selukon
D. 817487.6 D 3(20.75 in) = 11.98 in

o.017(100 ft)00.32 n/s) (12 in 2.82 f

Re= D where: V 200
9200 481gal a83s/s 232.2n/1.98 in)I
(4f)(8) thus
Solving for D
PD vh 6241bf/ (2.82 ft) = 17587 1bt/2
Ans, C
7. A cylinder 10feet long and 2 feet in diameter is suspended in air flowing
Re (0.835h/s(8) 605398.41 at 8 fUsec. The density ofair is 0.00234 shug/ft, and the coefficient of
1.104x10 / s drug ofthe sphere is 1.3. What is the drag on the cylinder?
A. 0.311 1bf C. 1.95 Tbf
Ans4 B. 0.39 1bf D. 3.89 Tbf
4. The Reynolds number of a sphere falling in air is x10 fthe sphere s Selution :
radius is 1 ft, what is its velocity ? (Par=0.00234 slug/t Hais3.8x 10
Ibf-sec /1ft)
A 2.5ft/ sec C. 40.6 ft / sec
B. 5.1ft/sec D.81.2 ft/ sec
EBLboAy-uoo02u0nen)easy
b194688 tbf
Solution :
Ans.C
where H D
R HK
8. What is the friction factor for fully developed flow in a circular pipe where
Reynolds nunaber is i1000?
Subst.values: A. 0.008 C. 0.08
B. 0.064 D.0.10
Ix 1 0 -
Salutien
3.8 x10 1bf-sec/ 4 64
0.00234 slug/f1 Re10o0.064

V = 81.2f/s
Ans. B
Ans.D
The velocity of water in the stream is 1.2 m/s. What is the height of the
5. The flow rate of water through a cast iron pipe is 5000 gallons per water in the pitot tube ?
minute
The diameter of the pipe is 1 foot, and the coefficient of friction is f A. 3.7 cm C. 7.3 cnm
0.0173. What is the pressure drop over a 100 foot length of pipe? B. 4.6 cm D. 9.2 cm
A. 21.0781bf /n C. 337.26 Ibf /in
Solutien:
B. 23.781bf /in D. 337.26 Ibf /
h= (1.2m/s)100cm
Soluion 2(9.81ys)*\ Im
h 7.34 cm
Ans. C
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10.Water (p =62.4 Ibm/ft) is owing through a pipe. A pitot-static gage

registers 3.0 inches of mercury. What is the velocity of the water in the
Pipe? Note: density of mercury is 848.6 Ibm/ft".
Eg-PEma-w where: m= pV,

A. 14.8 ft/s
B. 114 fus
C. 8.2 f/s
D. 7.5 ftus
ov) w
Solving forh: i.Z 0s0).(2/20)
2ft
Solulom
Y0.5tt h=y, 0.5ft
V
2gh where:
h,= h Thus:

(848.6 14.8t/s where.o2gy 2(32.2)X2/3)(2)_- rmds

v 2(32.20/s )5im624A12in) ptry
Ans.A
11. What is the equivalent head ofa fluid that has a velocity of 18 m/s?
52.4 bvi.265 0
A. 16.51 m C. 13.56 m Sbf-s bf
B. 18.34 cm D. I141 cm
Y=103.86
Seleion: Ans.A
hy v 18m/S 16.514 m 15. Which of the following statements is correct for oils of high viscosity
2g
2(9.8Im/s) index?
A. Oil will immediately reacts in small temperature change
Ans.A B. It continuously increase its viscosity even if there is no change in

12.
The length of pipe is 168 meters. If the pressure drop is 50 kPa for every temperature
30 m. what is the total pressure drop?
FOSC. slight
It has change
fixed viscosity
in its viscosity with extreme temperature change
A. 240 kPa C. 260 kPa
B. 280 kPa D. 220 kPa
Soletion
Solulion
Correct for high viscosity index oils
PT5030 kPa 280kPa slight change in vis. w/ extreme

Ans.B Ans.D
sootmesakueiu

13. A circular bucket is 2 ft decp and 2 ft in diameter and open at the top. 16. One could expect the possibility of Reynolds number similarity in all of
When not rotating. The bucket is 1/3 full of water. The bucket is rotated the following cases except
about an axis through the center of the bucket. What is the minimum A. Pumps C. fans
rotational specd at which the bucket can be rotated withoul spilling any B. Turbines D. weirs
water out of the bucket?
A.9.26 rad/s C. 145 rad/s luion
B. 2.27 rad/s D. 10.4 rad/s
Similarity on Re cxceptweirs
Selihon Ans.D
2/3h
KER=PE 2 ft 17. The surface tension of water is 0.07 N/m. Find the weight of water
supported by surface tension in a capillary tube with radius of 0.10 mm
where KERlo and PE= mgy
1/3hE B A.44 uN C. 35 uN
B.54 uN D. 57 N
namg 2 ft
Solution
.Pao 9.27 rad/s
mr 0.07 N/m=(1000mm/m)
Ans.A 2(0. 10mm)
F 44.0 uN
14. A circular bucket is 2 ft deep and 2 ft in diameter and open at the top.
When not rotating. The bucket is 1/3 full of water. The bucket is rotated Ans..
about an axis through the center of the bucket. What is the equivalent
specific weight al a point 0.5t from the center of the bucket? 18. Water at 20 °C is flowing in a pipe of radius 1.0 cm. The viscosity of
A. 103.89 lbi/fts C. 107.45 lbf/ft water at 20°C is 1.005 centipoise. If the flow speed at the center is 0.200
B. 103.45 bf/ft3 D. 125.45 1bf/ft3 ms and the fow is laminar, find the pressure drop due to viscosity along
Solulion: a5 m section pipe.
A. 40.2 Pa C. 13.45 Pa
B.12.5 Pa D. 45.77 Pa
Saluetion
4P L V
R2
4 1.005 x 10poise x (Sm)(0.2m/s)
AP poise 40.2Pa
(1.0cm x lm/100 cm)
Ans. A
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19. A 70.874 L/s (1S0 f3/min.) of water is flowing in a round pipe such that 23, A cylinder 10 m long and 2 m in diameter is suspended in air flowing at
the flow remains laminar. Considering that the critical Reynold's number 8 m/sec. The air flow is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the
to be 2000, what is the diameter ofthe pipe necessary to ensure laminar cylinder. The density of air is 1.225 kg/m, and the coefficient of drag of
flow. (Note: kinematic viscosity of water is 4,75 x 10-5 ft/s) the cylinder is 1.3. What is the drag on the cylinder?
A. 33.50 ft C. 12.5 ft A. 0.31 kN C. 1.0kN
B. 41.7 ft D. 37.5 ft B. 0.85 kN D. 2.3kN

Sel.lhon
VD
Selutan
Re tere V
HK

I50/min (D (10m)(2m)8m/s = 1019.2N=101 kN

2000= /D-)(mi60s)n
4.75 x10 s
Ans. C
D=33.51 t
24. Consider the holding tank shown. The tank voBume remains constant.
Ans. A What is most nearly the velocity of the water exiting to the atrmosphere?
20. The pressure drop across a turbine is 30 psi. The flow rate is 60 gallons
per minute. Calculate the power output of the turbine.
A. 0.41 hp C. 2.54 hp
B. 1.05 hpP D. 6.30 hpP
Selulion
I3
W= PV = psi)(60gal/nin 144 in
I 7481 gal A. 3 m/s C. 5 m/s
W 34650-btIbp-min =1.05 hp
B. 4 m/s D.6 m/s

Ans. B
min33 000 Ibf-ft
TFO
V y2gh 29.81)2)m/s = 6.26m/s
21.
Oil (specific gravity=0.8) at 3000 Pa flows at a constant rate of I m/s
through the circular nozzle shown. What is most nearly the net force
exerted by the joint to hold
Ans D
the nozzle in place?
A. 140 KN
B. 240 kNN 25. In the real flow of air (p=1.225 kg/m') around a cylinder, the circulation
C. 190 kN is calculated to be 3.97 m/s. If the free stream velocity is 30 m/s, what is
D0.3m the lift generaied per mietcr length of the cylinder?
D. 270 kN
Sels.tien naze|o.08m A 150 N/m C.170 N/m
B. 160 N/m D. 200 N/m
D-0.06m
Solution
By balanceofforces: F=pv
FaF+mV-V where:F pA F-01.25197mA0m/s) =145.8975 N/m
Solving for V, m 14.15m/s
4(0.3m) Ans. A
Ims =353.68 m/s 26. A 65 mm radius cylinder shown below rotates at 3600 revolutions per
A 4(0.06m) minute. Air is flowing past the cylinder at 30 m/s. How much is the lift
Solving for m:

m=Po-(10kg/mos mA)-800Mg/s
CEB the cylinder per
A.190 N/m
unit length? The density of air
is 1.225 kg/m

Thus: B. 220 N/m

(3000Pa)(0.3m)+800 353.68-14.15 C. 290 N/m

D. 370N/m S rpm
F= 271836.5 N 271.8 KN

Ans D m/s

22. What is the terminal velocity of a 50 mmn diameter solid aluminun sphere
Solution :
falling in air? Assume that the sphere has a coefficient of drag of 0.5, the
density of aluminum is 2650 kg/m', and the density of air is 1.225 kg/
A. 25 m/ sec C. 88m/sec F=Lpvl where T 2r
D. 130 m / sec
B. 53 m/sec
F-(11.225kg/m"\(30 m/s)(2x)(65mm)
Solutien:
2mg
3600 min1000mm
mmin 2
Pa(A)C) F 367.79 N/m

Im Ans. D
m=pV 2650 I000mun
= 01734 kg
27. The low rate of water through a cast iron pipe is 20 m/min. The
2(0.1734ke)9.8Im/ 53.2m/s
diameter of the pipe is 0.3 m, and the coefficient of friction is f = 0.0173.
What is the pressure drop over a 30 m length of pipe?
225 kg/m3\(a10025m) (05) A. 9.8 kPa C. 17 kPa
B B. 13 kPa D. 19kPa
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C. the fluid must be inviscid
where: hf=
fLV D. all of the above
P yhf
2gD
Solving for V: Seletion :

v-9 20m/min (Imin
A 60s
4(0.3m)
thus:
P -9.800173/(30m)(4.716m/s)?
29.81m/2o.3m)
= 4.716m/s Valid for Bernouli All of the above
ns. D
AnS.
31. A jet of velocity Vjet. Cross-sectional area Ajer. and density Pje impinges
on a reversing vane and is turned through an angle of 180°. The vane is
19.24kPa moving with velocity Vvane in the direction of the original jet. What is the
force, Fvame exerted on the vane by the water?

Ans.D (jeTa*)
F
28. What is the hydraulic radius of the channel shown?
Ver-Vwone
A. 0.33 m
B. 0.43m
A. 2p A C. 2p AV.
C.0.49 m
D.1.5m B. pAV D. 2p A. (V.-V.
m

Soletion
Fz mAV
Soluton:
Fz PA(av)

Solving for d:
F 2pA Vievane

Ans
h 2.6m
h-d 32. A pressurized tank contains a fluid with a density of 1300 kg/m. The
By Ratio and Proportion
3 pressure in the air space above the fluid is 700 kPa Fluid exits to the
atmosphere from opening 3
an m below the fluid surface. What is most
So. d=1.732 m nearly the exit velocity. v?
A. 11 m/s C. 31 m/s
m m1732m) 0.43m B. 22 ms D. 52 m/s
2(2m)+Im+ 3m
Salulion
Ans.B V2gb

29. The upper plate is fixed, wbile the lower plate moves in the positive x where b, =2t -Paiatm
direction at 0.5 m/s. The plate separation is 0.001 m, the fluid viscosity Pe)
is 7x 10 Pa.s, and the velocity profile is linear. Calculate the shear stress, So,
Ty in themoving fluid

CEBU V=/2(9.81m/s2 3ml01325Pa +700000Pa

V 31.30m/s
v 0.5 m/s Ans. C

33. What is the head loss of water flowing through a horizontal pipe if the
gage pressure at point is 1.03 kPa, the gage pressure at point 2
A. 0.05 Pa C. 0.25 Pa downstream is 1.00 kPa, and the velocity is constant?
B. 0.15 Pa D.0.35 Pa A. 3.1 x 10m
B. 3.1x10m
Solubon : C. 2.3x10m
D. 2..3 m

Sottion
AP 103-100 kPa
3.06 x10 m
T 3
9.81kN/m
0.001m Ans. A
0.35Pa

Ans. D

30. Under which of the following econditions is Bernoulli"'s cquation valid?

A. all points evaluated must be on the same streamline
B. the fluid must be incompressible
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34. The density of air flowing in a duct is I.15kg/m'. A pitot tube is placed 39. One could expect the possibility of Froude number similarity in all of the
in the duct is measured with a wall tap at A(6x10° Pa)and pressure gage following cases except:
at B(7x103 Pa). Use the gage readings to determine the veocity of the A. motion of a fluid jet
air. B. flow over spillways
A. 42 m/s C.I10 m/s C.surge and flood waves
B. 102 m/s D.150 m/s D subsonic air foils

Salukion: Selution:
Froude o. except > subsonic airfoils
V 2ghT where h,=
pg Ans. D
7000-6000Pa = 41.7 m/s
V 29.81m/s2 40. The fact that a fluid's velocity increases as the cross sectional area of the
(L 15kg/m.sim/") pipe through which it flow decreases is due to :
A. Bermoull's equation
A B. the continuity equation
C. the momentum equation
35. Determine the average velocity through a circular scction in which the D. the perfect gas law

velocity distributionisgiven as V =V1-(t/,)The distribution Solution :

is symmetric with respect to the longitudinal axis, r = 0. r0 is the outer
radius and the vmax is the velocity along the longitudinal axis.
Vt A>continuity
A. V 4 C. V.2
B. Va3 D. V Ans. B
41. When a falling object reaches a speed at which the drag force equals its
weight, it has achieved:
Slidion A. Mach one

Vave VdA TEFO B.

C.
D.
a laminar boundary layer
a turbulent boundary layer
terminal velocity

Seltion :
F=WTerminal velocity
Ans. D
2max( 42. How does the Reynolds number of a 1/15 scale model relate to the
Reynolds number of a dimensionally similar prototype?
Ans. C A. They areboth equal
B. The Reynolds number of the prototype is 15 times lower
36. If a 1/3 horsepower pump runs for 20 minutes, what is the energy used? C. The Reyolds number of the prototype is 15 times lower
A. 0.06 ergs C.0.30 MJU D. The Reynolds number of the model is a function of the velocity ratio.
B. 0.25 kW D.0.11kW xh
Solukon
Relate of Reynolds to model
Soluhan
Both equal
E= P
Ans. A
(0.746kWY 60sec
E 298.4 kJ = 0.3 MJ
Ihp Imin
CE 43. Fluid flows at 5m/s in a Scm diameter pipe section. The section is
connected to a 10 cm diameter section. At most nearly what velocity does
the fluid flow in the 10 cm section?
Ans.C A. 1.00 m/s C.2.50 cms
B. 1.25 m/s D.10.0 cmvs
37. Under what conditions is mass conserved in fluid flow?
A. The fluid is baratropic C. The flow is adiabatic Solution :
B. The flow is isentropic. D. It is always conserved
AA =(B,)% - (D,)%

Solukion
()-(107
mass is conserved > always V =1.25m/s

Ans.D Ans. B
38. One could expect the possibility of Froude number similarity in all of the 44. A venture meter installed horizontally is used to measure to flow of water
followingcases except: in a pipe. The area ratio, A2/44. of the meter is O.50 and the velocity
A. surface ships through the throat of the meter is 3m/s. What is the most nearly the
B. surface wave motion pressure differential across the venture meter?
C. flow over weirs A. 1.5 kPa C.3.5 kPa
D. closed pipe turbulent pipe tlow B. 2.3 KPa D.6.8 kPa

Selukon Solulion

Froude no. except> closed pipe

Ans.D
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By Bernoulli's Eqn. 49. What is the hydraulic radius of the trapezoidal(isosceles) irrigation canal
of bases 5 m and I1 cm respectively with depth of 4m?
A. 1.63 m C.2.13 m
B. 2.00 m D4.00 m

Selut
2gC,
Sor (m/|1-(0s Anow [01+5)04)]n2
2.13 m
9810N/m a981m/ (098) hPwctted
Ans. B
2(5)+5 m

-P2=3514.16Pa » 3.5 kPa

AnsC 50. A venture meter installed horizontally is used to measure to flow of water
in a pipe. The area ratio, A2/A1, of the meter is 0.S0 and the velocity
through the throat of the meter is 3 m/s. What is the most nearly the
45. The 8 cm x 12 cm rectangular flume is filled to the three-quarters of its
pressure differential across the venture meter?
height. What is most nearly the hydraulic radius of the flow?
A. 1.5 kPa C. 3.5 kPa
B. 200 kPa D. 6.8 kPa
A. 1.5 cm C.3.0 cm
B. 2.5 cm D.5.0 cm
Setuen
By Bermoulls.
Seluion
.ow(8)(12)(3/4) cm 3 cm
Pw
Ans.C 282
46. A waterfall has a total drop of 15m and a flow rate 2 m/s. Most nearly
Sa Gm/)|1-(0.3
what theoretical power is available?
A. 294 Kw C439 kWN 9810 N/m a981m/098
B. 375 kW D.750 kW -P23514.16 Pa 3.5 kPa
Selue Ans C
51. A waterfall has a total drop of 15 m and a flow 2m'/s.Most nearly what
P=0h 9.8IN/w2m°s|(05 m) = 294.3kw
theoretical power is available?
A. 294 kW C. 439 kW
Ans. A
B. 375 kW D.750 kW

47. To what height will 20°C ethyl alcohol(surface tension 0.0227 N/m,
contact angle (0, specific heat 0.68 kcal/kg°C, density 0.79 g/cm*) rise
Solaton
is a 0.25 mm internal diameter glass capillary tube ? The density of the P=öQh
alcohol is 790 kp/m.
A. 0.12 m C.o.12 m
P-981N/)2m4Ju5m)
B. 0.047 m D.0.47 m P 294.3kW

Soln-ke
Ans.A
h=ocos8

d 52. A sliding-plate (50 cm x 25 cm) viscometer is used to measure the

4(0.0227 N/m)cos 0° 1000mm viscosity of a Newionian fluid( I mm thick). A force of 25 N is required
h 0.047 m to keep the top plate moving at a constant velocity of 5 m/s. What is the
9im/27901e/m* )(025mm) Im
viscosity of the fluid?
A. 0.005 N. s/m2 C.0.2 N. s/m2
B
B. 0.04 N s/m* D. 5.0 N. s/m2

48. The diameter of a water pipe gradually changes from Scm at point A to Sdukon :
15 cm at point B. Point A is 5 m lower than point B. The pressure is 700
kPa at point A and 664 kPa at point B. Friction between the water and
the pipe wall is negligible. What is the rate of discharge at point B?
A. 0.0035 m'/s. C.o.010m/s 2SN 100em
B. 0.0064 m'/s. D.0.018 m/s.
(50cm)(25cm) Im H Imm000mum
Im

lion: 0.04
By Bernoulli's Eqn.
Ans. B
++Z, where: V = Q/A
8 53. A 2 mm (inside diameter ) glass tube is placed in a container of
mercury.
An angle of 40° is measured are 13550 kg/m and 37.5 x m2 N/m.
40 40 respectively How high will the mercury rise or be depressed in the tube
as a result of capillary action?
700 z(oos 5m
664(0.15)
9.81 +0
9.81 2(9.81) 2(9.81) A.4.3 mm C.4.2 mmn
B. -1.6 mm D.6.4 mm
Q0.010 m s
C
An
lution
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4GCOSU 58. The coefficient of velocity is equal to the
h-
&d A. Product of the coefficient of discharge and the coefficient of
contraction
437.5x104 N/m |cos140 (1000mm B. Actual velocity divided by the theoretical velocity
h=713550kg/m(981m/s )(2mam) Im C. Sum of the coefficient of discharge and the coefficient of
contraction
h 4.32 mm(depressed) D. Difference of the coefficient of discharge and the coeficient
of contraction
Ans.A
Selfon

54. A nuclear submarine is capable of a top underwater specd of 65 km/hr.

How fast would a 1/20 scale model of the submarine have to be moved
CyVA/
through a testing pool filled with seawater for the forces on the submarine Ans.B
and model to be dimensionally similar?
A. 0.90 m/s C.180 m/s 59. In parallel pipe system originating and terminating in common junctions.
B. 18 m/s D. 360 m/s A. mass flows through each branch are equal
B. pressure drops through each branch are equal
Solulion: C. lengths of each branch are equal
D. flow areas of each branch are equal
model=20
Slution
Parallel systems > pressure drops through each branch
20(65kph) m s 361.1 Imps
model kph) Ans. B
Ans.D
60. Venturi meters, pitot static gauges, orifice meters, flow nozzles, and
55. Fluid flows at 5 m/s in a 5 cm diameter pipe section. The section is differential manometers ali depend upon the relationship between:
connected to a 10 cm diameter section. At most nearly what velocity does A. flow velocity and friction
the fluid fow in the 10 cm section? B. Now velocity and pressure
A. 1.00 m/s C.2.50 cm/s C. friction and pressure
B. 1.25 m/s D.10.0 cm/s D. pressure and mass flow
Sel-kion
Solutiom Venturimeters >low velocity and pressure

Ans.B
(Scm) (5 m/s)(10cm)(",) 61. Expansion factors take into account the :
V=1.25m/s A. area of the vena contracta
B. small effect of friction and turbulence of the orifice
Ans.B C. changes in diameters of a converging pipe
D. effects of compressibility

S6. The diameter of a pipe at the larger end is 0.50 m and at the end smaller Soltor"
end is 0.20 m. the larger and smaller ends are located 7 meters and 3 Expansion factors ->compressibility
meters respectively, from the datum line. f at the larger end, the velocity
is 1.2 meters per second and the pressure is 5200 kN/m2, compute the Ans.D
pressure at the snmaller end.
A 5211.84 kPa C4352.45 kPa 62.
B. 5642.56 kPa D.3452.45 kPa The matching of scale model and full scake results for
-

phenomena with a free surface requires equality of

a fluid dynanic
A. Reynolds number C. Weber number
ali B. Froude number D. Cauchy number
CE Selulion
Matching scale to full model > froude
At Q-02 Ans. B
Dv-DV2
63. The matching of scale model and full scale prototype results for a fluid
(0.50m)(0.2m/s)=(0.20m) (2)) dynamic phenomena involving surface tension requires equality of
V-7.5m/s A.
B.
Reynolds number
Froude number
C. Weber number
D. Cauchy number
Then,

5200 kPa (1.2 m/s 7m= 2 (7.5m/s) +

Seluton
9.81N/m 219.81m/s 9.81N/m 2/9.81m/ Matching scale to full model involving surface tension > Reynolds

P= 5211.835 kPa
Ans. A

Ans. A 64. All of the following are forms of drag on a body moving through a fluid
except
57. The coefficient if discharge is the ratio of the : A. skin friction C. wake drag
A. area of vena contracta to the orifice area B. profile drag D. d' Alembert's paradox drag
B. actual discharge to the theoretical discharge
C. actual velocity to the theoretical velocity Setution ?
D. effective head to the actual head Forms of drag except >d Alembert's

Ans. D
Selion
Cp=Q,/0,
Ans. B
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65. Which of the following refers to the measure of a fluid's sensitivity to By Bemoulli
changes in viscosity with changes in temperature?
A. Viscosity index C. Coefficient of viscosity
B. Viscosity ratio D. Viscosity factor

Solukon: where: V=-

Fluid's sensitivity to change > vis. index A D
Ans. A
002 m 0.02m
7
66. Which of the following ratios describes Reynolds number?
A. Inertial forces / Viscous forces 4(004 m) a/4(008m +0-1.5 mn
B. Drag forces/ Buoyant forces
C. Buoyant forces / Inertial forces
29.8Im/s
D. Viscous forces/ Drag forces -P 104.02 kPa
Selukion Ans. B
Re =F/F
73. Find the volune flow rate of water in L/s if the power developed under a
AnsA head of 320 m is 10,500 kW and the hydraulic efficiency is 85%.
A.3.935 C. 3.271
67. What is the classification of the fluid flow if the fluid travels parallel to
B.3.293 D. 3,721
the adjacent layers and the paths of the individual paricles do not cross
each other?
Soluion :
A. Steady flow C. Laminar flow
B. Unifom flow D. Turbulent flow P Qhen
Soluion 10s00W=981(320m)0.8)
Travels in adjacent Laminar m
Ans. C Q-3.93506 (1o001/m)
68. What is the reciprocal of absolute viscosity?
FOR Q= 3935.06 L/s

A.Viscosity gradient C. Compressibility Ans.A

B.Fluidity D. Viscosity index
74. A sealed tank containing seawater to a height of 12 m also contains air
above the water at gage pressure of 5 atm Water flows out from the
Selukiow bottom through a small hole. Calculate the efflux speed of the
water.Note: pa 1.03x 103 kg/m
Reciprocal ofabs vis. Fluidity A.34.92 m/s C. 20.45 m/s
Ans. B B.45.24 m/s D. 3545 m/s

69. A vena contracta in a fluid jet issuing through a hole in a plate is localed Sdekon
pproximately:
A. 10 diameters downstream of the hole V=2gT where: h= hz
B. at jet's minimum diameter
C. at the orifice minimum diameter
5 atm(101325 Pa/atm)
D. at the orifice maximu m diameter
ve9.81m/s12m
1.03 10kg/m (931m/)
Solukion V 34.92m/s
Vena Contractajet minimum diameter
Ans. B Ans.A
75. Water leaves a fuucet with a downward velocity of 3 m/s. As the water
70. Which of thefollowing is the other name of velocity gradient? falls below the faucet it accelerates with acceleration g. The cross
A. strain rate C. rate of shear formation sectional area of the water stream leaving the faucet is 1.0 cm2. What is
B. shear rate D. All of these
the cross-sectional area of the stream 0.50 m below the faucet.
Solukie : A.0.69 cm C. 0.57 cm
B.0.45 cm D. 0.25 cm
Velocity gradientall
Ans.D Selution
Solving for the velocity 0.50m below the faucet,
71. Alcohol finds use in manometers as :
A. it provides a suitable meniscus for the inclined tube
B. its density being less can provide longer length for a pressure
difference, thus more accuracy can be obtained v-(Bm/29s1m/A0.s0m)
C. A and B above are comect V4.337m/s
D. Cheap and easily avail1ble
Then,
Solution :
Alcohol in manometers > A andB
AA2
AnsC lcm 3 m/s -(A2)(4.37 m/s)
12. Acylindrical pipe with water flowing downward at 0.02 m'/s having top
diameter of 0.08, botom diameter of 0.04 m and height of 1.5 m. Find Ag 0.692 cm
the pressure between the pipe.
A. 94.05 kPa
B. 104.06 kPa
C. 124.07 kPa
D. 134.10 kPa
Aas A
Sole-ton:
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76. A hose shoots water straight up a distance of 2.5 m. The end opening on vD
the hose has an area of 0.75 cm2. How much water comes out in min? Re where D
A.31.5 liters C. 20.5 iters K P
B.41.5 liters D. 130.5 liters
R. )-3.0x10*
Soluion:
1000
Q= Av where v =/2gz
Ans. A
81. The jet discharges water at the rate of 0.10 m3/s and at a speed of 18 m/s
to stationary plate. Determine the force on the plate.
Q=31.516L/min A.2800 N C. 1800 N
Ans.A B. 2000 N D. 2500 N

77. A conical reducing sections connects an existent 10.16 cm diameter Selution

pipeline with a new 5.08 cm diameter line. At 689.30 kPa static pressure
under no-1ow conditions, what is the tensile force is exerted on the F=pAv
connectors at joint A assuming no end restraint from the pipe.
A.4.19 kN C. 3.23 kN where: A 0.0056 m2
B.5.12 kN D. 4.15 kN V18
thus;
Solulion :
F-00ks/mo.056msv - 18144N
F P(AA) where A-D
An C
F689.30BPa(10.16cm)-(5.08cmIm 82. What is the expected head loss per mile of a closed circular pipe with 17
Ji0ocm)
F 4.19 kN in. inside diameter friction factor of 0.03 when 3300 galvmin of water
Ans. A
NTUTEF low under pressure ?
A.0.007 f C. 38 ft
B.0.647 D. 35.80 ft

78. An oil flowing at the of

rale 0.001 m3/sthroughi an 8 cm diamcter pipe
has a kinematic of 2x 10-5
viscosity m2/s and anspecific gravity of 0.85 Salution
What is the centerline velocity?
A.0.398 m/s C. 0.235 m/s LV where: V =2
B.0.678 m/s D. 0.547 m/s 2gD
Solution i 0.03( gul/munJ(ift/7481gal)
Q AV (60/mnin)(/4(17/12A) =37.77fn/mile
232.2/s )(07/12 n)(lmile/5280 f)
0.001m 8 emy (1O m ns. C
V 0.199m/s 83. A 150 mm diameter pipe carries 81.3 L/s of water. The pipe branches into
For centerline velocity: two pipes one is 50 mm in diameter and the other is 75 mm. What is the
max 2V=2(0.199 m/s) =0.398m/s velocity in 75 mm pipe if the velocity of the flow in the 50 mm pipe is
10 m/s?
Ans. A A. 13.96 m/s C. 17.25 ms
B.15.67 m/s D. 19.43 m/s
79. At a height of 10,000 m (33,000 ft ) above the sea level atmospheric
pressure is about 210 mm of Hg. What is the resultant normal force on a Soletion i
600 cm2 window of an airplane flying atthis height when thehydrostatic
conditions and a pressure inside the plane of 760 mm of mercury and
992
density of mercury is 13,600 kg/m3 ?
where
Q1A and 2= A22
A.4.403 kN C. 5.721 kN
B.3.407 kN D. 2.741 kN
s1000L41000 4{1000
Soluhion V,= 13.96m/s
R cabinatmcabinaunA Ans.A
R (760 mmHg -210 mnHg)(600 cm2 1O1.325 kPa ( Im 84. A gas ows through a square conduit, at the entrance the conduit sides
760 mmHg Ji00em are 10 cm. the velocity is 7.55 m/s, and the gas mass density is 1.09
FR 4 4 kN kg/m3. At the exit, he conduit sides are 25 cm, and the velocity of the
flow is 2.02 m/s. Find the density of the gas at the exit section considering8
Ans.A that the gas is compressible.
A.0.6598 kg/n C. 0.6518 kg/m*
80. A submarine is 100 m long. The shape of its hull is roughly cylindrical B.0.6851 kg/n D. 0.6185 kg/m'
with a diamcter of 15 m. When it is submerged, it cruisesat a speed of
about 40 knots or approximately 20 m/s. Compute the Reynolds nuber, Soluthon
if the viscosity is 1.0 x 10-3 Pa.s.
A.3x 10* C. 5x 10*
B.4 x 10* D. 2.5 x 10

Solulion i
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By Continuity eq. 89. A scuba diver at a depth of 60 m notices the bubbles he exhales have
diameters of I cm. Assume the surface tension and water temperature remain
m2 relatively constant. What is the depth if the diameter is 0.50 cm ?
A 540 cn C. 120 cm
PA P2A2 B. 320 cm D. 480 cm

(1.09kg/ma0cm) (2.55m/s)=o2(25cm)*(2.02m/s) Sel-tien

P20.65 184kg/m3
cm 480 cm
Ans.C 0.50 cm
85. A hose shoots water straight up for a distance of 2.5 m. The end opening Ans. D
on the hose has an area of 0.75 cm2. How much water come out in 1hour
A.1.89 m3 C. 1.67 m 90. A scuba diver at a depth of 60 m notices the bubbles he exhales have
B.0.78 m D. 2.56 m diameters of I cm. Assume the surface tension and water temperature

remain relatively constant. What is the pressure bubble at 60m

of the
Solulion: depth?
Q AV where: V =2gZ A. 540 kPa C. 720 kPa
B. 320 kPa D. 690 kPa
QA/2gz
Selu-fion
o-(075am 00cm) im/2j2sm) Pyh+ P9.81(60)+101 690 kPa
Q=1.891 m Ans. D
Ans. A 91. What is the kinetic energy of 20°C water flowing in a5 cm pipe at 5 m/s?
A. 12.5 Jkg C. 115 JAkg
B. 10.5 Jkg D. 9.5 Jkg
86. How high does mercury barometer
stands on a day when atmospheric
pressure is 98.6 kPa considering that the specific gravity of mercury is
13.6.
A.739 mm
NSTE
B.400 mm
C760 mnm
D. 540 mnm =12.5 1g
2

Seluien
Ans. D
760 mmHg 92. Ammonia at 140 kPa and 13°C (p = 0.988 kg/m) flows through a pipe.
98.6 kPa 739.56 mmHg of water. What
101.325 KPa nicromanometer measuring impact pressure shows 4.06 m

is the velocity oftheammonia in the pipe?

A. 43,58 m/s C. 34.54 m/s
Ans.A B. 47.83 ins D. 32.23 m/s

87. A 10liter of an incompressibleliquidexertsa force of 20Nat the earth's Saletios

surface. What force would 2.31of thisliquid exerts onthe surface of the P Payo8h=(1000)(9.81)(4.06)=39.83x10'Pa
moon. The gravitational acceleration on the surface of the moon is 1.67 P=140x10 Pa-1.013i0 Pa =38.7a10 Pa
m/s2
A. 0.39 N C.3.4 N V2- 39.8310-38.7xd0 47.83 m/s
B. 0.78N D46 N P 0.988

Sdition : Ans.E
FpVg
93. What is the equivalent diameter of a partially full rectangular channel
20Np(10L)981m/ whose width is 30 feet (9.0 m) and depth is 5.0 feet (.5m) ?
p 0204kg/L
At the moon: CEB A. 4.5 m
B.4 m
C. 2.5 mn
D.5 m

F-pVe-020423167m/-0783N
Solekion
Ans.B AhL 40.5N9)45m
L+ 2h 9+201.5)
88. A scuba diver at a depth of 200 feet (60 m) notices the bubbles he exhales
have dianmeters of l/2 inch ( l cm). Assume tbe surface tension and water Ans. A
temperature remain relatively constant. What diameter bubble should be
expect at a depth of 50 feet (15 m)?
C. 2.301 cm 94. Air flows in a pipe of 0.75 in2(4.8 cm2) area at 250 ful/sec ( 76 m/s). The
A. 1.587 cm
B. 1452 cm D. 1.203 cm density of the air is 0.075 fbm/ft3 (1.2 kg/m3). If the flow splits and both
halves leave parallel to the plate, what is the force required to hold the
Soluion i plate?
A. 3.33N C. 4.5 N
B. 6.66N D. 9N

P yh
F=miaV pV(V-V,)
hd -hd PAM[o-V -pA(,)
4- 60mlam)=
ISm
1.587em -124uo"76
R3.33N
Ans. A Ans. A
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95. A uniform area water jt travels at 200 m/s and 3 m'/s. What is the 100. A jet is discharged through a 25 cm-diameter orifice under constant head
of 0.64 m. The total discharge is 103 kg in 0 seconds. The jet is observed
honzontal force acts on the water jet if it undergcxes a 0 urn
to pass through a point 60m downward 1.2 m away from the vena contracta.
A. - 0.60 MN C. 0.80 MN
Compute the coefficient of velocity.
B. -0.75 MN D. 0.23 MN A. 682 C. 0.982
B. 0.968 D. 0.819
Soluion
Selulen
F m'AV=pvV-V 1.2
C, 2h2(064)(0.6) = 0.968

-1on o- -0.6MN Ans. B

Ans.A
Pleaselog-on to www.primereviewcenter.com for the enhancement of
96. A unifom area water jet travels at 600 fty/sec (200 m/s) and 100 ft /sec ( Elements(Terms) in Mahematics & Basic Engineering Sciences.
3 m'/s). What is the horizontal force acts on the water jet if it undergoes a Power & Industrial Plant Engineering and Machine Design.
180 turn
A. 14 MN C.-0.6 MN
B. 1.2 MN D. 4.5 MN

Seludion:

F =miaV = pV(-V,-V,)

Ans C
COR
97. A jet is discharged through a 25 cm-diameter orifice under constant head
of 0.64 m. The total discharge is 103 kg in 90 seconds. The jet is observed
to pass through a point 6m downward 1,2 m away from the vena contracta.
Compute the theoretical velocity
A. 3.54 m/s
B. 1.56 m/s

Setulian
V= 2gH(2x9.8ix0.64)=3.54m/s
C. 2.54 in/s
D. 4.35 m/s
EChAA
Ans.
98. A jet is discharged through a 25 cm-diameter onifice under constant head
of 0.64 m. The total discharge is 103 kg in 90 seconds. The jet is observed
to pass through a point 60m downward 1.2 m away from the vena contracta.
Compute the theoretical discharge in kg.
A. 156 kg8 C. 245 Kg
B. 345 kg D. 452 kg

Salutiamt
m, = VA,pt where:V = (2X9.81x0.64) =3.54m/s

m, = 3.54(0.25) |(1000)(0) = 156 k

Ans. A

99. A jet is discharged through a 25 cm-diameter orifice under anstant head

of 0.64 m. The total dischurge is 103 kg in 90 seconds. The jet is observed
to pass through a poin 60m downward 1.2 m away from the vena contracta.
Computc the coefficient of contraction and the cocfficient of discharge.
A. 0.968 C 0.92
B. 0.66 D. 0.69

Sellion
m, =VA, p where: V == (2x9.8100.64) = 3.54m/s

m, =3.540.25) (1000)90) =156kg

0.66
156

Ans. B