Senior High School

Disciplines and Ideas

in Applied Social
Sciences
Quarter 1 – Module 4: Clients,
Processes and Methods in Counseling
Disciplines and Ideas in Applied Social Sciences – Grade 12
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 4: Clients, Processes and Method in Counseling
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Published by the Department of Education, Region VI - Western Visayas

Regional Director: Ma.Gemma M. Ledesma
Asst. Regional Director: Josilyn S. Solana

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Raymond J. Silvestre

Editors: Sephora M. Roldan, Shirley A. De Juan

Illustrator: Raymond J. Silvestre

Management Team: Gemma M. Ledesma

Salvador O. Ochavo Jr.

Elena P. Gonzaga

Segundina F. Dollete

Shirley A. De Juan

Sephora M. Roldan

Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education – Region VI
Office Address: Duran Street, Iloilo City
Telefax: (033) –335 0207
E-mail Address: region6@deped.gov.ph
 12
Disciplines and Ideas
in Applied Social
Sciences
Quarter 1 – Module 4: Clients,
Processes and Methods in Counseling
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Disciplines and Ideas in Applied Social Sciences – Grade 12

Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Clients, Processes and Methods in
Counseling!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by

educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or
facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum
while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also
aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning.

Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they
do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

Welcome to the Disciplines and Ideas in Applied Social Sciences – Grade 12

Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Clients, Processes and Methods in
Counseling!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time.

You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while
being an active learner.

ii
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

iii
At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies.
You can do it!

iv
 What I Need to Know

Hi! You should be happy about yourself for doing a fantastic job.

You are about to end the series of modular instructions on counseling as one
of the applied social sciences.

In this module you will get to know more about the particular group of clients
or clientele as well as the processes, and methods in the field of counseling.

Actively engage yourself in the learning processes and be particular of the kind
of people that counselors serve and how are they helped.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

 describe the clientele and audience of counseling
 illustrate the different processes and methods involved in undertaking
counseling
 distinguish the needs of individuals, groups, organizations, and
communities

2
 What I Know

True or False. Read and study each statement and determine if it is true or false.
Write your answer only in your notebook.
1. One type of clientele of counseling is those individuals who need financial
assistance.
2. There are many clients of counseling but all they need is just an advice.
3. There are some instances that an entire community needs counseling.
4. There is just one method of counseling.
5. A counselor is prohibited to establish relationship with counselee as part of
the counseling process.
6. Some organizations hire counselors to cater the need for managing digital files.
7. People who are overthinking and confused cannot be patients of counselors.
8. The process of counseling involves understanding of the client’s problem.
9. The methods used by counselors in counseling are prescribed by their clients.
10. Clientele and audience of counseling can be categorized as individuals,
couples, groups, organizations, and states.
11. Individual counseling is different from community counseling in the sense
that the former is communal relationship with the counselor while the latter
is personal relationship with counselor.
12. Clientele and audience of counseling may be categorized in terms of needs and
number.
13. Founded on theories and principles, counselors employ or prescribe methods
and strategies to help their clients.
14. Counseling methods include but not limited to therapy, psychoanalysis,
assessments, behavioral modification approaches among others.
15. Some organizations hire counselors to help them achieve organizational goals
while some community need counselors’ help in events like after calamities.

3
 Lesson
Clients, Processes and
1 Methods in Counseling
Have you ever wonder what kind of patients do counselors help? In this
module you will get to know the different types of clients, processes and methods in
counseling. You will find it good to start learning new by recalling what you already
know. Complete the Review Activity.

What’s In

Review Activity: Fast Talk Review

Instructions:
1. Put into words your understanding of your previous lesson on Module 3: Code
of Ethics.
2. Realize that counseling involves building a relationship between a counselor
and counselee.
3. Discover the jumble words inside the boxes. These are words pertaining
to which a counselor must build relationship with.

lleacogues secounlee nitycommu

What’s New

Excellent work! You are now ready to increase your knowledge and skills.
You will be introduced with the people whom counselors serve. They are the
clients of counselors more formally called as counselees. Discover the body of clients
or clientele of counselors. Do the Activity 1.

4
Activity 1: Clientele and Audiences in Counseling

Instruction: Read the text entitled Clientele and Audiences in Counseling.

Understand and ask yourself about what you read. Remember to use the dictionary
to help you understands some terms new to you.

CLIENTELE AND AUDIENCES IN COUNSELING

The human being is a unique individual. Each individual encounters a
unique experience. Some individuals may be in a same place at the same time,
however their place and situation may have different meaning to each of them.
That is also true in counseling, different people have different counseling needs.
So to say, counselors have different audience.
Maybe you now realized that specialization of counselors caters to the
specific of counselees. Counselees, the clients of counselors may be grouped into
types. In this modules, the clients will be categorized in terms of needs and in
terms of number. We can classify clients in terms of needs into five types. These
are those clients who need help about their thoughts, those clients who need
help about their emotions, those clients who need help about their habits,
those clients who need help about their relationships, and those clients who
need help about their academic, career or professional development.
In terms of number, clientele and audience of counseling can be categorized
as individuals, couples, groups, organizations, and communities.
A client may seek for help individually about his or her mental or emotional
health, relationship and even about his or her career and professional needs.
Couples like married individuals seek help from counselors to help fix and
strengthen marriage. There are also who have experience similar problems and
group themselves to support each other under the supervision of a counselor.
There are organizations that hire counselors to cater the organizational needs like
in terms of human resource management and development, leadership and
professional goals. There are also times that a certain place experiences trauma
after tragedies and calamities that need community counseling.

What is It

As you can read from the text above, counselors have clients and audiences
with varied needs and characteristics.

To make you better understand and master the competencies expected of you
after going through this module, work on completing Activities 2.

5
Activity 2: Counseling Clientele
Instructions:
1. Comprehend what you just have read.
2. Familiarize yourself with the important words and concepts.
3. Help yourself grasp the concepts about the text you have just read by
accomplishing the graphical organizer below.
4. Follow the guide in the graphical organizer to supply the needed information.

Types According to Types According to

Needs: Numbers:

Counseling
Clients

What’s More

Excellent work!
Now that you can describe clientele and audience in counseling, work further
to discover how the client or counselee and the counselor work together to achieve
their goals in the process of counseling.
Activity 3: The Counseling Process
Instruction: Read the text entitled Process and Methods of Counseling. Understand
and ask yourself about as more information is added to your knowledge. Again, use
the dictionary to help you understands some terms new to you.

PROCESS AND METHODS OF COUNSELING

The process of counselling is not as simple as talking to a counselor and
getting the advice to keep you gong. As sated previously, counseling is a
relationship between the counselor and counselled built on trust. There are varied
processes that several counselling authorities recommend. You may want to check

6
 them yourself online and offline or thru available books in your area. For the
meantime, in this module you will be introduced to the basic process.
The process may take this flow:
1. Counselee and counselor knowing each other
2. Identifying the problem
3. Exploring the problem
4. Finding methods to eradicate the problem
5. Employing to best method to solve the problem
6. Monitoring and evaluation
Counseling professionals and practitioners finished a course of study and
continuously train themselves to keep abreast with the trends and innovations in
their field. Founded on theories and principles, they employ or prescribe methods
and strategies to help their clients. These methods include but not limited to
therapy, psychoanalysis, assessments, behavioral modification approaches among
others.
Again, the process and methods of counseling are technical and are best
prescribed by experts in the field because the counseling needs of an individual, a
group, an organization or community are complex and unique.

Activity 4: The Flow of Counseling

Do you have new understanding about your lesson? Use the graphical
organizer below to illustrate the steps in counseling. Use your own words.

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6

You should be proud of your accomplishments by now. Help yourself not to

forget what you learned.

After accomplishing the activities, read them and think about your answers.
Ask yourself some questions. Are they good? What else do you think you can
improve? What concerns do you wish to tell your teacher, parents or guardians?

7
 What I Have Learned

You are outstanding! You are almost done with this module. This time, you
have to declare you learnings! You can do it. Answer the following questions:

1. What are the different types of counseling clients?

2. How is counseling conducted?
3. What are the differences among needs of individuals, groups, organizations,
and communities?

What I Can Do

You are brilliant!

Now put some actions in your learnings.
Make a survey among young adults (18 -21 years old) in your family or if possible in
your own neighborhood through call, text or instant messaging. Make sure to
practice safety and proper protocols.
Formulate at least five questions about counseling needs in your family or
neighborhood.
Collect and analyze the responses. Describe and discover some implications
of your collected and analyzed data.
Draw some conclusions and make recommendations to answer the counseling
needs in your place.

Assessment

True or False. Read and study each statement and determine if it is true or false.
Write your answer in your notebook.

1. There are many clients of counseling but all they need is just an advice.
2. There are some instances that an entire community needs counseling.
3. There is just one method of counseling.

8
 4. A counselor is prohibited to establish relationship with counselee as part of
the counseling process.
5. One type of clientele of counseling is those individuals who need financial
assistance.
6. Some organizations hire counselors to cater the need for managing digital files.
7. Clientele and audience of counseling can be categorized as individuals,
couples, groups, organizations, and states.
8. People who are overthinking and confused cannot be patients of counselors.
9. The process of counseling involves understanding of the client’s problem.
10. The methods used by counselors in counseling are prescribed by their clients.
11. Individual counseling is different from community counseling in the sense
that the former is communal relationship with the counselor while the latter
is personal relationship with counselor.
12. Some organizations hire counselors to help them achieve organizational goals
while some community need counselors’ help in events like after calamities.
13. Clientele and audience of counseling may be categorized in terms of needs and
number.
14. Founded on theories and principles, counselors employ or prescribe methods
and strategies to help their clients.
15. Counseling methods include but not limited to therapy, psychoanalysis,
assessments, behavioral modification approaches among others.

Additional Activities

Relax, sit down and just read your finished activities. Smile and be happy
about your work. You may want to insert some comments about your works before
submitting them to your teacher.

9
 10
What I Know What's More Assessment
1. False 1. Answers may vary 1. False
2. True 2. Answers may vary 2. False
3. False 3. Answers may vary 3. True
4. False 4. Answers may vary 4. False
5. False 5. Answers may vary 5. False
6. False 6. False
7. False 7. False
8. False 8. True
9. True 9. False
10. False 10. False
11. False 11. False
12. True 12. True
13. True 13. True
14. True 14. True
15. True 15. True
Answer Key
References
counseling.umn.edu, “The Counsel Process,” accessed July 27, 2020,
https://counseling.umn.edu/sites/counseling.umn.edu/files/the_counselin
g_process_0.pdf#:~:text=The%20Counseling%20Process%20%20.%20The%2
0counseling%20process,action%20plans%2C%20and%20assess%20progress
%20toward%20the%20goal%28s%29.

OnlineCounselingPrograms.com, “Counseling Skills & Techniques,” accessed July

27, 2020, https://onlinecounselingprograms.com/resources/counseling-
skills-techniques/#process

Yourarticlelibrary.com, “Counselling: Meaning, Techniques, Types and Problems,”

accessed July 28, 2020,
https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/hrm/organisation/counselling-
meaning-techniques-types-and-problems/60331

11
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex

Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600

Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

Email Address: blr.lrqad@deped.gov.ph * blr.lrpd@deped.gov.ph