SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF HIGH-RISE DIAGRID

STRUCTURE OF ELLIPTICAL PLAN WITH

DIFFERENT MODULE ANGLES
A Major Project Phase - 1 report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the award of the degree of

MASTER OF ENGINEERING
IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING
with specialization in Structural Engineering

by
SYEDA FAIZUNNISA
Roll No: 1603-19-741-003

Under the Supervision of

PROF. UROOJ MASOOD
&
Mr. M. A. AZEEM, Assistant Professor

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

DECCAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY
(Affiliated to Osmania University)
Darussalam, Hyderabad, Telangana – 500 001
January– 2021
 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
DECCAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY
(Affiliated to Osmania University)
Darussalam, Hyderabad, Telangana – 500 001

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the dissertation entitled “Seismic Analysis of High-Rise Diagrid
Structure of Elliptical Plan with Different Module Angles” submitted by Syeda
Faizunnisa bearing Roll No. 160319741003 in partial fulfillment of the requirement
for the award of Degree of Master of Engineering in Civil Engineering with
specialization in Structural Engineering to Osmania University (A), Hyderabad,
Telangana State, is a record of bonafide work carried out by her during the academic
year 2020-2021 under my supervision and that this work is not submitted elsewhere for
the award of any other degree.

Mr. M. A. Azeem Prof. Urooj Masood Dr. Mir Iqbal Faheem

Supervisor Supervisor Vice Principal & Head

ii
 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING (A)
OSMANIA UNIVERSITY, HYDERABAD
TELANGANA - 500007

M.E DISSERTATION EVALUATION SHEET

Name of the Candidate : SYEDA FAIZUNNISA

Roll No. : 1603-19-741-003

Specialization : Structural Engineering

Date of External Viva Voce : ______________________

Grade : ______________________

Signature of Chair Person,

Board of Studies in Civil Engineering, OU: ______________________

Signature of External Examiner : ______________________

Signature of Supervisor : ______________________

Signature of the Head, CED, OU

iii
 Declaration

I do hereby declare that the work reported in this dissertation titled “Seismic Analysis
of High-Rise Diagrid Structure of Elliptical Plan with Different Module Angles” has
been independently carried out under the guidance of Prof. Urooj Masood and Mr. M.
A. Azeem, Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Deccan College of
Engineering and Technology.

Except where specific reference is made to the works of others, the contents of this
dissertation are original and have never been submitted, in part or as a whole, to any
other university for any degree. The report is based on the project work done entirely
by me and not copied from any other source. This work has been submitted in partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the award of Master of Engineering in Structural
Engineering to Osmania University during the academic year 2020-2021.

Place: Hyderabad Syeda Faizunnisa

Date: (160319741003)

iv
 Acknowledgements
I would like to express my profound gratitude and sincere appreciation to Prof. Urooj
Masood & Mr. M. A. Azeem, Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering,
Deccan of Engineering and Technology for his professional technical advice, guidance
and willingness to make himself constantly available have been crucial to the
completion of this project.

I would also like to thank Prof. Mir Iqbal Faheem, Head of the Department of Civil
Engineering, Deccan College of Engineering and Technology, his strategic direction
and oversight of this research, particularly in the early stages and his ongoing advice
throughout the project.

I am thankful to Prof. M.A. Malik, Director and Principal, Deccan College of

Engineering and Technology for his constant zeal and supervision for the enormous
work he did to make us succeed in our approach to execution and towards completion
of the same under stipulated time frame.

Many thanks also go to my friends in the university and colleges.

I owe greatest debt of gratitude to my family for their continuous inspiration and
moralistic as well as financial support over the years.

Syeda Faizunnisa

v
 PLAGIARISM REPORT

SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF HIGH-RISE DIAGRID

Report Title: STRUCTURE OF ELLIPTICAL PLAN WITH
DIFFERENT MODULE ANGLES
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vi
 ABSTRACT
The quick increase of city populace and predicament of available land, the tall structures
are ideal now a days. So, while structure is going high then the consideration of lateral
load could be very much significant. For that the lateral resisting load system will
become greater essential than the structural system that resists the gravitational forces.
The lateral load resisting structures which might be extensively used are rigid frame,
shear wall, wall frame, braced tube system, outrigger system and tubular system. Lately
the Diagrid – diagonal grid structural system is specially used for excessive rise
buildings because of its structural capacity and aesthetic appealing provided via way of
means of the precise geometric composition of the system. Therefore, the Diagrid, for
effectiveness of structures and exquisiteness has produced rejuvenated interest from
structural and architectural designers of tall buildings.
ETABS software program is used for modeling and analysis of the models. Structural
members are all designed by the use of IS 800:2007 considering all load combinations.
The provisions stated in the code books specifically IS 800:2007, IS 1893(Part-1):2016,
IS 875(part-3):1987 and IS 16700:2017 are taken into consideration. All models are
designed for wind loads and earthquake loads with the aid of using Response spectrum
analysis. Fundamental time period, storey displacement, storey drift and base shear are
the various parameters which are compared in this study.

Keywords: Diagrid, Response spectrum analysis, ETABS etc.,

vii
 List of Contents
Plagiarism Report vi
Abstract vii
List of Figures ix
List of Tables x
Abbrevations xi

CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 1-4

1.1 General 1
1.2 Diagrid Structural System 2
1.3 Objectives of the Study 4
1.4 Scope of the Study 4

CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 5-7

2.1 General 5
2.2 Overview 5
2.3 Critical Appraisal 7

CHAPTER 3. METHODOLOGY 8-15

3.1 General 8
3.2 About Software ETABS 8
3.3 Method of Analysis 9
3.3.1 Response Spectrum Analysis 10
3.4 Loadings 11
3.5 Modelling 11
3.5.1 Model Data 11
3.6 Work Plan 14

CHAPTER 4. EXPECTED RESULTS 16

4.1 General 16

REFERENCES 17

CHECK FOR PLAGIARISM 19

viii
 List of Figures
Figure No. Description Page No.
1.1. First diagrid tower designed by Vladimir shukhov in 1922 3
1.2. SHUKHOV Tower (160-meter, Radio tower) 3
1.3. Swiss Re Building (London, England 41 floors -180 meters) 3
3.1. Plan 12
3.2. 3D Perspestive View 13

ix
 List of Tables
Table No. Description Page No.
3.1 Models to be Executed 15

x
 Abbreviations
LLRS = Lateral load resisting system
SMRF = Special moment resisting frame
VA = Variable angle
VD = Variable density
SDOF = Single degree of freedom
MDOF = Multi degree of Freedom
SRSS = Square root of sum of squares
CQC = Complete quadratic combination
OMRF = Ordinary moment resisting frame

xi
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION
1.1 General
Advances in construction technology, materials, structural models and
analytical techniques for evaluation and layout facilitated the increase of high-rise
building. The fast development of urban population and consequent pressure on limited
space has considerably affected the residential development of the cities. The
staggering expense of land, the desire to avoid a continuous urban sprawl, and the
requirement of preserving major productions of agriculture have all provided to drive
the residential buildings upward. However, as the height of the building increases, the
building became a symbol of prominence. Combined with the improvement in
fabrication and construction methods, it has pushed the height limit even further.

Major progressions in structural engineering made the way for development of

different structural systems for high rise buildings. As the height of the building
increases, the lateral load resisting system (LLRS) becomes more important than the
structural system that resists the gravity loads. A natural hazard like earthquake causes
damage to or collapse of the structure if not designed for lateral loads ensuing because
of earthquake. Therefore, for resistance of seismic high-rise structures it is crucial to
specify distinct Lateral load resisting system. The lateral load resisting systems that are
widely used are the following: rigid frames, shear wall, wall frame, braced tube system,
outrigger system and tubular system. The binary structural system including special
moment resisting frame (SMRF) and concrete Shear wall has greater seismic overall
performance because of progressed lateral stiffness and lateral strength. Amongst
successful resisting systems of lateral loads, steel bracing is one of the crucial ones. For
strengthening or retrofitting seismically insufficient reinforced concrete frames
utilization of steel bracing systems is a feasible solution for reinforcing earthquake
Recently in some high-rise structures, apart from the standard bracing systems, some
high-rises have been constructed with triangulated exterior structural members. This
system is known as the "Diagrid system" The Diagrid works as an effective lateral load
resisting system.

1
1.2 Diagrid Structural System
"Diagrid" is a blend of two words "diagonal" and "grid" and expresses to a
structural system which consists of unit-thickness in nature and is profitable for its
structural integrity via using Diagrid and has magnificent appearance and it is
recognized effortlessly. In diagrid structural systems the diagrid members can bring
gravity in addition to lateral loads because of their triangulated configuration. Diagrids
are greatly powerful in minimizing shear deformation because they bring about lateral
shear through axial movement of diagonal members. The difference between
conventional exterior braced frame structure and current diagrid structures is that, for
diagrid structures, almost all the conventional vertical columns are the structural
performance of diagrid system additionally facilitates in averting interior and corner
columns, consequently permitting considerable flexibility with the floor. In short, the
diagrid configuration allows for no exterior vertical element and promises good
structural efficiency and strength. Due to its structural factors which might be usually
positioned on the outdoors of the building, a diagrid system resembles a tube system.
The lateral stiffness of diagrid structures is suitable not only for linearly static loads
however additionally for dynamic loads which are generated due to Wind and seismic
action which generate responses in both the wind-ward and across wind directions. The
structures have to be checked for seismic and wind loads in order to determine which
method dominates the lateral load resistance.

Russian genuis Vladimir Shukhov originally introduced the diagonal structures.

New analytical techniques were developed by him in lots of exclusive fields. Shukhov
left an enduring legacy to early Soviet Russia constructive, and because the main
engineer mathematician at some stage in the overdue nineteenth and early twentieth
century he created hyperboloid, thin shell and tensile systems of extraordinary
refinement and elegance.

2
Some of the Diagrid structures are shown in below figures:

Figure 1.1: First diagrid tower designed by Vladimir shukhov in 1922

Figure 1.2: SHUKHOV Tower (160-meter, Radio tower)

Figure 1.3: Swiss Re Building (London, England 41 floors -180 meters)

3
 Diagrid are tremendously favoured by engineers and designers because of
increment in adaptability of the floor plan by eliminating the interior columns. It
simplifies the loading on the member where each member simply acts in tension or
compression without bending. Diagrid systems also have high redundancy as it can
easily redistribute its load when some members fail but does not change the overall
shape of the building. This has turned into a significant element in elevated structure,
for the security of the structure as well as for unintentional occasions like blast,
terrorism and so on.

1.3 Objectives of the Study

The objective of this study is to examine the basic structural behaviour of diagrid
structural system for different storey modules under Seismic and Dynamic wind loading
and suggesting the optimum diagrid model for the assumed diagrid models.

➢ To study the behaviour of the diagrid structural system for different type of
modules.
➢ To study the behaviour of the models with response spectrum analysis.
➢ To compare the Seismic and Dynamic wind analysis of each of the models and
study their performance.

1.4 Scope of the Study

In this Dissertation a High-Rise Diagrid Structure is Considered. Diagrid Structure of
Elliptical plan with different module angles is analysed. Response Spectrum Analysis
is used to study the behaviour of the structure. Seismic and Dynamic Wind Analysis of
each of the model is compared and their performance is studied. Further, Drift, Base
Shear and Moment, Torsion are obtained.

4
 CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 General
Numerous studies have been performed on High Rise Diagrid Structures. However,
most of them dealt with response of Diagrid Structures with different module angels
and base width., This Chapter consists of Seismic Analysis of High-Rise diagrid
Structure of Elliptical plan with different module angles.

2.2 Overview
[1]. Akshat, Gurpreet Singh (2018) this study reviews research published on the
structural performance of diagrid system. A first step toward a systematic and
comprehensive study is that regular patterns are compared to alternative
geometrical configurations, obtained by changing the angle of diagonals (variable-
angle, VA) as well as by changing the number of diagonal (variable-density, VD)
along the building height. Further it discusses about the different diagrid patterns
generated and designed for an assumed building; and how the resulting diagrid
structures are assessed under gravity and wind loads and various performance
parameters are evaluated on the basis of the analyses results.

[2]. Manthan I. Shah, Snehal V. Mevada, Vishal B. Patel (2016) in this study seven
steel buildings of identical base area and loadings with different heights are
designed for optimum sections for both structural systems diagrid and conventional
frame in ETABS. Fundamental time period, maximum top storey lateral
displacement, maximum base shear, steel weight, percentage differences in change
of steel weight, maximum storey displacement and maximum storey drift are the
various parameters which are considered in this study. A Diagrid structure
performs well than conventional frame structures and increase in steel weight with
increase in height of building is considerably less in diagrid structures.

[3]. Akshat, Gurpreet Singh (2018) in this study, a 60 storey tall building of height
216 m is analyzed. The plan dimension of the building is 48 m × 48 m. The tall
building is analyzed for lateral load due to earthquake in seismic zone IV. Different
shapes of the diagrid were used in the dynamic analysis by changing the angles of

5
 the diagonal elements. The analysis is performed by using ETABS software.
Response Spectrum Method is adopted for the dynamic analysis of the structure.
The number of diagonal elements are also varied on the façade of the structure for
the assessment of the economy. At last, secondary bracing system was also added
to it. The results of analysis are discussed in terms of Maximum storey
displacement, maximum storey drift and maximum storey shear.

[4]. Snehal S. Mali, D. M. Joshi, Roshni John (2017) the present work is made for
studying the response of high-rise building with different diagrid structural system.
To this aim response of four different diagrid structures of (G+30) storey are
carried out to obtain optimized position of diagrid. And response of this diagrid
building is compared with conventional building by providing same parameters to
both the buildings. The analysis of the building is carried out by using ETABS
software. The results obtained in terms storey displacement.

[5]. Khushbu Jani, Paresh V. Patel (2013) analysis and design of 36 storey diagrid
steel building is presented. A regular floor plan of 36 m × 36 m size is considered.
ETABS software is used for modeling and analysis of structural members. All
structural members are designed as per IS 800:2007 considering all load
combinations. Dynamic along wind and across wind are considered for analysis
and design of the structure. Load distribution in diagrid system is also studied for
36 storey building. Likewise, the design and analysis of 50, 60, 70 and 80 storey
diagrid structures are carried out. In contrast with the results of analysis in respect
of time period, displacement of top storey and Drift of inter-storey is represented
in this study.

[6]. Jatin B Tank, Ashwin G Hansora (2016) presents another way of varying angle
for diagrid, angle variation along the width, which has not been employed in any
real tall building. A regular floor plan of 40m*40m is taken into consideration for
36,48 and 60 storeyed diagrid structures with distinct variation in angles including
the width is taken into account. For the purpose of analysis and modelling of
structural members, ETABS software is utilized. Displacement, time period and
steel are are compared and are represented for various distinct angle diagrid
including width.

6
[7]. Mohammed Maqdoom Ali Shariq, Noor Mohammed Faiq, Dr A.Krishna
Niveditha (2020) presents a study in which comparison of 40 storied Diagrid
structural system of different uniform angles with respect to its base width is
presented here. In this study 10 steel building of same base area and loading are
modeled with different Diagrid module height for optimum model. For the purpose
of analysing structural members, ETABS software is utilized. As per IS 800:2007
the Structural members are designed by taking into account all the load
combinations. All models are designed for wind loads and earthquake loads by
using Response spectrum analysis. Fundamental time period, storey displacement,
storey drift, base shear and steel usage are the various parameters which are
compared in this study.

Mohammed Maqdoom Ali Shariq, Noor Mohammed Faiq, Dr.A.Krishna Nivedita

carried out the work on High Rise Diagrid structure with different module angles
and base width. In this study 10 different models of 40 storey steel building of same
base area and loading are modeled with different Diagrid module height for
optimum model. All models are designed for wind loads and earthquake loads by
using Response spectrum analysis. Fundamental time period, storey displacement,
storey drift, base shear, steel usage are the various parameters which are compared
in this study.

2.3 Critical Appraisal

As discussed in the above journals, various study has been done on diagrid structures
for a High-Rise Building on regular plan shapes with different module angles and also
in comparison with conventional frame structures. This Dissertation showcases the
Seismic Analysis of High-Rise Diagrid structure of Elliptical plan with different
module angles. The plan consists of 25 storeys with a total height of 87.5 m.

7
 CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY
3.1 General
Diagrid has exceptional look and its aesthetics are efficiently perceived. The
arrangement and productiveness of a Diagrid framework lower the amount of simple
structural element required at the façade of the structures, with much less obstruction
to the outdoor view. The simple productiveness of Diagrid framework likewise
facilitates in removing the inner and nook columns, as a consequence allowing
important adaptability with the floor Diagrid framework economizes about 20
percentage of the structural steel weight while contrasted with a conventional moment
frame structure.

The Diagrid module in Diagrid structural systems can bring each gravity loads
and lateral forces because of their Triangulated configuration. Diagrid structures are
gradually feasible in proscribing shear deformation due to the fact they bring lateral
shear through axial movement of diagonal module. Diagrid structures commonly no
longer consider excessive shear rigidity cores because lateral shear may be carried
through the diagonal members positioned at the capacity of a Diagrid system to expend
loads faster with lesser constructing materials, permit layout of greater complicated but
lighter structures, making it an efficient system for usage in sky scrapers and high-rise
buildings and specially permits the free form, flowing forms for tall buildings.

3.2 About Software ETABS

ETABS is a software package which is ultimately integrated for the purpose of analysis
of structures and building design. Unmatchable 3D object-based modeling is provided
by this software and tools of visualization, quick linear and analytically nonlinear
power, exceptional and extensive range of materials of comprehensive design
proficiencies, and intuitive display of graphics, schematic drawings and reports that
permits users to swiftly and effortlessly interpret and perceive design and

From the start of style conception through Usage of schematic drawings,

ETABS integrates either side of the engineering style process. Producing models is
never been easy - instinctive commands of drawing offer the quick generation of

8
elevation framing and floor. Computer Aided Design drawings are reproduced directly
into the models of ETABS or used as templates onto that objects of ETABS are often
overlaid. The progressive SAP fireplace 64-bit convergent thinker permits terribly
huge and complicated models to be quickly analyzed and Assists the nonlinear
techniques of modeling alike series of time effects and construction (e.g.., shrinkage
and creep).

Concrete frames design and steel design (including computerized

optimization), composite beams and columns, joints of steel and concrete and masonry-
based shear walls are incorporated, as is the check of capacity for the connections of
steel and base plates. Models can be rendered in a realistic form, and all the results
obtained will be showcased directly on the structure. Reports that are customizable and
comprehensive are accessible for all the design and analysis output, and drawings of
schematic construction of framing plans, details, schedules and cross-sections can be
developed for steel and concrete structures.

An unmatched suite of tools is provided by ETABS for structural engineers in

order to design buildings, regardless of their work on single-storey industrial structures
or the gigantic commercial high-rises. Exceedingly proficient, further user-friendly,
has been the ETABS hallmark since decades from its introduction, and this modern
release resumed that tradition by contributing the engineers with the advanced
technology, further spontaneous, software required to be the ultimately

3.3 Method of Analysis

After the structure has been modelled it is possible to perform analysis to determine
the seismically induced forces in the structures. A number of analysis procedures are
available, each varying in their degree of accuracy. Based of 3 main factors, the
analysis procedures can be categorized as follows: the type of external load applied,
the behaviour of structure or structural material, and type of structural model These
methods can further be classified as: linear static analysis, linear dynamic analysis,
non-linear static analysis, or non-linear dynamic analysis. Linear static analysis or
equivalent static analysis is used in single degree of freedom systems i.e., it is able to
best be used for ordinary structures with confined height. Linear dynamic analysis can
be performed in multi degree of freedom systems in two ways i.e., either by mode
superposition method or response spectrum method or elastic time history method.

9
 This analysis method is much more approximate and produces the effect of
vibration modes which are higher and the elastic range of actual distribution of forces
in an uncomplicated manner. The major difference between linear static and dynamic
analysis is the level of force acting on the structure and their distribution along the
height of the structure. Non-linear static analysis is a more advanced version compared
to linear static and dynamic analysis in the sense that it accounts for the inelastic
behaviour of the The method is relatively simple to be implemented, and provides
information on the strength, deformation and ductility of the structure and the
distribution of demands. This allows the identification of members which are critical
in state and most probable to reach the limit states throughout the earthquake, for which
attentiveness must be given throughout the design and detailing But this method
contains limited assumptions, which neglect the variation of loading patterns, the
influence of higher modes, and the effect of resonance.

A non-linear dynamic analysis or inelastic time history analysis is the only

method to describe the actual behaviour of the structure during an earthquake. The
method is based on the direct numerical integration of the equations of motion by
considering the elasto-plastic deformation of the structure element. This technique is
formulated on equations of motion of direct numerical integration thereby taking into
account the deformation of elasto-plastic structural element. This technique represents
the amplification effect due to resonance, the difference in displacements at varying
frame levels, an extension of motion time period and propensity of moments
regularization outcomes as far as the level grows from bottom to top.

3.3.1 Response Spectrum Analysis

This technique is applied for the structures where the modes except fundamental modes
influence notable structure response. With this method, the multiple modes of response
of a building are taken into consideration Superposition of Modal response is
demonstrated in the form of response of multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) system,
each modal response being determined from the spectral analysis of single degree-of-
freedom (SDOF) systems, which are the combined to get the total response. The
structural modes can be determined using computer interpretation. A response of each
mode can be read using the design spectrum, relied on the frequency of modes and the
modal mass, and then they are merged in order to deliver the total response estimate of
the structure.

10
The modal combination methods used are:

➢ Absolute – peak values are added together

➢ Square root of sum of squares (SRSS)
➢ Complete quadratic combination – (CQC)

3.4 Loadings

➢ IS 875- Part2- Imposed loads

Live load - 4kN/m2

Super dead load-1.5kN/m2

Member loads - as per structure

➢ IS 875 - Part3 - Wind loads

Location - Hyderabad

Wind speed - 44m/s

➢ IS 1893 - Part1- Seismic load 2016

Location - Hyderabad

Zone II - 0.1

Importance factor - 1

Reduction factor – 5

➢ IS 456 and IS 1893 - Load combinations

Both serviceability and strength combinations were considered

3.5 Modelling
➢ Modelling in Etabs for a regular structure and analyzed the behavior of the
building such as Storey drift, displacement etc.

➢ Model by using Indian standard code book for tall buildings IS16700:2017.

3.5.1 Model Data

1. Structure – OMRF

2. Structure – SMRF + Shear Wall (Core)

11
 i. No. of stories – G+25

ii. Storey height – 3.5m

iii. Grade of concrete – M40

iv. Grade of steel – Fe415

v. Thickness of slab – 0.125m

vi. Beam size – 0.45 x 0.6 m

vii. Column size – (1.0x1.0, 0.9x0.9, 0.8x0.8, 0.7x0.7)

viii. Seismic zone – II

ix. Soil type – II

x. Importance factor – 1

xi. Response reduction factor – 5

xii. LL – 4kN/m2

xiii. FF – 1.5kN/m2

Figure 3.1: Plan

12
Figure 3.2: 3D Perspective View

13
3.6 Work Plan- Flow Chart

Literature Review

Indian Standard Code

ETABS Model of Rectangular shape

ETABS Model of Rectangular shape with structural walls

Diagrid Structure with Elliptical plan

Models with different Module angles

Results Extractions

Comparison and Assessments of Results

Conclusion

14
✓ Work has been completed until Modelling of Rectangular shaped structure with
structural walls.

Elliptical Plan of ratio 1:1.5 is considered for this analysis.

b = 1.5 x a

Five models with elliptical plan are to be analysed with different storey modules such
as:

Model 1 Diagrid structure with 2 storied module

Model 2 Diagrid structure with 3 storied module

Model 3 Diagrid structure with 4 storied module

Model 4 Diagrid structure with 5 storied module

Model 5 Diagrid structure with 6 storied module

Table 1: Models to be Executed

15
 CHAPTER 4
EXPECTED RESULTS
4.1 General
Results are expected from previous researches and studies as the present project is
different from that of the previous studies and the results can't be assumed before but it
can be expected from other related studies.

Relative results of Drift, Torsion, Base Shear and Moment will be the final results after
the complete analysis of this project

16
 REFERENCES
[1]. Akshat, Gurpreet Singh, "A Review on Structural Performance of Diagrid
Structural System for High Rise Buildings", International Journal of Innovative
Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, Vol. 7, Issue 2, February 2018.

[2]. Manthan I. Shah, Snehal V. Mevada, Vishal B. Patel, "Comparative Study of

Diagrid Structures with Conventional Frame Structures", International Journal of
Engineering Research and Applications, Vol. 6, Issue 5, (Part - 2) May 2016, pp.
22-29.

[3]. Akshat, Gurpreet Singh, "Dynamic Analysis of Diagrid Structural System in High
Rise Steel Buildings", International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology
(IJCIET), Volume 9, Issue 8, August 2018, pp. 71–79.

[4]. Snehal S. Mali, D. M. Joshi, Roshni John, "Response of High-Rise Building with
Different Diagrid Structural System", International Journal of Science Technology
& Engineering, Volume 4, Issue 5, November 2017.

[5]. Khushbu Jani, Paresh V. Patel, "Analysis and Design of Diagrid Structural System
for High Rise Steel Buildings", Procedia Engineering 51 (2013) 92 – 100, Elsevier
Ltd.

[6]. Jatin B Tank, Ashwin G Hansora, "Analysis of Varying Angle Diagrid Structural
System for High-Rise Steel Building", NCERTE 2016, pp. 361-366.

[7]. Mohammed Maqdoom Ali Shariq, Noor Mohammed Faiq, Dr A.Krishna

Niveditha, "High Rise Diagrid structure with different module angle and base
width", International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET),
Volume: 07, Issue: 06, June 2020.

[8]. IS 800:2007, “General Construction in Steel – Code of Practice (Third Revision)”,

Bureau of Indian Standard, New Delhi.

[9]. IS 1893 (Part 1)-2016, “Indian Standard Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design
of Structures,” Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.

17
[10]. IS 875 (Part 3):1987, “Code of Practice for Design Loads (Other than Earthquake)
for Buildings and Structures Part 3 Wind Loads (Second Revision)”, Bureau of
Indian Standard, New Delhi.

[11]. IS 16700:2017, “Criteria for Structural Safety of Tall Concrete Buildings”, Bureau
of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.

18
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Sentence
SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF HIGH-RISE DIAGRID STRUCTURE OF ELLIPTICAL
PLAN WITH DIFFERENT MODULE ANGLES A Major
Project Phase - 1 report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for
the award of the degree of MASTER OF ENGINEERING IN CIVIL
ENGINEERING with specialization in Structural Engineering by SYEDA
FAIZUNNISA Roll No:
1603-19-741-003 Under the Supervision of PROF. UROOJ MASOOD & Mr. M. A.
AZEEM, Assistant Professor DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
DECCAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (Affiliated to
Osmania University)
Darussalam, Hyderabad, Telangana – 500 001 January– 2021 DEPARTMENT OF
CIVIL ENGINEERING DECCAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY (Affiliated to Osmania University) Darussalam, Hyderabad,
Telangana – 500 001 CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the dissertation entitled
“Seismic Analysis of High-Rise Diagrid Structure of Elliptical Plan with Different
Module Angles” submitted by Syeda Faizunnisa bearing Roll No. 160319741003 in
partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of Degree of Master of
Engineering in Civil Engineering with specialization in Structural Engineering to
Osmania University (A), Hyderabad, Telangana State, is a record of bonafide work
carried out by her during the academic year 2020-2021 under my supervision and
that this work is not submitted elsewhere for the award of any other degree. Mr. M.
A. Azeem Prof. Urooj Masood Dr. Mir Iqbal Faheem Supervisor Supervisor Vice
Principal & Head DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING (A) OSMANIA UNIVERSITY, HYDERABAD
TELANGANA - 500007 M.E DISSERTATION EVALUATION SHEET Name of
the Candidate: SYEDA FAIZUNNISA
Roll No.: 1603-19-741-003 Specialization: Structural Engineering Date of External
Viva Voce: Grade:
Signature of Chair Person, Board of Studies in Civil
Engineering, OU:
Signature of External Examiner:
Signature of Supervisor:
Signature of the Head, CED, OU Declaration I do
hereby declare that the work reported in this dissertation titled “Seismic Analysis of
High-Rise Diagrid Structure of Elliptical Plan with Different Module Angles” has

19
been independently carried out under the guidance of Prof. Urooj Masood and Mr.
M. A. Azeem, Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Deccan
College of Engineering and Technology. Except where specific reference is made
to the works of others, the contents of this dissertation are original and have never
been submitted, in part or as a whole, to any other university for any degree. The
report is based on the project work done entirely by me and not copied from any
other source. This work has been submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement
for the award of Master of Engineering in Structural Engineering to Osmania
University during the academic year 2020-2021. Place: Hyderabad Syeda
Faizunnisa Date: (160319741003) Acknowledgements I would like to express my
profound gratitude and sincere appreciation to Prof.
Urooj Masood & Mr. M. A. Azeem, Assistant Professor, Department of Civil
Engineering, Deccan of Engineering and Technology for his professional technical
advice, guidance and willingness to make himself constantly available have been
crucial to the completion of this project. I would also like to thank Prof. Mir Iqbal
Faheem, Head of the Department of Civil Engineering, Deccan College of
Engineering and Technology, his strategic direction and oversight of this research,
particularly in the early stages and his ongoing advice throughout the project. I am
thankful to Prof. M.A. Malik, Director and Principal, Deccan College of
Engineering and Technology for his constant zeal and supervision for the enormous
work he did to make us succeed in our approach to execution and towards
completion of the same under stipulated time frame. Many thanks also go to my
friends in the university and colleges. I owe greatest debt of gratitude to my family
for their continuous inspiration and moralistic as well as financial support over the
years. Syeda Faizunnisa ABSTRACT The quick increase of city populace and
predicament of available land, the tall structures are ideal now a days. So, while
structure is going high then the consideration of lateral load could be very much
significant. For that the lateral resisting load system will become greater essential
than the structural system that resists the gravitational forces. The lateral load
resisting structures which might be extensively used are rigid frame, shear wall, wall
frame, braced tube system, outrigger system and tubular system. Lately the Diagrid
– diagonal grid structural system is specially used for excessive rise buildings
because of its structural capacity and aesthetic appealing provided via way of means
of the precise geometric composition of the system. Therefore, the Diagrid, for
effectiveness of structures and exquisiteness has produced rejuvenated interest from
structural and architectural designers of tall buildings. ETABS software program is
used for modeling and analysis of the models. Structural members are all designed
by the use of IS 800:2007 considering all load combinations. The provisions stated
in the code books specifically IS 800:2007, IS 1893(Part-1):2016, IS 875(part-
3):1987 and IS 16700:2017 are taken into consideration. All models are designed
for wind loads and earthquake loads with the aid of using Response spectrum
analysis. Fundamental time period, storey displacement, storey drift and base shear
are the various parameters which are compared in this study. Keywords: Diagrid,
Response spectrum analysis, ETABS etc., List of Contents TOC \h \u \z

20
AbstractviList of Figuresviii List of Tablesix Abbreviationsx INTRODUCTION 1-
4 General 1 Diagrid Structural System 2 Objectives of the Study 4 Scope of the Study
4
LITERATURE REVIEW 5-7 General 5 Overview 5 Critical Appraisal 7
METHODOLOGY 8-15 General 8 About Software ETABS
8 Method of Analysis 9 3.3.1 Response Spectrum Analysis 10 Loadings 11
Modelling 11 3.5.1 Model Data 11 Work Plan 14 EXPECTED RESULTS 16
General 16 REFERENCES 17 List of Figures Figure No.Description Page No. First
diagrid tower designed by Vladimir shukhov in 1922 3 SHUKHOV Tower (160-
meter, Radio tower) 3 Swiss Re Building (London, England 41 floors -180 meters)
3 Plan 12 3D Perspestive View 13 List of Tables Table No.Description Page No.
Models to be Executed 15 Abbreviations LLRS=Lateral load resisting system
SMRF=Special moment resisting frame VA=Variable angle VD=Variable density
SDOF=Single degree of freedom MDOF=Multi degree of Freedom SRSS=Square
root of sum of squares CQC=Complete quadratic combination OMRF=Ordinary
moment resisting frame CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 General Advances in construction technology, materials, structural models and
analytical techniques for evaluation and layout facilitated the increase of high-rise
building. The fast development of urban population and consequent pressure on
limited space has considerably affected the residential development of the cities. The
staggering expense of land, the desire to avoid a continuous urban sprawl, and the
need of preserve important agricultural production have all contributed to drive
residential building upward. However, as the height of the building increases, the
building became a symbol of prominence. Combined with the improvement in
fabrication and construction methods, it has pushed the height limit even further.
Major progressions in structural engineering made the way for development of
different structural systems for high rise buildings. As the height of the building
increases, the lateral load resisting system (LLRS) becomes more important than the
structural system that resists the gravity loads. A natural hazard like earthquake
causes damage to or collapse of the structure if not designed for lateral loads ensuing
because of earthquake. Therefore, for resistance of seismic high-rise structures it is
crucial to specify distinct Lateral load resisting system. The lateral load resisting
systems that are widely used are the following: rigid frames, shear wall, wall frame,
braced tube system, outrigger system and tubular system. The binary structural
system including special moment resisting frame (SMRF) and concrete Shear wall
has greater seismic overall performance because of progressed lateral stiffness and
lateral strength. Amongst successful resisting systems of lateral loads, steel bracing
is one of the crucial ones. For strengthening or retrofitting seismically insufficient
reinforced concrete frames utilization of steel bracing systems is a feasible solution
for reinforcing earthquake Recently in some high-rise structures, apart from the
standard bracing systems, some high- rises have been constructed with triangulated
exterior structural members. This system is known as the "Diagrid system" The
Diagrid works as an effective lateral load resisting system. 1.2 Diagrid Structural
System The expression "Diagrid" is a combination of the words "diagonal" & "grid'

21
and refers to a structural system that has unit-thickness in nature and profits its
structural integrity via using Diagrid has splendid look and it is effortlessly
recognized. In diagrid structural systems the diagrid members can bring gravity in
addition to lateral loads because of their triangulated configuration. Diagrids are
greatly powerful in minimizing shear deformation because they bring about lateral
shear through axial movement of diagonal members. The difference between
conventional exterior braced frame structure and current diagrid structures is that,
for diagrid structures, almost all the conventional vertical columns are the structural
performance of diagrid system additionally facilitates in averting interior and corner
columns, consequently permitting considerable flexibility with the floor. In short,
the diagrid configuration allows for no exterior vertical element and promises good
structural efficiency and strength. Due to its structural factors which might be usually
positioned on the outdoors of the building, a diagrid system resembles a tube system.
The lateral stiffness of diagrid structures is suitable not only for linearly static loads
however additionally for dynamic loads which are generated due to Wind and
seismic action which generate responses in both the wind-ward and across wind
directions. The structures have to be checked for seismic and wind loads in order to
determine which method dominates the lateral load resistance. Russian genuis
Vladimir Shukhov originally introduced the diagonal structures. New analytical
techniques were developed by him in lots of exclusive fields. Shukhov left an
enduring legacy to early Soviet Russia constructive, and because the main engineer
mathematician at some stage in the overdue nineteenth and early twentieth century
he created hyperboloid, thin shell and tensile systems of extraordinary refinement
and elegance. 1458791120931500Some of the Diagrid structures are shown in below
figures: center25590500Figure 1.1: First diagrid tower designed by Vladimir
shukhov in 1922 center24955500Figure 1.2: SHUKHOV Tower (160-meter, Radio
tower) Figure 1.3: Swiss Re Building (London, England 41 floors -180 meters)
Diagrid are tremendously favoured by engineers and designers because of increment
in adaptability of the floor plan by eliminating the interior columns. It simplifies the
loading on the member where each member simply acts in tension or compression
without bending. Diagrid systems also have high redundancy as it can easily
redistribute its load when some members fail but does not change the overall shape
of the building. This has turned into a significant element in elevated structure, for
the security of the structure as well as for unintentional occasions like blast, terrorism
and so on. 1.3 Objectives of the Study The objective of this study is to examine the
basic structural behaviour of diagrid structural system for different storey modules
under Seismic and Dynamic wind loading and suggesting the optimum diagrid
model for the assumed diagrid models. To study the behaviour of the diagrid
structural system for different type of modules. To study the behaviour of the models
with response spectrum analysis. To compare the Seismic and Dynamic wind
analysis of each of the models and study their performance. 1.4 Scope of the Study
In this Dissertation a High-Rise Diagrid Structure is Considered. Diagrid Structure
of Elliptical plan with different module angles is analysed. Response Spectrum
Analysis is used to study the behaviour of the structure. Seismic and Dynamic Wind

22
Analysis of each of the model is compared and their performance is studied. Further,
Drift, Base Shear and Moment, Torsion are obtained. CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE
REVIEW 2.1 General Numerous studies have been performed on High Rise Diagrid
Structures. However, most of them dealt with response of Diagrid Structures with
different module angels and base width., This Chapter consists of Seismic Analysis
of High-Rise diagrid Structure of Elliptical plan with different module angles. 2.2
Overview Akshat, Gurpreet Singh (2018) this study reviews research published on
the structural performance of diagrid system. A first step toward a systematic and
comprehensive study is that regular patterns are compared to alternative geometrical
configurations, obtained by changing the angle of diagonals (variable-angle, VA) as
well as by changing the number of diagonal (variable-density, VD) along the
building height. Further it discusses about the different diagrid patterns generated
and designed for an assumed building; and how the resulting diagrid structures are
assessed under gravity and wind loads and various performance parameters are
evaluated on the basis of the analyses results. Manthan
I. Shah, Snehal V. Mevada, Vishal B. Patel (2016) in this study seven steel buildings
of identical base area and loadings with different heights are designed for optimum
sections for both structural systems diagrid and conventional frame in ETABS.
Various parameters like fundamental time period, maximum top storey lateral
displacement, maximum base shear, steel weight, percentage differences in change
of steel weight, maximum storey displacement and maximum storey drift are
considered in this study. A Diagrid structure performs well than conventional frame
structures and increase in steel weight with increase in height of building is
considerably less in diagrid structures. Akshat, Gurpreet Singh (2018) in this study,
a 60 storey tall building of height 216 m is analyzed. The plan dimension of the
building is 48 m × 48 m. The building is analyzed for lateral load due to earthquake
in seismic zone IV. Various patterns of the diagrid were used in the dynamic analysis
by varying the angles of the diagonal elements. The analysis is performed by using
ETABS software. Response Spectrum Method is adopted for the dynamic analysis
of the structure. The number of diagonal elements are also varied on the façade of
the structure for the assessment of the economy. At last, secondary bracing system
was also added to it. The results of analysis are discussed in terms of Maximum
storey displacement, maximum storey drift and maximum storey shear. Snehal S.
Mali, D. M. Joshi, Roshni John (2017) the present work is made for studying the
response of high-rise building with different diagrid structural system. To this aim
response of four different diagrid structures of (G+30) storey are carried out to obtain
optimized position of diagrid. And response of this diagrid building is compared
with conventional building by providing same parameters to both the buildings. The
analysis of the building is carried out by using ETABS software. The results
obtained in terms storey displacement. Khushbu Jani, Paresh V. Patel (2013)
analysis and design of 36 storey diagrid steel building is presented. A regular floor
plan of 36 m × 36 m size is considered. ETABS software is used for modeling and
analysis of structural members. All structural members are designed as per IS
800:2007 considering all load combinations. Dynamic along wind and across wind

23
are considered for analysis and design of the structure. Load distribution in diagrid
system is also studied for 36 storey building. Similarly, analysis and design of 50,
60, 70 and 80 storey diagrid structures is carried out. Comparison of analysis results
in terms of time period, top storey displacement and inter-storey drift is presented in
this paper. Jatin B Tank, Ashwin G Hansora (2016) presents another way of varying
angle for diagrid, angle variation along the width, which has not been employed in
any real tall building. A regular floor plan of 40 m x 40 m is considered for 36,48
and 60 storey diagrid structures with different angle variation along the width is
considered. ETABS software is used for modelling and analysis of structural
members. Comparison in terms of displacement, time period and steel mass is
presented for different varying angle diagrid along width. Mohammed Maqdoom Ali
Shariq, Noor Mohammed Faiq, Dr A.Krishna Niveditha (2020) presents a study in
which comparison of 40 storied Diagrid structural system of different uniform angles
with respect to its base width is presented here. In this study 10 steel building of
same base area and loading are modeled with different Diagrid module height for
optimum model. ETABS software is used for modeling and analysis of the 10
models. Structural members are all designed using IS 800:2007 considering all load
combinations. All models are designed for wind loads and earthquake loads by using
Response spectrum analysis. Various parameters like fundamental time period,
storey displacement, storey drift, base shear and steel usage are compared in this
study. Mohammed Maqdoom Ali Shariq, Noor Mohammed Faiq, Dr.A.Krishna
Nivedita carried out the work on High Rise Diagrid structure with different module
angles and base width. In this study 10 different models of 40 storey steel building
of same base area and loading are modeled with different Diagrid module height for
optimum model. ETABS software is used for modeling and analysis of the 10
models. Structural members are all designed using IS 800:2007 considering all load
combinations. All models are designed for wind loads and earthquake loads by using
Response spectrum analysis. Various parameters like fundamental time period,
storey displacement, storey drift, base shear,steel usage are compared in this study
2.3 Critical Appraisal As discussed in the above journals, various study has been
done on diagrid structures for a High-Rise Building on regular plan shapes with
different module angles and also in comparison with conventional frame structures.
This Dissertation showcases the Seismic Analysis of High-Rise Diagrid structure of
Elliptical plan with different module angles. The plan consists of 25 storeys with a
total height of 87.5 m. CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY 3.1 General Diagrid has
exceptional look and its aesthetics are efficiently perceived. The arrangement and
productiveness of a Diagrid framework lower the amount of simple structural
element required at the façade of the structures, with much less obstruction to the
outdoor view. The simple productiveness of Diagrid framework likewise facilitates
in removing the inner and nook columns, as a consequence allowing important
adaptability with the floor Diagrid framework economizes about 20 percentage of
the structural steel weight while contrasted with a conventional moment frame
structure. The Diagrid module in Diagrid structural systems can bring each gravity
loads and lateral forces because of their Triangulated configuration. Diagrid

24
structures are gradually feasible in proscribing shear deformation due to the fact they
bring lateral shear through axial movement of diagonal module. Diagrid structures
commonly no longer consider excessive shear rigidity cores because lateral shear
may be carried through the diagonal members positioned at the capacity of a Diagrid
system to expend loads faster with lesser constructing materials, permit layout of
greater complicated but lighter structures, making it an efficient system for usage in
sky scrapers and high-rise buildings and specially permits the free form, flowing
forms for tall buildings. 3.2 About Software ETABS ETABS is a
software package which is ultimately integrated for the purpose of analysis of
structures and building design. Unmatchable 3D object based modeling is provided
by this software and tools of visualization, quick linear and analytically nonlinear
power, exceptional and extensive range of materials of comprehensive design
proficiencies, and intuitive display of graphics, schematic drawings and reports that
permits users to swiftly and effortlessly interpret and perceive design and From the
start of style conception through Usage of schematic drawings, ETABS integrates
either side of the engineering style process. Producing models is never been easy -
instinctive commands of drawing offer the quick generation of elevation framing
and floor. Computer Aided Design drawings are reproduced directly into the models
of ETABS or used as templates onto that objects of ETABS are often overlaid. The
progressive SAP fireplace 64- bit convergent thinker permits terribly huge and
complicated models to be quickly analyzed and Assists the nonlinear techniques of
modeling alike series of time effects and construction (e.g.., shrinkage and creep).
Concrete frames design and steel design (including computerized optimization),
composite beams and columns, joints of steel and concrete and masonry-based shear
walls are incorporated, as is the check of capacity for the connections of steel and
base plates.
Models can be rendered in a realistic form, and all the results obtained will be
showcased directly on the structure. Reports that are customizable and
comprehensive are accessible for all the design and analysis output, and drawings of
schematic construction of framing plans, details, schedules and cross-sections can
be developed for steel and concrete structures. An unmatched suite of tools is
provided by ETABS for structural engineers in order to design buildings, regardless
of their work on single-storey industrial structures or the gigantic commercial high-
rises. Exceedingly proficient, further user-friendly, has been the ETABS hallmark
since decades from its introduction, and this modern release resumed that tradition
by contributing the engineers with the advanced technology, further spontaneous,
software required to be the ultimately 3.3 Method of Analysis After the structure has
been modelled it is possible to perform analysis to determine the seismically induced
forces in the structures. A number of analysis procedures are available, each varying
in their degree of accuracy. Based of 3 main factors, the analysis procedures can be
categorized as follows: the type of external load applied, the behaviour of structure
or structural material, and type of structural model These methods can further be
classified as: linear static analysis, linear dynamic analysis, non-linear static
analysis, or non-linear dynamic analysis. Linear static analysis or equivalent static

25
analysis is used in single degree of freedom systems i.e., it is able to best be used for
ordinary structures with confined height. Linear dynamic analysis can be performed
in multi degree of freedom systems in two ways i.e., either by mode superposition
method or response spectrum method or elastic time history method. This analysis
method is much more approximate and produces the effect of vibration modes which
are higher and the elastic range of actual distribution of forces in an uncomplicated
manner. The major difference between linear static and dynamic analysis is the level
of force acting on the structure and their distribution along the height of the structure.
Non-linear static analysis is a more advanced version compared to linear static and
dynamic analysis in the sense that it accounts for the inelastic behaviour of the The
method is relatively simple to be implemented, and provides information on the
strength, deformation and ductility of the structure and the distribution of demands.
This allows the identification of members which are critical in state and most
probable to reach the limit states throughout the earthquake, for which attentiveness
must be given throughout the design and detailing But this method contains limited
assumptions, which neglect the variation of loading patterns, the influence of higher
modes, and the effect of resonance. A non-linear dynamic analysis or inelastic time
history analysis is the only method to describe the actual behaviour of the structure
during an earthquake. The method is based on the direct numerical integration of the
equations of motion by considering the elasto-plastic deformation of the structure
element. This technique is formulated on equations of motion of direct numerical
integration thereby taking into account the deformation of elasto-plastic structural
element. This technique represents the amplification effect due to resonance, the
difference in displacements at varying frame levels, an extension of motion time
period and propensity of moments regularization outcomes as far as the level grows
from bottom to top. 3.3.1 Response Spectrum Analysis This technique is applied for
the structures where the modes except fundamental modes influence notable
structure response. With this method, the multiple modes of response of a building
are taken into consideration Superposition of Modal response is demonstrated in the
form of response of multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) system, each modal response
being determined from the spectral analysis of single degree-of-freedom (SDOF)
systems, which are the combined to get the total response. The structural modes can
be determined using computer interpretation. A response of each mode can be read
using the design spectrum, relied on the frequency of modes and the modal mass,
and then they are merged in order to deliver the total response estimate of the
structure. The modal combination methods used are: Absolute – peak values are
added together Square root of sum of squares (SRSS) Complete quadratic
combination – (CQC) 3.4 LoadingsIS 875- Part2- Imposed loads Live load - 4kN/m2
Super dead load-1.5kN/m2 Member loads - as per structure IS 875 - Part3 - Wind
loads Location - Hyderabad Wind speed - 44m/s IS 1893 - Part1- Seismic load 2016
Location - Hyderabad Zone II -
0.1 Importance factor - 1 Reduction factor – 5 IS 456 and IS 1893 - Load
combinations Both serviceability and strength combinations were considered 3.5
Modelling Modelling in Etabs for a regular structure and analyzed the behavior of

26
the building such as Storey drift, displacement etc. Model by using Indian standard
code book for tall buildings IS16700:2017. 3.5.1 Model Data Structure – OMRF
Structure – SMRF + Shear Wall (Core) No. of stories – G+25 Storey height – 3.5m
Grade of concrete – M40 Grade of steel – Fe415 Thickness of slab – 0.125m Beam
size – 0.45 x 0.6 m Column size – (1.0x1.0, 0.9x0.9, 0.8x0.8, 0.7x0.7) Seismic zone
– II Soil type – II Importance factor – 1 Response reduction factor – 5 LL – 4kN/m2
FF – 1.5kN/m2 center000 Figure 3.1: Plan center-332041500 Figure 3.2: 3D
Perspective View 17589505825490Results Extractions 0Results Extractions
10287002343150ETABS Model of Rectangular shape 0ETABS Model of
Rectangular shape 9156704912360Models with different Module angles Models
with different Module
angles
256603571996302577465635000025806405405755258000545440602562225370
58602574290287401093789522498
05258508511271251437005758952019450057652385Conclusion Conclusion
8166106724650Comparison and Assessments of Results Comparison and
Assessments of Results
784860660336512160255748655836930476250095758039192201026160403034
5Diagrid Structure with Elliptical plan Diagrid Structure with Elliptical plan
2546353200400ETABS Model of Rectangular shape with structural walls ETABS
Model of Rectangular shape with structural walls
112395307403516522701525270Indian Standard Code Indian Standard Code
1390015141160513919205092701809115657860Literature Review Literature
Review 3.6 W25920702020570ork Plan- Flow Chart Work has been completed
until Modelling of Rectangular shaped structure with structural walls.
275272522606011334752552700Elliptical Plan of ratio 1:1.5 is considered for this
analysis.
272415020955a 00a 2143125205740b 00b 1123950253365 b = 1.5 x a Five models
with elliptical plan are to be analysed with different storey modules such as: Model
1 Diagrid structure with 2 storied module Model 2 Diagrid structure with 3 storied
module Model 3 Diagrid structure with 4 storied module Model 4 Diagrid structure
with 5 storied module Model 5 Diagrid structure with 6 storied module Table 1:
Models to be Executed 1437005225425 CHAPTER 4 EXPECTED RESULTS 4.1
General Results are expected from previous researches and studies as the present
project is different from that of the previous studies and the results can't be assumed
before but it can be expected from other related studies. Relative results of Drift,
Torsion, Base Shear and Moment will be the final results after the complete analysis
of this project REFERENCES Nikesh Ganesh Rathod, P. Saha, “Diagrid- An
Innovative Technique for High Rise Structure”, Journal of Civil Engineering and
Environmental, Volume 2, Number 5; April-June, 2015. Dipesh Joshi, Arpan
Khatadia, Sujit Tare, Sandesh Mane, Dixita Sawant, Nilesh Gaikwad, "Diagrid
Structure", International Journal of Recent Advances in Engineering & Technology
(IJRAET), Volume-5, Issue -2, 2017. Akshat, Gurpreet Singh, "A Review on
Structural Performance of Diagrid Structural System for High Rise Buildings",

27
International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and
Technology, Vol. 7, Issue 2, February 2018. U. A. Nawale, D. N. Kakade, "Analysis
of Diagrid Structural System by E-Tab", International Advanced Research Journal
in Science, Engineering and Technology, Vol. 4, Issue 6, June 2017. Manthan I.
Shah, Snehal V. Mevada, Vishal B. Patel, "Comparative Study of Diagrid Structures
with Conventional Frame Structures", International Journal of Engineering
Research and Applications, Vol. 6, Issue 5, (Part - 2) May 2016, pp. 22-29. Akshat,
Gurpreet Singh, "Dynamic Analysis of Diagrid Structural System in High Rise Steel
Buildings", International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET),
Volume 9, Issue 8, August 2018, pp. 71–79. Snehal S. Mali, D. M. Joshi, Roshni
John, "Response of High-Rise Building with Different Diagrid Structural System",
International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering, Volume 4, Issue 5,
November 2017. Khushbu Jani, Paresh V. Patel, "Analysis and Design of Diagrid
Structural System for High Rise Steel Buildings", Procedia Engineering 51 (2013)
92 – 100, Elsevier Ltd. Jatin B Tank, Ashwin G Hansora, "Analysis of Varying
Angle Diagrid Structural System for High- Rise Steel Building", NCERTE 2016,
pp. 361-366. Mohammed Maqdoom Ali Shariq, Noor Mohammed Faiq, Dr
A.Krishna Niveditha, "High Rise Diagrid structure with different module angle and
base width", International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology
(IRJET), Volume: 07, Issue: 06, June 2020. IS 800:2007, “General Construction in
Steel – Code of Practice (Third Revision)”, Bureau of Indian Standard, New Delhi.
IS 1893 (Part 1)-2016, “Indian Standard Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of
Structures,” Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India. IS 875 (Part 3):1987,
“Code of Practice for Design Loads (Other than Earthquake) for Buildings and
Structures Part 3 Wind Loads (Second Revision)”, Bureau of Indian Standard, New
Delhi. IS 16700:2017, “Criteria for Structural Safety of Tall Concrete Buildings”,
Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.

SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF HIGH-RISE DIAGRID

Report Title: STRUCTURE OF ELLIPTICAL PLAN WITH
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