Dawit and Zekaryas

DESIGN PROJECT TWO
MECHANICAL SCISSOR CAR JACK

SECTION – Three
NAME ID.NO
1. Dawit Alemayehu 4342/08

2. Zekaryas Mezgebu 01315/09
Submited to:INSTRUCTOR MISGANAW ABEBAW
Submission date: 12/10/2011 E.C

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DESIGN OF MECHANICAL SCISSOR JACK
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The success and final outcome of this project required a lot of guidance and assistance from
many people and we are extremely privileged to have got this all along the completion of our
project. All that we have done is only due to such supervision and assistance and we would not
forget to thank them. We respect and thank machine design teacher Mr. MISGANAW for
providing us an opportunity to do the project work in scissor car jack and giving us all support
and guidance, which made us, complete the project duly. We are extremely thankful our
dormitory and our senior fellow students for providing such nice support and guidance.
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Abstract
Car jack is a device used to lift up the cars while changing the tires during an emergency. The purpose of
this project is to design of the car jack. In this project, the scopes of research were on the designing
1500Kg maximum lifting capacity of car jack and maximum height of jack 375 mm and minimum height
of jack 100mm based on optimized concept and design procedure. This design project was focuses on the
detail design and analysis of each component of mechanical scissor car jack and to draw out the detail
drawing of each component and assembly drawing using AutoCAD software. In addition, ergonomic
factors are also taken into consideration in order to reduce and simplify how to use a car jack. We have
gotten the necessary parameter such as diameter, length, area, load and stress of each component.
In this process we obtaining a suitable parameter, then design is safe.
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Contents
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.................................................................................................................................... i
Abstract.......................................................................................................................................................... ii
Chapter-1....................................................................................................................................................... 1
1. Introduction................................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Overview of scissor car jack................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 Classification of Car Jack.................................................................................................................... 2
1.3 Mechanical scissor car jack..................................................................................................................5
1.3.1 Definition of Mechanical scissor car jack.....................................................................................5
1.3.2 Working principle of mechanical scissor jack.............................................................................. 5
1.3.3 Components of Mechanical Scissor Jack......................................................................................6
1.4 Background........................................................................................................................................ 13
1.5 Statement of The Problem..................................................................................................................15
1.6 Objective of Design........................................................................................................................... 15
1.6.1 Main Objective............................................................................................................................15
1.3.2 Specific Objectives..................................................................................................................... 15
1.7 Scope and limitation of The Project...................................................................................................16
1.8 Methodology...................................................................................................................................... 16
Chapter-2......................................................................................................................................................18
2. Litrature Review...................................................................................................................................... 18
Chapter -3.....................................................................................................................................................20
3. Detail Design and analysis.......................................................................................................................20
3.1 Geometric analysis.............................................................................................................................20
3.2 Force analysis.....................................................................................................................................24
3.3 Design of each components............................................................................................................... 25
3.3.1 Design of the Power Screw.........................................................................................................25
3.3.2 Design of connecting member.................................................................................................... 29
3.3.3 Design of lifting Links................................................................................................................ 31
3.3.4 Design for cup at the top (break)................................................................................................ 33
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3.3.5 Design of pins............................................................................................................................. 34

3.3.6 Design of the driving handle.......................................................................................................36
3.3.7 Design of base plate.................................................................................................................... 37
3.3.8 Design of Bolt............................................................................................................................. 39
3.3.9 Design of Nut.............................................................................................................................. 41
3.3.10 Design of washer.......................................................................................................................42
3.4 Cost Analysis................................................................................................................................. 43
Chapter- 4.....................................................................................................................................................46
Result and discussion................................................................................................................................... 46
4.1 Result................................................................................................................................................. 46
4.2 Discussion:......................................................................................................................................... 47
Chapter-5......................................................................................................................................................48
5.1 Bill of Material.......................................................................................................................................48
Chapter-6......................................................................................................................................................49
Conclusion and Recommendation............................................................................................................... 49
Chapter-7......................................................................................................................................................50
AUTO CAD development........................................................................................................................... 50
7.1 Part 3D drawing of mechanical scissor jack...................................................................................... 50
7.2 3D ASSEMBLY DRAWING............................................................................................................ 56
REFERENCE...............................................................................................................................................57
APPENDICES............................................................................................................................................. 58
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List Of Figure
Figure 1- mechanical bottle jack sample......................................................................................... 3
Figure 2-hydraulic floor jack sample...............................................................................................4
Figure 3-hydraulic bottle jack..........................................................................................................5
Figure 4 lifting member................................................................................................................... 6
Figure 5 power screw.......................................................................................................................7
Figure 6-connecting member........................................................................................................... 8
Figure 7 pin......................................................................................................................................8
Figure 8 Lower base plate................................................................................................................9
Figure 9-upper base plate.................................................................................................................9
Figure 10 bolt at the upper plate.................................................................................................... 10
Figure 11 bolt at the lower plate.................................................................................................... 10
Figure 12-Nut.................................................................................................................................11
Figure 13 washer............................................................................................................................12
Figure 14 handle............................................................................................................................ 12
Figure 15 Cup (break)....................................................................................................................13
Figure 16 simplified double scissor jack....................................................................................... 21
Figure 17 Dimension of scissor jack............................................................................................. 21
Figure 18 angles between links......................................................................................................23
Figure 19 Force analyses FBD...................................................................................................... 24
Figure 20 power screw...................................................................................................................25
Figure 21 Thread geometry analysis..............................................................................................27
Figure 22 connecting member....................................................................................................... 29
Figure 23 Top fastener strength analyses...................................................................................... 29
Figure 24 lifting member............................................................................................................... 31
Figure 25 cup at the top (break).....................................................................................................33
Figure 26 pins................................................................................................................................ 35
Figure 27 driving handle................................................................................................................36
Figure 28 Lower base plate............................................................................................................38
Figure 29 upper base plate............................................................................................................. 38
Figure 30 drawing of base plate.....................................................................................................38
Figure 31 Bolt at upper plate......................................................................................................... 40
Figure 32 Bolt at lower plate......................................................................................................... 40
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Figure 33 Nut.................................................................................................................................41
Figure 34 Washer...........................................................................................................................43
Figure 35 power screw..................................................................................................................50
Figure 36 lifting member............................................................................................................... 50
Figure 37 connecting member....................................................................................................... 51
Figure 38 cup (break).....................................................................................................................51
Figure 39 pin..................................................................................................................................52
Figure 40 handle............................................................................................................................ 52
Figure 41 lower base plate............................................................................................................. 53
Figure 42 upper base plate............................................................................................................. 53
Figure 43 bolt at the upper plate.................................................................................................... 54
Figure 44 bolt at the lower plate.................................................................................................... 54
Figure 45 Nut.................................................................................................................................55
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List of Table
Table 1 .spacification sheet.......................................................................................................................... 20

Table 2 Table of length and angle on different given angle....................................................................... 22
Table 3 Table of change of height jack lift at different angle.....................................................................23
Table 4 material selected for bolt design [4]...............................................................................................40
Table 5 Basic dimensions for square threads in mm (normal series) according to IS: 4694-1968
(Reaffirmed 1996) [1].................................................................................................................................. 41
Table 6 material selection for nut design [4].............................................................................................. 42
(Reaffirmed 1996) [1].................................................................................................................................. 42
Table 8 COST ANALYSIS............................................................................................................................... 44
Table 9 result table...................................................................................................................................... 46
(Reaffirmed 1996)........................................................................................................................................58
Table 11 Bolt standard dimensions.............................................................................................................58
Table 12 Nut standard dimensions.............................................................................................................58
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1
Chapter-1
1. Introduction
Engineering design is an activity to ensure fitness for service.
Engineering is the application of scientific, economic, social, and practical knowledge in order
to design, build, and maintain structures, machines, devices, systems, materials and processes [R-
4]. It may encompass using insights to conceive, model and scale an appropriate solution to a
problem or objective. The discipline of engineering is extremely broad, and encompasses a range
of more specialized fields of engineering, each with a more specific emphasis on particular areas
of technology and types of application. Engineering is the act of directing the great source of
power in nature for the use and convenience of man [Macaulay Owlet Stanley (2012), Tredgold
(1827)], Engineers, like artist start with blank sheet of paper on which ideas develop and take
conceptualized shapes. In the ancient time, man applied engineering knowledge to reduce
difficult and complex task to easy and simplified task. Within the context of car jack design, this
primarily involves strength considerations and can handle the adequate amount of weight with a
provided space.
1.1 Overview of scissor car jack

A jack is mechanical device used to lift heavy loads or apply great forces. Jacks employ a screw
thread or hydraulic cylinder to apply very high linear forces. A mechanical jack is a device
which lifts heavy equipment. Car jacks usually use mechanical advantage to allow a human to
lift a vehicle by manual force alone. More powerful jacks use hydraulic power to provide more
lift over greater distance. The mechanical advantage is the factor by which a mechanism
multiplies the force or torque applied to it. An automotive jack is a device used to raise all or part
of a vehicle into the air in order to facilitate repairs. Most people are familiar with the basic auto
jack that was still included as standard equipment with newest cars. These days, fewer people
than ever have had to use a car jack. This is due to the continuing improvements in modern tires
that have made “getting a flat” rare. Even so, people who like to rotate their tires themselves or
who may install snow tires before the winter and remove them in the spring need to use a jack to
perform the job [4].
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1.1 Classification of Car Jack

Based on their working mechanism jacks can be classified into two main categories [1]:
A. Mechanical jack
B. Hydraulic jack
A. Mechanical jack
A mechanical jack is a device which lifts heavy equipment. The most common form is a car jack,
floor jack or garage jack which lifts vehicles so that maintenance can be performed. Car jacks
usually use mechanical advantage to allow a human to lift a vehicle by manual force alone. More
powerful jacks use hydraulic power to provide more lift over greater distances. Mechanical jacks
are usually rated for maximum lifting capacity.
Types of mechanical jacks are:
i. Scissor jack
ii. screw jack
i. Scissor jack: are the simplest mechanism used to drives large loads short distance. The
power screw design of a common scissor jack reduces the amount of force required by
user to drive the mechanism. It much likely a scissor jacks to lift up a vehicle for repair
or storage. It typically works with just a vertical manner.
A scissor jack uses a simply theorem of gears to gets its power as the screw section is
turned, two ends of links jack move closer together because the gears of the screw are
pushing up the arms. The amount of force being multiplied will take a very small
amount of force to form the crank handler.
ii. screw(cylindrical) Jacks: a device which is uses a high mechanical advantage that may be
operated by using either:
(a) Rotating the screw when the nut is fixed; or
(b) Rotating the nut and preventing rotation of the screw.
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Bottle jacks mainly consist of a screw, a nut, thrust bearings, and a body. A stationary platform is
attached to the top of the screw. This platform acts as a support for the load and also assists it in
lifting or lowering of the load. These jacks are sturdier than the scissor jacks and can lift heavier
loads.
Figure 1- mechanical bottle jack sample

B. Hydraulic jack
A hydraulic jack uses a fluid, which is incompressible, that is forced into a cylinder by a pump
plunger. Oil is used since it is self-lubricating and stable. When the plunger pulls back, it draws
oil out of the reservoir through a suction check valve into pump chamber. When the plunger
moves forward, it pushes the oil through a discharge check valve into the cylinder. The suction
valve ball is within the chamber and opens with each draw of the plunger. The discharge valve
ball is outside the chamber and opens when the oil is pushed into the cylinder. At this point the
suction ball within the chamber is forced shut and oil pressure builds in the cylinder.
Types of hydraulic jacks are:
i. Floor Jack
ii. Bottle Jack
i. Floor jack: In a floor jack (aka 'trolley jack') a horizontal piston pushes on the short end of
A bell crank, with the long arm providing the vertical motion to a lifting pad, kept horizontal
with a horizontal linkage. Floor jacks usually include castors and wheels, allowing compensation
for the arc taken by the lifting pad. This mechanism provides a low profile when collapsed, for
easy maneuvering underneath the vehicle, while allowing considerable extension.
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Figure 2-hydraulic floor jack sample
ii. Bottle Jack: A bottle jack or whiskey jack is a jack which resembles a bottle in shape, having
a cylindrical body and a neck. Within is a vertical lifting ram with a support pad of some kind
fixed to the top. The jack may be hydraulic or work by screw action. In the hydraulic version the
hydraulic ram emerges from the body vertically by hydraulic pressure provided by a pump either
on the base plate or at a remote location via a pressure hose. With a single action piston, the lift
range is somewhat limited, so its use for lifting vehicles is limited to those with a relatively high
clearance. For lifting structures such as houses the hydraulic interconnection of multiple vertical
jacks through valves enables the even distribution of forces while enabling close control of the
lift.
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Figure 3-hydraulic bottle jack
1.3 Mechanical scissor car jack
1.3.1 Definition of Mechanical scissor car jack
A scissor jack is a device constructed with a cross-hatch mechanism, much like a scissor, to lift
up a vehicle for repair or storage. A scissor jack is a device which is used to lift heavy vehicles,
partially or fully in the air for breakdown and maintenance. Scissor jack includes one power
screw which is rotating, two fixed nuts, four links which is connected to nuts, eight pins used to
fix that four links, two rings provided at screw end and load platform supported by upper two
links [9].
1.3.2 Working principle of mechanical scissor jack

A scissor jack uses a simple theory of gears to get its power. As the screw section is turned, two
ends of the jack move closer together. Because the gears of the screw are pushing up the arms,
the amount of force being applied is multiplied. It takes a very small amount of force to turn the
crank handle, yet that action causes the brace arms to slide across and together. As this happens
the arms extend upward. The car's gravitational weight is not enough to prevent the jack from
opening or to stop the screw from turning, since it is not applying force directly to it. If you were
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to put pressure directly on the crank, or lean your weight against the crank, the person would not
be able to turn it, even though your weight is a small percentage of cars [4].
1.3.3 Components of Mechanical Scissor Jack

Following are the main components of mechanical scissor jack [1]:
 Lifting members
 Power screw
 Connecting member
 pins
 base plate
 Bolt,
 Nut
 washer
 Power screw Handle
 Cup(break)
a. Lifting members: These members are made from simple c-shapes. The web of the lifting
member is cut out near the pin connections to allow proper serviceability of the scissor jack at its
maximum and minimum heights.
Figure 4 lifting member
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b. Power screw: Power screws are used to convert rotary motion in to translational motion. It is
also called translational screw. They find use in machines such as universal tensile testing
machines, machine tools, automotive jacks, vises; aircraft flap extenders, trench braces, linear
actuators, adjustable floor posts, micrometers, and C-clamps. A screw thread is formed by
cutting a continuous helical groove around the cylinder. These grooves are cut either left hand or
right hand. The power screw is a single Acme threaded screw with collar at both ends, with one
end in contact with Member and the other end having a square key way to enable the
transmission of torque from the gears. The collar is assumed to be frictionless and the power
screw has been designed to be self-locking.
Figure 5 power screw
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C. Connecting member: These fasteners as used to fully transfer the applied load from the break,
to the rivet, which connects the upper arm with the fastener.
Figure 6-connecting member
d. Pins: The pins are used as fasteners at the various joints of the members. The existence of the
jack will depend on the ability of the pin not to fail under sudden shear, tensional and
compressive forces. They are used to hold parts together or limit travel of moving parts.
Figure 7 pin
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E. Base plate: the base plate should with stand the applied load plus the whole component or
linkage load by itself, the force, we have to select the material during the design process in order
to resist the above all loads.
Figure 8 Lower base plate
Figure 9-upper base plate
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F. Bolt: is a threaded fastener designed to pass through holes in the mating members and to be
secured by tightening a nut from the end opposite head of the nut. The body of the bolt, called
shank is cylindrical in form and the head square or hexagonal in shape is formed by forging.
Figure 10 bolt at the upper plate
Figure 11 bolt at the lower plate
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G. Nut: is a threaded fastener used to hold two parts together and Nuts in general are square or
hexagonal in shape. The nuts with internal threads engage with the corresponding size of the
external threads of the bolt. For nuts, hexagonal shape is preferred to the square one, as it is easy
to tighten even in a limited space. This is because, with only one-sixth of a turn, the spanner can
be re-introduced in the same position.
Figure 12-Nut
H. Washer: Washer is simply a flat, doughnut-shaped part that serves to increase the area of
contact between the bolt head or nut and the clamped part. A washer is a thin plate (typically
disk-shaped) with a hole (typically in the middle) that is normally used to distribute the load of
a threaded fastener, such as a screw or nut.
In general, they are used for the purpose of:
 To prevent the loosening of the associated screw, bolt, and nut

 To distribute the compressive force over areas larger than that of the head or the nut,
 In order to decrease the friction that occurs when nut is tightened, especially when the
surface of the part is having poor surface finish.
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Figure 13 washer
I. Driving handle: The handle is used for lifting mechanism to those applied loads by engaging
the handle and power screw driver in order to lifting and lowering the desired load.
Figure 14 handle
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J. cup (break): This cup is subjected to compressive stress and bending stress which is placed at
the top of the frame and should with stand the applied load without failure.
Figure 15 Cup (break)
1.4 Background
Before the invention of weight lifting device such as screw jack, hydraulic jack, crane, etc., the
early man applies a crude way of lifting objects to great heights through the use of ropes and
rollers, which was mostly applied in the construction area, where, it was used to raise mortar.
After the industrial revolution, with the advent of Machine, the Machine Shop was also faced
with the challenge of load lifting, because of the bulkiness of some Machine parts. The Machine
Shop deals with various components made of metal, rubber, ceramics, polymers, etc., assembled
mechanically to move people and goods from one place to the other. Because of the interface
between the Machine and human lives, there is need for standardization of its component parts to
improve its performance and efficiency and to reduce failure. For this reason, care has to be
taken during production and assembly of its component parts. Many tools and equipment used in
the Machine Shop are designed to help the personnel working in a production facility. Other
tools are produced to help the operators of the machine. Such tools include the lifting device,
generally called jack. This report presents the study of a scissors lift for the Machine Shop.
The virtues of using a screw as a machine, essentially an inclined plane wound round a cylinder,
was first demonstrated by Archimedes in 200BC with his device used for pumping water.
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There is evidence of the use of screws in the Ancient Roman world but it was the great Leonardo
da Vinci, in the late 1400s, who first demonstrated the use of a screw jack for lifting loads.
Leonardo’s design used a threaded worm gear, supported on bearings, that rotated by the turning
of a worm shaft to drive a lifting screw to move the load - instantly recognizable as the principle
we use today. We can’t be sure of the intended application of his invention, but it seems to have
been relegated to the history books, along with the helicopter and tank, for almost four centuries.
It is not until the late 1800s that we have evidence of the product being developed further.
With the industrial revolution of the late 18th and 19th centuries came the first use of screws in
machine tools, via English inventors such as John Wilkinson and Henry Audley The most
notable inventor in mechanical engineering from the early 1800s was undoubtedly the
mechanical genius Joseph Whitworth, who recognized the need for precision had become as
important in industry as the provision of power .A screw jack that has a built-in motor is now
referred to as a linear actuator but is essentially still a screw jack.
Whitworth’s have become internationally famous for their precision and quality, and dominated
the market from the 1850th. Inspired young engineers began to put whit worth’s machine tools to
new uses. During the early 1880th in Coati cook, a small town near Quebec, a 24-year-old
inventor named Frank Henry Sleeper designed a lifting jack. Like da Vinci’s jack, it was a
technological innovation because it was based on the principle of the ball bearing for supporting
a load and transferred rotary motion, through gearing and screw, in to linear motion for moving
the load. The device was efficient, reliable and easy to operate. It was used in the construction of
bridges, but mostly by the rail road industry, where it was able to lift locomotives and railway
cars. Arthur Osmoses Norton spotted the potential for sleeper’s design and in 1886th hired the
young man and purchased the patent and then Norton jack was born. Over the coming years the
famous Norton jack were manufactured at plants in Boston, Coati cook, Moline and Illinois.
Meanwhile, in Alleghany County near Pittsburgh in 1883, an enterprising Mississippi river boat
captain named Josiah Barrett had an idea for a ratchet jack that would pull barges together to
form a tow. The idea was based on the familiar lever and fulcrum principle and he needed
someone to manufacture it. That person was Samuel Duff, proprietor of a machine shop.
Together they created the Duff Manufacturing Company, which by 1890 had developed new
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applications for the original Barrett jack and extended the product line to seven models in
varying capacities.
After the industrial revolution, with the advent of Machine, the Machine Shop was also faced
with the challenge of load lifting, because of the bulkiness of some Machine parts. The Machine
Shop deals with various components made of metal, rubber, ceramics, polymers, etc., assembled
mechanically to move people and goods from one place to the other. Because of the interface
between the Machine and human lives, there is need for standardization of its component parts to
improve its performance and efficiency and to reduce failure. For this reason, care has to be
taken during production and assembly of its component parts. Many tools and equipment used in
the Machine Shop are designed to help the personnel working in a production facility. Other
tools are produced to help the operators of the machine. Such tools include the lifting device,
generally called jack [4].
1.5 Statement of The Problem

Nowadays in this country, most of the cars were equipped with the scissor car jack. We found
that the car jack were very difficult to be used especially by women, we want to develop a
product based from the problem faced by the users who drive a car regarding to this issue. To
overcome this problem, a research has been conducted to find the solution on how to design a car
jack for the car using the simplest and cheapest way while it is energy saving. Although there
Swere many ways to solve this problem, we recommend that the design this car jack system is
the practical way when we considered all the factors and consequences especially about the
analysis to develop this product. During the research, we have found that most of the car user has
difficulties in maintaining their vehicles breakdown especially cars in the scope of changing tires.
The normal car jack we have in the market is operated using bare hands and it is time consuming.
It also requires much energy from the person to rotate the jack. Hence, this report had been
prepared to recommend the design of the car jack that is user friendly and easier to operate as do
not required too much money to develop this product.
1.6 Objective of Design
1.6.1 Main Objective

The main objective of this project is to design Mechanical scissor car jack that has the capacity
to increase or decrease position of vehicle based on the given specification.
1.3.2 Specific Objectives

The specific objective in this design is to design scissor jack that can lift 1500 Kg car to
maximum 375 mm and minimum 100 mm length.Specificaly we are aimed to:-
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 Design of power screw

 Design of links (arms)
 Design of driving handle
 Design of connecting member
 Design of base plate
 Design of cup(break)
 Design of nut
 Design of Bolt
 Design of washer
 Design of pins
 Cost analysis for each components
 Geometric and force analysis of the jack
 Careful selection of appropriate material for each component
1.7 Scope and limitation of The Project

This project is about the designing of car jack. The type of car jack that we are asked in this was
project mechanical scissor car jack. The scope of this design project was on the detail design and
analysis of each component of mechanical scissor car jack and to draw out the detail drawing of
each component and assembly drawing using AutoCAD software with the help of optimization
concept and design procedure
Our project is to design mechanical scissor car jack based on the given specification but we are
limited to apply practical laboratory to check exactness of our result, there is lack of proper
internet access, the design was given too late and we are limited to apply the available time for
design purpose since we are taking other courses parallel.
1.8 Methodology
We use the following general methodology to achieve specified design specification
First the need wants to do is identified and then define our basic problem based on specification
then analysis and optimize the following component of the jack after selecting component
materials. After complete the analysis result and conclusion are mentioned finally generalized
presentation of components results aid with AUTO CAD is included.
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Main Components analyzed in designing process
 Lifting members
 Power screw
 Connecting member
 pins
 base plate
 Bolt,
 Nut
 washer
 Power screw Handless
 Cup(break)
we are initiated to design in a wise manner in order to have the capacity to operate easily by women’s
and elderly people hands easily and safely.
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Chapter-2
2. Litrature Review
Chetan S.Dhamak et al [7] presented their research on designing and optimization of mechanical
scissor jack at the same time maintaining its strength and service life. After they study failure
modes made a mathematical model analytically and by using ANSYS software. They concluded
that scissor jack is failed due to wear of teeth on both links at lower end, due to excessive use
and high impact on screw starts getting wear and head of jack starts bending due to the fatigue
load acting continuously again & again over the head.
A. S. Akinwonmi and A. Mohammed [8] presented their work on modification of the existing
motor screw jack by incorporating an electric motor in the screw in order to make load lifting
easier. In this modified design, the power screw is rotated through its connecting gear with the
pinion gear when electrical power flows through the cigarette lighter receptacle connected to the
motor, plugged to the automobile 12 V battery source to generate power for the prime mover
(Motor), which transmits its rotating speed to the pinion gear meshing with the bigger gear
connected to the Power screw to be rotated with required speed reduction and increased torque to
drive the power screw. They concluded that the modified design will save time, faster and easier
to operate and requires less human energy.
C.S.Dhamak et al [9] researched on design, optimize and standardize the current toggle jack to
make the task easier and reliable and to avoid field failure. They mainly focused on designing
and standardization of scissor jack model of automobile L.M.V. sector and trying for weight
reduction of scissor jack with good strength. They conclude that for safe design of screw and nut
a bearing pressure need to be considered and if we take combination of different material for
each pair of screw and nut so we can find best suitable material for design at maximum load.
Shashi Kant A. Podhale and Prof. S. V. Karanjkar [10] works on modification and analysis of
the current mechanical scissor jack by incorporating an electric DC motor in the screw in order
to make load lifting easier for lifting motor vehicles with using power of car batter (12
Volts).they conclude that The existing jack was modified by making small alteration and making
use of an electric motor to drive power screw, connecting gear with the pinion mounted on the
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motor shaft and then it will save time, be faster and easier to operate and requires less human
energy and additional work to operate.
From the pre researched journals we concluded that the power screw is rotated by electrical
motor to make load lifting easier, faster, easier to operate and take less human energy and scissor
jack is failed due to wear of teeth on both links at lower end, due to excessive use and high
impact on screw starts getting wear and head of jack starts bending due to the fatigue load acting
continuously again & again over the head.
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Chapter -3
3. Detail Design and analysis

Table 1.spacification sheet
Design of mechanical scissor jack
Parameters Value Unit
Weight of vehicle 1500 Kg
Maximum height of jack 375 mm
Minimum height of jack 100 mm
3.1 Geometric analysis

The geometry of the scissor jack fit the specified maximum and minimum height should be
determined first. The geometry can be determined by common geometric analysis methods as
follow [7].
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Figure 16 simplified double scissor jack
Figure 17 Dimension of scissor jack
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Assume: a = 30mm is common for the standard jacks for bottom and upper plates. Maximum
height jack stand is: -
H max = h + 2a
H max = h+ 60; when h max = 375mm
hmax = 315mm
For maximum and minimum height length of the link should be calculated
hmax = Lsinθ1 + Lsinθ2; when θ1 = θ2 = θ
hmax =2Lsinθ
L = 2sinθ
hmax
L = 315/2sinθ
We have seen above that how to calculate the values of links at maximum height and minimum
height; but in order to get exact values of the links; we should have to iterate the values of length
of links when angle can be varied.
Let’s θ1 = θ2 = θ = 30°
L = 315/2sin30° = 315mm
The iteration at different angle’s like θ = 30°, 35°,40°,45°,50°,55°,60°,65°,70° and also find
angle of β
When β + θ + 90° = 180°
β = 90° – θ
Table 2 Table of length and angle on different given angle.
θ1=θ2=θ 30⁰ 35⁰ 40⁰ 45⁰ 50⁰ 55⁰ 60⁰ 65⁰ 70⁰
L(mm) 315 274.6 245 222.7 205.6 192.3 181.9 173.8 167.6
Β 60⁰ 55⁰ 50⁰ 45⁰ 40⁰ 35⁰ 30⁰ 25⁰ 20⁰
Depend on the above value of L, we have to get the value that approximate or equal to the
change of weight by making change of height unknown and using the above length at each angle
of inclination
h = 2Lsinθ
22
23
Let at L =315mm and θ = 30⁰

h = 2(315) sin30⁰ = 315mm
Then iterate change of height for different angle’s like
θ = 30⁰,35⁰,40⁰,45⁰,50⁰,55⁰,60⁰,65⁰,70⁰
Table 3 Table of change of height jack lift at different angle.
θ1=θ2=θ 30⁰ 35⁰ 40⁰ 45⁰ 50⁰ 55⁰ 60⁰ 65⁰ 70⁰
L(mm) 315 274.6 245 222.7 205.6 192.3 181.9 173.8 167.6
h 315 315 314.9 315 315 315 315 315.2 315
Then from the above table we have seen that different change of height for different L and θ
which means that for the maximum height jack stand the length of the link should be L=315mm
and the maximum angle the jack should be stand is θ = 30⁰.
Now for the jack when it is on its minimum height we have only on inclination because the link
length would not change.
H min= 2a + hmin
H min =2(30) + 2LSin θ; when H min =100mm and L=315mm
Figure 18 angles between links
θ =Sin-l (40/630)
θ = 3.64⁰ = θ1= θ2 and also the angle of β =180-90-θ; when θ=3.64⁰

β=86.36⁰
Therefore, we have found the values of links and angles of inclination
23
24
L = 315mm, θ =3.64⁰ and β=86.36⁰
3.2 Force analysis

The force analysis consideration is based on the assumption that; the scissor jack holds vertically
symmetrical [4].
Figure 19 Force analyses FBD
Maximum mass=1500kg
W=mg=1500kg*9.81m/s2=14715N
F = FA + FB
AO = OB= CP = PD
14715N
FA = FB = 2
N = 7357.5N
At maximum raising height of the jack, = θmin =3.64⁰

F 7 57 5䁈
FAE=cos =cos h4⁰
=7372.37N
Hence (|FAE| = |FCE| = |FBF| = |FDF| =7372.37N)

FE = FAE*sin β + FCE*sin β
FE=2*FAE*sin
FE=2*7372.37N *sin h4⁰=936.1N
FE=FF=936.1N (because of vertically symmetrical)
θ, at minimum raising height of the jack, = θmax =86.36⁰
7 57 5䁈
FAE=cos =cos h h⁰
=115889.4N
24
25
Hence (|FAE| = |FCE| = |FBF| = |FDF| =115889.4N)
FE=FAE*sin h h⁰+FCE*sin h h⁰
FE=2*FAE*sin h h⁰=2*115889.4*sin h h⁰=231311.2N

FE=FF=231311.2N (tensile force in the power screw)
Since the maximum loading force will act at the minimum raising height of the jack, the design
stresses will be analyzed at that point
3.3 Design of each components
3.3.1 Design of the Power Screw

Power screws are used to convert rotary motion in to translational motion. It is also called
translational screw. They find use in machines such as universal tensile testing machines,
machine tools, automotive jacks, vises; aircraft flap extenders, trench braces, linear actuators,
adjustable floor posts, micrometers, and C-clamps. A screw thread is formed by cutting a
continuous helical groove around the cylinder. These grooves are cut either left hand or right
hand. The power screw is a single Acme threaded screw with collar at both ends, with one end in
contact with Member and the other end having a square key way to enable the transmission of
torque from the gears. The collar is assumed to be frictionless and the power screw has been
designed to be self-locking. A power screw is advice used in machinery to change angular
motion in to linear and usually, to transmit power. This must have adequate strength to with
stand axial load and the applied torque [1].
Material selection
25
26
The life span of the jack will depend greatly on the type of materials used for each component to
avoid failure.
We select carbon steel material to design bolts because of:

 Good machinability
 Good ductility
 High strength
 Wear resistance
 Ease of producing component parts
 Economical
For 35% carbon steel:
 tensile strength = 485 MN/m2

 Yield strength = 345 MN/m2 .
 Factor of Safety = 3
Dimensional analysis
Tensile strength
The design stress,δd = Fs
W
Total axial force in screw (F), F =tan θ; Hence, the axial force (F) in a screw is maximum when (θ)
is minimum.
14715N
F= = 2 1 11 2N
tan h4
δyt 4 5
Design stress, δd = = = 1h1 7MN/m2
Fs
F 2 1 11 2N 2 1 11 2N
δd = = ⟹A= = 0 0014 m2
A A 1h1 7 × 10h
πdc2 4A 4 ×0 0014 m2
A= 4
⟹ dc = π
=
π
=0.04267m
dc = 0.04267m = 42.67mm
From appendices, Table A.1, say dc = 44mm standard size.
26
27
Core diameter (dc) = 44mm
Outer diameter (do) = 52mm
do+dc
Mean diameter (dm ) = 2
= 47.5mm
Pitch (p) = 8mm
Root diameter (dr ) = do − p ⟹ dr = 52 − = 44mmS
Figure 21 Thread geometry analysis
Where P= pitch of the screw
d= mean diameter of the screw
α=helix angle
for square thread take µ from 0.1 -0.15; take µ=0.14
Friction angle, ϕ = tan−1 μ ⟹ ϕ = tan−1 0 14 = 0
P
Helix angle, α = tan−1 ( πdm ) ⟹ α = tan−1 ( π(47 5) ) = 070
Force analysis:
W 14715N
Total axial force in power screw, (F) = tan θmin
= tan h4⁰
= 2 1 11 2N
Effort required to raise the load, (Pr )= W tan( + 07 ) = 14715N × tan 11 07 = 2 7 97N
dm
Turning moment of the screw to raise the load, (Tr ) = W 2
tan (ϕ + α)
47 5
Tr = 14715N( 2
) tan ( + 07 );
27
28
Tr = 68375.5Nmm = 68.3755Nm
The power screw is self-lock because;
α< ϕ, i.e. 3.07<8; the load will remain in position after removal of the effort.
The effort required to lower the load will be,
Pl = W tan − 07 = 14715N × tan 4 9 =1269.3N
47 5
The turning moment required to lower the load, Tl = W 2
tan ( − 07) = 14715 ×
2 75 × tan 4 9 =30145.45Nmm=30.145Nm
Wdm 14715∗47 5
Required torque, Tf = 2 tan θmin × tan( α + ϕ) = 2 tan h4
× tan 11 07 = 1074 22 h9Nmm
1−sin ϕ 1−sin
Efficiency of threads, η = 1+sin ϕ = 1+sin = 0 75h = 75 h%
Tf 1074 22 h9
Actual torque required, T = η
= 0 75h
= 142172 Nmm = 1421 72 Nm
Strength analysis:
δyt 4 5
δall = = = 1h1 h7MN/m2
fs
δyt 4 5
τall = = = 0 MN/m2
2F s h
4W 4×14715
The direct tensile stress in screw body, δt = πdc2 = = 9 h77MN/m2
π442
1hTr 1h×h 755

Shear stress due to torque, τs = πdc = π×44
= 0 0040 MN/m2
δt 1 9 h77
Maximum principal stress theory, δmax =
2
+
2
δt2 + 4 × τs2 =
2
+
1
2
9 h772 + (4 × 0 0040 2) = 9 h77MN/m2
The design is safe, because δmax < δall, i e 9 h77MN/m2 < 1h1 h7MN/m2
δt 9 h77 2
Maximum shear stress theory, τmax = ( 2 )2 + τs2 = ( 2
) + 0 0040 2 =
4 5MN/m2
28
29
The design is safe, because τmax < τall, i e 4 5MN/m2 < 0 MN/m2
3.3.2 Design of connecting member

These fasteners as used to fully transfer the applied load from the break, to the rivet, which
connects the upper arm with the fastener. The applied force at two points will have same
magnitude (FA = FB = /2) and this loads FA and FB on the two rivets will be transferred to the
arms [1].
Figure 22 connecting member
Figure 23 Top fastener strength analyses
Material selection
29
30
avoid failure.
Good machinability
Good ductility
High strength
Wear resistance
Ease of producing component parts
Economical
Tensile strength = 485 MN/m2
Yield strength = 345 MN/m2 .
Factor of Safety = 3
δyt 4 5
τall = = = 0 MN/m2
2F s 2 ×
4F
n= , where Pb are bearing pressure 24 − 5hMN/m²
π do − dc2 Pb
2
4 × 2 1 11 2N
n= = 10 9h ≈ 12
π 522 − 442 5
Length of side member, (l)= n × P = 12 × = 9hmm
Height of side member, (h)= 2 5 × do = 2 5 × 52 = 1 0mm
Check for shear failure of side member threads,
F
τmax =
P
n × π × dc ×
2
30
31
F 2 1 11 2
τmax = = = 4 hMN/m²
P
n × π × dc × 12 × π × 44 ×
2 2
Therefore, the design is safe, because τmax < τall, i e 4 hMN/m2 < 0 MN/m2 .
3.3.3 Design of lifting Links

These members are made from simple c-shapes. The web of the lifting member is cut out near
the pin connections to allow proper serviceability of the scissor jack at its maximum and
minimum heights [4].
Material selection
avoid failure.
Good machinability
Good ductility
High strength
Wear resistance
Economical
31
32
Tensile strength = 485 MN/m2
Yield strength = 345 MN/m2 .
Factor of Safety = 3
From dimension and force analysis:
Length of lifting member, (L) = 315mm
Force in a lifting member at minimum raising height of the jack, (FAE) = 115889.4N
yield strength 45
Design stress, δd = Fs
= = 115MN/m2
fa1 fa1
δd ≥ ⟹A≥
A δd
115 9 4N
A≥ ⟹ A ≥ 0 0010077m2
115 × 10h
A ≥ 1007 7mm2
For design consideration an area of lifting member, (AL ) = 1050mm2 will be chosen.
fa1 115 9 4N
Tensile strength, δx = = 1050mm2
= 110 7MN/m2
A
From the maximum distortion energy theorem; where δy = 0 and τxy = 0
δmax = δx2 + δy2 − δxδy + τxy2
δmax = 110 h2 + 0 − 0 + (0) =110.37MN/m2
The design is safe, because δd > δmax;i e 115MN/m2 > 110 7MN/m2
Design of the links for buckling
Effective length i L e = l × C; where L = 315mm and C = 1.0 (for pinned-pinned fixity
Le=315×1.0=315mm
The crippling load, Pcr = F s × F = × 115 9 4N = 47hh 2N
32
33
3.3.4 Design for cup at the top (break)

This cup is subjected to compressive stress and bending stress which is placed at the top of the
frame and should with stand the applied load without failure [4].
Figure 25 cup at the top (break)
Material selection
avoid failure.
We select steel alloy4340 material to design bolts because of:

 Good ductility
 High strength
 Wear resistance
 Economical
For steel alloy 4340
 normalized(@8700)
 σy =862MPa
 σult = 1200MPa
 n=2.5
33
34
σy h2
all = n
= 25
=344.8MPa
sy
max = n
but sy = 0.577 y
0 577 y
max = n
0 577∗ h2
max = 25
=198.95MPa
Now axial compressive stress
all = F / A; where A = b * w =50mm * 10mm = 500mm2 =0.0005m2
σ = 14715N / 0.0005m2 =29.43MPa
Since σ < all ; 29.43MPa<198.95MPa it safe.
When all =198.95MPa and F = 14715N area should be
F
A= = 14715N / 198.95Mpa = 7.4*10-5m2
all
3.3.5 Design of pins

The pins are used as fasteners at the various joints of the members. The existence of the jack will
depend on the ability of the pin not to fail under sudden shear, tensional and compressive forces.
They are used to hold parts together or limit travel of moving parts [1].
34
35
Figure 26 pins
Material selection
The material selection is done by first taking less expensive steel material, which is to be
changed depending upon the various outcomes of the design procedure (Strength analysis).The
life span of the jack will depend greatly on the type of materials used for each component to
avoid failure.
We select steel, AISI 1006(HOT ROLLED) material to design bolts because of:
 Good ductility
 High strength
 Wear resistance
 Economical
 Tensile Strength (δut) = 300 MPa
 Yield Strength (δy) = 170 MPa
 Factor of safety = 3
For a circular member (pin) subjected to bending the maximum shear stress occurs at the
V
bending neutral axis. Thus,τmax = 4A where V = the shear force applied on the pin.
V = FA = 7357.5N (from force analysis)
35
36
δut 00
Design stress, δd = = = 100MN/m2
Fs
F 115 9 4N 115 9 4N
δd = = ⟹A= = 0 00115 94m2 = 115 9mm2
A A 100 × 10h
πd2 4 × 115 9
A= ⟹d= = 41 mm
4 π
δyt 170
τall = = =2 MN/m²
2F s h
× 7 57 5
τmax = = 4 7hMN/m²
4 × 0 00115 94
The design is safe, because τmax < τall;i e 4 7hMN/m2 < 2 MN/m2
3.3.6 Design of the driving handle

The handle is used for lifting mechanism to those applied loads by engaging the handle and
power screw driver in order to lifting and lowering the desired (certain load). The normal person
can apply a force from 150N – 350N. For our case I have choose a force of (F= 180N) [4].
Figure 27 driving handle
Material selection
avoid failure.
We select steel 1030 material to design bolts because of:
36
37
 Good ductility
 High strength
 Wear resistance
 Economical
For steel 1030
 Normalized
 σult =520MPa
 σy = 345MPa
 n = 1.5
Ssy = 0.577* σy = 0.577 * 345 = 199.065
σy
all = n =345 / 1.5 =230MPa
Considering bending moment about A

ΣMA = 0
MA = F * r = 180N * 80mm
MA = 14.4Nm
Note: It is also taken as torque since it’s due to rotational effect about A.
The combined stress due to the bending moment and torque developed can be determined as
follows:
MA πd4
σb = I
; where I = h4
and d = 28mm
2M 2∗14 4
σb = πd
= π∗0 2
; σb = 6.68Mpa
Which implies σb < all ; therefore our design is safe.
3.3.7 Design of base plate

Here the base plate should with stand the applied load plus the whole component or linkage load
by itself, the force, we have to select the material during the design process in order to resist the
above all loads [4].
37
38
Figure 28 Lower base plate
Figure 29 upper base plate
Figure 30 drawing of base plate
Material selection
38
39
avoid failure.
We select steel having AISI-1030 material to design bolts because of:
Good machinability
Good ductility
High strength
Wear resistance
Economical
3.3.8 Design of Bolt

Is a threaded fastener designed to pass through holes in the mating members and to be secured by
tightening a nut from the end opposite head of the nut The body of the bolt, called shank is
cylindrical in form and the head square or hexagonal in shape is formed by forging. Bolt joints
are one of the most common elements in construction and machine design. They consist of
fasteners that a capture and join other part and are secure with the mating of bolt joints designs or
screw threads.
There are two main type of bolted joint design:
1) Tension joint
2) Shear joint
In the tension joint the bolt and clamped component at the joint are designed to transfer the
external tension load through the joint by away of clamped component through the design of
proper balance of joint and bolt stiffness. The second type of bolted joint transfer the applied
load in a shear on the bolt shank and relies on shear strength of the bolt, tension loads on such
joints are only identically [1].
39
40
Figure 31 Bolt at upper plate
Figure 32 Bolt at lower plate
We select mild steel material to design bolts because of:
 easily workable
 very hard
 yet malleable
 good for construction
 easy to shape and machine
 Very flexible and can be harden.
Table 4 material selected for bolt design [4].
Steel grade Measured direction Yield strength(MPa) Tensile

strength(MPa)
Mild steel A 452 497
To design bolts we have taken all necessary parameter from Table .5, Basic dimensions for
square threads in mm (normal series) according to IS: 4694-1968 (Reaffirmed 1996)
40
41
Table 5 Basic dimensions for square threads in mm (normal series) according to IS: 4694-1968 (Reaffirmed 1996) [1].
Nominal Major Minor Pitch(p) Depth of Area of

diameter( 1) diameter(d) diameter( ) thread(h) core( )
52mm 52mm 44mm 8mm 4mm 1521mm2
3.3.9 Design of Nut

Is a threaded fastener used to hold two parts together and Nuts in general are square or hexagonal
in shape. The nuts with internal threads engage with the corresponding size of the external
threads of the bolt. For nuts, hexagonal shape is preferred to the square one, as it is easy to
tighten even in a limited space. This is because, with only one-sixth of a turn, the spanner can be
re-introduced in the same position [1].
Figure 33 Nut
We select mild steel material to design Nuts because of:
 easily workable
 very hard
 yet malleable
 good for construction
 easy to shape and machine
 very flexible and can be harden
41
42
Table 6 material selection for nut design [4].
Steel grade Measured direction Yield strength(MPa) Tensile

strength(MPa)
Mild steel A 452 497
To design nuts we have taken all necessary parameter from Table. 7- Basic dimensions for
square threads in mm (normal series) according to IS: 4694-1968 (Reaffirmed 1996)
Table 7 Basic dimensions for square threads in mm (normal series) according to IS: 4694-1968 (Reaffirmed 1996) [1].
Nominal Major Minor Pitch(p) Depth of Area of

diameter( 1) diameter(D) diameter( ) thread(H) core( )
52mm 52.5mm 44mm 8mm 4mm 1521mm2
3.3.10 Design of washer

Washer is simply a flat, doughnut-shaped part that serves to increase the area of contact between
the bolt head or nut and the clamped part. A washer is a thin plate (typically disk-shaped) with a
hole (typically in the middle) that is normally used to distribute the load of a threaded fastener,
such as a screw or nut.
In general, they are used for the purpose of:
 To prevent the loosening of the associated screw, bolt, and nut

 To distribute the compressive force over areas larger than that of the head or the nut,
 In order to decrease the friction that occurs when nut is tightened, especially when the
surface of the part is having poor surface finish [4].
42
43
Figure 34 Washer
Material selection
I n our design we select low alloy steel to design the washer because of:
 It has high working stress compared to others,
 Has high atmospheric corrosion resistance capacity
 Suitable to welding.
To calculate the outer diameter of the washer we can use the following formula:
DO washer=1.5DO screw+3mm
Where outer diameter of the screw is=52mm
DO washer=1.5*52mm+3mm=81mm
To calculate the thickness of the washer we use the following formula.
DO screw 52
twasher= = =6.5mm
Therefore, the outer diameter of the washer is=81mm
The thickness of the washer is=6.5mm
3.4 Cost Analysis

In this section we see the all cost the machine take to manufacture means cost for labor, cost for
each material, and cost of standard components of scissor jack.
Total cost of scissor jack
C Total =C manufacture + C labor +C standard
43
44
 Material cost:
Material cost means the cost of each material in project. Means the cost each material have
regarding its material property, the mass of each material have and cost it be sold per kilogram.
 Labor cost:
Labor cost means the cost of all components should have regarding its process of manufacturing
and time it take to manufactured. Not only this o
ne labor cost means expenditure made of on the salaries, wages, overtime, bonuses, etc. of the
employer of the inter price. In our design the labor cost takes 196.5birr.
 Standard cost:
Standard cost means the cost of standard material gated from shop.
As shown on the table of cost analysis below; the material cost and standard components cost
can be listed.
Table 8 COST ANALYSIS
Part name Qty Mass(k Material Cost/kg( Cost of raw

g) birr) material(birr)
Manufactured parts
Power screw 1 1.531 CARBON STEEL 17.23 26.379
Lifting link 4 1.62 Carbon steel 34.46 111.6504
Base plate 1 2.78 AISI 1030 16.5 45.87
Break 1 0.64 STEEL ALLOY 14 8.96

4340
Connecting 4 1.87 CARBON STEEL 17.23 128.88

member
44
45
Washer 8 0.52 LOW ALLOY 14 58.24

STEEL
Handle drive 1 0.233 MILD STEEL A 15.2 3.5416
Standard selected parts
Pin 8 AISI 1006 HR 75.32
Bolt 8 MILD STEEL A 53.63
Nut 8 MILD STEEL A 62.75
Total cost = 437.14 birr
Now, the total material cost is 437.14birr. Generally the total cost of scissor jack must be as my
project design is = 437.14 + 196.5 = 633.64birr
45
46
Chapter- 4
Result and discussion

4.1 Result
The following table shows the overall geometry of mechanical scissor jack:
Table 9 result table
Components Dimensions
1. power screw A= 14.4mm2

dc=44mm
do = 52mm
dm = 47.5mm
P= 8mm
dr= 44mm
ϕ=8°
α=3.64°
2.Connecting members l= 96mm

h= 130mm
3. Lifting members(Links) L= 315mm
Al = 1050mm2
Le = 315mm
4. Break(cup) b= 40mm
w=50mm
h= 30mm
5. Pin d= 38.413mm
A= 1158.89mm2
6. Driving handle hh =80mm
Lh=mm
46
47
7. Base plate l=144mm

w=75mm
h=50mm
8. Bolt d1=52mm
d=52mm
dc=44mm
P= 8mm
h=4mm
Ac =1521mm2
9. Nut d1= 52mm
D=52.5mm
dc= 44mm
P=8mm
H=4mm
Ac = 1521mm2
10. Washer do = 81mm
t= 6.5mm
4.2 Discussion:
In this process we have designed Power screw, connecting members, links, Cup, Pin, Driving
handle, base plate, bolt, nut, and washer. All of these components are designed by using
appropriate formulas for each and their factors of safety are checked for strength to avoid failures.
After we select the appropriate material for mechanical scissor jack design then try to perform
the geometrical analysis and force analysis of the mechanical scissor jack. Then we try to
calculate stress and strength analysis for each component.
47
48
Chapter-5
5.1 Bill of Material

PART NO, PART QTY, MADE OF MATERIAL
1` POWER 1 CARBON STEEL
SCREW
2 BASE PLATE 1 AISI 1030

3 LIFTING LINK 2 CARBON STEEL
4 DRIVING 1 1030 STEEL

HANDLE
5 CONNECTING 1 CARBON STEEL

MEMBER
6 BREAK(CUP) 1 STEEL ALLOY 4340

7 PIN 8 AISI 1006 HR
8 BOLT 8 MILD STEEL A
9 WOSHER 8 LOW ALLOY STEEL
10 NUT 8 MILD STEEL A
48
49
Chapter-6
Conclusion and Recommendation

6.1 Conclusion
This design project design a mechanical scissor car jack that has the capacity to raise vehicle
weight of 14715N.Then we try to perform geometric analysis, force analysis, stress analysis, part
drawing and assembly drawing. From this design analysis we got successful results. All analysis
of the mechanical scissor jack is feasible or applicable is safe with factor safety 2 to 3. And all
most all parts of the mechanical scissor jack can easily have manufactured in the work shop in
such manners. And in addition to that, by accomplishing this project of mechanical scissor jack
successfully we felt that we have obtained enough knowledge regarding this topic, with full of
satisfaction and forward the project to concerned.
6.2 Recommendation
Based on the problems face and achievements of the project, it is recommended for other future
designer notice the following points.
 Mechanical scissor jack design should include the shock, vibration and wobble
effect in which it was delivered with.
 In order to have accurate design results the components of the mechanical scissor
jack should be design by using Simulation software.
 The mechanical scissor jack should be test in laboratory before use.
 Mechanical scissor jack should be checked every time before and after we use
 Most of the cars were equipped with many different jacks. We found that many of
the car jacks were requires much Energy from the person to rotate the jack, this
condition is difficult to be used by women’s and elderly people. For this reason,
we recommend to design a mechanical scissor jack which work with electrical
induction motors
49
50
Chapter-7
AUTO CAD development

7.1 Part 3D drawing of mechanical scissor jack
50
51
Figure 37 connecting member
Figure 38 cup (break)
51
52
Figure 39 pin
Figure 40 handle
52
53
Figure 41 lower base plate
Figure 42 upper base plate
53
54
Figure 43 bolt at the upper plate
Figure 44 bolt at the lower plate
54
55
Figure 45 Nut
55
56
7.2 3D ASSEMBLY DRAWING
56
57
REFERENCE
[1]A text book of machine design, R.S. KHURMI & J.K. GUPTA, [A Textbook for the Students
of B.E. / B.Tech., U.P.S.C. (Engg. Services); Section ‘B’ of A.M.I.E. (I)] EURASIA
PUBLISHING HOUSE (PVT.) LTD. RAM NAGAR, NEW DELHI-110 055
[2]Shigley’s Mechanical engineering design 9th Edition; Richard G. Budynas and J.

KeithNisbett
[3] Vigaykumarjadon, sureshverme, analysis and design of machine element.
[4] WWW.Google.Com
[5] James, M. Gere (2006), “Mechanics of material” Sixth edition Chris Carson ISBN -
13:9780495073079. ISBN -10:0495073075 pages 150-300.
[6] Raymond, A. Higgins (1990), “Properties of Engineering Materials” 4thEdition, Edward

Arnold pp 348 ISBN 0340380349.
[7] ChetanS.Dhamak et alareview paper on design and optimization of mechanical scissor jack,
journal of Amrutvehini college engineering sangamner. [Ms], savitribaiphulepune university.
[8]A. S. Akinwonmi and A. Mohammed works on modification power screw of mechanical
scissor jack, Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Applied Sciences (JETEAS) 3 (4):
581-588.
[9] C.S Dhamak et alpresent his research on design and standardization of mechanical scissor
jack to avoid field failure, Department of Mechanical Engineering, SavitribaiPhule Pune
University, journal of Amrutvahini College of Engineering, Sangamner. [MS], India-422608.
[10] Shashikant A. Pekhale and Prof. S. V. Karanjkar works on Design Modification and
Analysis of Electrically Operated power screw for Light Motor Vehicles, journal of Institute of
Engineering Bhujbal Knowledge City ,Nashik
57
58
APPENDICES
Table 10 Basic dimensions for square threads in mm (normal series) according to IS: 4694-1968 (Reaffirmed 1996)
Table 11 Bolt standard dimensions
Table 12 Nut standard dimensions
ss
58

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DESIGN PROJECT TWO

MECHANICAL SCISSOR CAR JACK

1. Dawit Alemayehu 4342/08

Submited to:INSTRUCTOR MISGANAW ABEBAW

Submission date: 12/10/2011 E.C

3.3.5 Design of pins............................................................................................................................. 34

Table 1 .spacification sheet.......................................................................................................................... 20

1.1 Overview of scissor car jack

1.1 Classification of Car Jack

(a) Rotating the screw when the nut is fixed; or

(b) Rotating the nut and preventing rotation of the screw.

Figure 1- mechanical bottle jack sample

Figure 2-hydraulic floor jack sample

Figure 3-hydraulic bottle jack

1.3 Mechanical scissor car jack

1.3.1 Definition of Mechanical scissor car jack

1.3.2 Working principle of mechanical scissor jack

1.3.3 Components of Mechanical Scissor Jack

Figure 4 lifting member

Figure 5 power screw

Figure 6-connecting member

Figure 8 Lower base plate

Figure 9-upper base plate

Figure 10 bolt at the upper plate

Figure 11 bolt at the lower plate

In general, they are used for the purpose of:

 To prevent the loosening of the associated screw, bolt, and nut

Figure 15 Cup (break)

1.5 Statement of The Problem

1.6.1 Main Objective

1.3.2 Specific Objectives

 Design of power screw

1.7 Scope and limitation of The Project

Main Components analyzed in designing process

3. Detail Design and analysis

Design of mechanical scissor jack

Parameters Value Unit

Weight of vehicle 1500 Kg

Maximum height of jack 375 mm

Minimum height of jack 100 mm

3.1 Geometric analysis

Figure 16 simplified double scissor jack

Figure 17 Dimension of scissor jack

Table 2 Table of length and angle on different given angle.

Β 60⁰ 55⁰ 50⁰ 45⁰ 40⁰ 35⁰ 30⁰ 25⁰ 20⁰

Let at L =315mm and θ = 30⁰

Table 3 Table of change of height jack lift at different angle.

H min =2(30) + 2LSin θ; when H min =100mm and L=315mm

Figure 18 angles between links

θ = 3.64⁰ = θ1= θ2 and also the angle of β =180-90-θ; when θ=3.64⁰

L = 315mm, θ =3.64⁰ and β=86.36⁰

3.2 Force analysis

Figure 19 Force analyses FBD

At maximum raising height of the jack, = θmin =3.64⁰

Hence (|FAE| = |FCE| = |FBF| = |FDF| =7372.37N)

Hence (|FAE| = |FCE| = |FBF| = |FDF| =115889.4N)

FE=2*FAE*sin h h⁰=2*115889.4*sin h h⁰=231311.2N

3.3 Design of each components

FE=2FAEsin h h⁰=2115889.4sin h h⁰=231311.2N