TROUBLE FREE CHIP FORMATION

IN TURNING OPERATIONS
PART 2
THICK CURLY CHIPS
Extremely harmful for the operator
and the workpiece and can lead
to tool breakage.

Machine needs to be
stopped often to remove
the chips manually, this
leads to low machine

?
efficiency.

WHY REMEDY
Big depth of cut Reduce depth of cut
combined with a high
feed and a depth of
cut-feed-ratio above 25
THIN CURLY CHIPS
Harmful for the operator
and the workpiece.

Machine needs to be
stopped often to remove
the chips manually,
this leads to low
machine efficiency.

?
WHY
The depth of cut
is combined with
a too low feed
REMEDY
Increase the feed
LONG SPIRAL CHIPS
The shape of the chip is good but
the length can become an issue.

The machine needs

to be stopped regular
to remove the chips
manually, this leads
to low machine efficiency.
Often observed when machining softer

?
materials like soft steel or aluminium.

WHY REMEDY
Rather big depth of Increase the feed
cut combined with a slightly
rather low feed
SHORT SPIRAL CHIPS
Ideal chip form.

?
WHY
When the cutting
geometry and the
cutting conditions
are in good balance
REMEDY
N/A
If after a while the
chip form shows a
tendency to change,
it could be a sign that
end of tool life of the
cutting edge is near
LONG COMMA SHAPED CHIPS
Ideal chip form. Often be formed together with
the short spiral chips

?
WHY
When the cutting
geometry and the
cutting conditions
are in good balance
REMEDY
N/A
If after a while the
chip form shows a
tendency to change,
it could be a sign that
end of tool life of the
cutting edge is near
SHORT COMMA SHAPED CHIPS
Can be considered as good chip
form but compared to the long
comma shaped chips.

This form puts a higher

mechanical load on the
cutting edge and this

?
could shorter tool life.

WHY REMEDY
When the feed is If considered an issue,
rather high compared reduce the feed or
to the capacity of the use a sharper cutting
used cutting edge geometry
geometry
VERY SHORT COMMA SHAPED
CHIPS
This chip form puts a high
overload on the cutting
edge and this will lead to
premature end of tool life.

Often spraying-type evacuated

and as such can be harmful

?
for the operator.

WHY REMEDY
When the feed is too Reduce the feed
high compared to the of use a sharper
capacity of the cutting cutting geometry
edge geometry
SQUARE CHIPS
Typical a chip form indicating that
only the cutting point was in use
during the operation.

This gives high mechanical and

thermal overload on the cutting point
and leads to premature end of tool life
or even cutting point breakage.

?
Often fountain-type evacuated and
as such are harmful for the operator.

WHY REMEDY
When the depth of Reduce the feed and/
cut and the feed are or the depth of cut or
too low compared use a sharper cutting
to the cutting point point geometry
geometry of the tool
SUMMARY
The form and size of chips as such that the
operation can be done without problems.
Chips must have the correct form and size.
If not, the efficiency of the operation and the
safety of the operator are endangered.

The workpiece material and the used cutting tool

influence how chips are formed, but the feed and
depth of cut are the variables we use to modify.
Depth of cut
(ap - mm)

Feed
(f - mm/rev)
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