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READING AND
WRITING SKILLS
Quarter 3 – Module 2:
Understanding Text and Its
Properties
(Second Semester)
Reading and Writing Skills – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 2: Understanding Text and Its Properties
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education
Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the Module

Writer: Sedfrey Aldrich Obar, Master Teacher II

Editor: Dr. Roniko C. Natividad, Master Teacher II

Reviewer: Vicente M. Victorio Jr.-EPS

Management Team:

Maria Magdalena M. Lim

Schools Division Superintendent-Manila
Aida H. Rondilla
Chief Education Supervisor
Lucky S. Carpio
EPS
Lady Hannah C Gillo
Librarian II-LRMS

Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education – Division of City Schools – Manila
Office Address: Manila Education Center Arroceros Forest Park Antonio J.
Villegas St. Ermita, Manila
Telefax:
E-mail Address: depedmanila@yahoo.com

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 11
READING AND
WRITING SKILLS
Quarter 3 – Module 2:
Understanding Text and Its
Properties
(Second Semester)

iii
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to Reading and Writing Skills Alternative Delivery Mode

(ADM) Module on Understanding Text and Its Properties!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by

educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher
or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12
Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic
constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this
also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking
into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in
the body of the module:

For the learner:

Welcome to Reading and Writing Skills Alternative Delivery Mode

(ADM) Module on Understanding Text and Its Properties!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and
time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource
while being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the

iv
 lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correctly, you may decide to skip this module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to strengthen your understanding
and skills of the topic. You may check the
answers in the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or open-ended

statements to be filled in to process what you
learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also develops retention
of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part
of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.

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 5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through
with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do
not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that
you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful

learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can
do it!

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 What I Need to Know

Most Essential Learning Competency:

A. Evaluate research based on its properties

• organization
• coherence
• cohesion
At the end of our lesson, you would be able to:

A. evaluate research based on its properties:

• Organization
B. evaluate research based on its properties
• coherence and cohesion
• arrangement of details according to chronological order, spatial
order and emphatic order

What I Know

A. MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE

Read the following statements. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and
if it is false CHANGE the underlined word in each item to make the
statement correct.

________ 1. A physical format is an aspect of the organization that is

immediately apparent to the reader.

________ 2. Signal words are textual cues that can be a way to follow a
certain text.

________ 3. Structure provides steps to organize or sequence a certain text.

________ 4. Text organization is a way a text is organized to guide a reader
logically through it

________ 5. Organization can be achieved through various text properties.

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 B. MATCH COLUMN A WITH COLUMN B
Write the letter of your answer on the blank provided before the
number.

Lesson Written text based on its

1 properties

What’s In

LET’S SEE HOW FAR YOU WILL GO! Just fill in the K W L Chart as you go
along with the topic. You have to answer the first two columns based on
what you have known in the previous lesson and write also the things you
would want to know in this topic and the last will be answered as you
finalized your thoughts and understanding towards the lesson

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 What’s New

WHAT IS A TEXT ORGANIZATION?

Text organization deals with how a text is organized to help readers

follow and understand the flow of information and ideas cascaded. There are
a number of standard forms that help text organization when writing. This
text organization also assists readers logically in grasping a particular text.

What Is It

Physical It is how the text physically Explanation:

Format appears. Example: In order The words that are
(It is how the to better understand what written in bold are
text motivates human beings, Maslow examples of Maslow’s
physically proposed that human needs can Hierarchy of Needs that
appears) be organized into a hierarchy. the first sentence is
This hierarchy ranges from more referring to. By
concrete needs such as food and stressing these words,
water to abstract concepts such the reader can
as self-fulfillment. According to distinguish the right
Maslow, when a lower need is term for the concepts
met, the next need on the along with their
hierarchy becomes our focus of definitions; this would
attention. These are the five also help readers in
categories of needs according to remembering the needs
Maslow: Physiological, this refers since they stick out
to basic physical needs like from the rest of the text.
drinking when thirsty or eating
when hungry. Safety, once
people’s physiological
requirements are met, the next
need that arises is a safe
environment. Love and
Belonging, according to Maslow,
the next need in the hierarchy
involves feeling loved and
accepted. This need includes
both romantic relationships as
well as ties to friends and family
members.

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Signal Words Example: First, dissolve a Explanation:
(The cue in package of yeast and one By using sequential
ordering of teaspoon of sugar in 1 cup of signal words, readers
events and warm water. Add ¼ cup of canola are guided on what
concepts) oil and a dash of salt. Slowly stir comes next and what
in 3½ cups of flour. A soft dough will be the next
will form. Meanwhile, pre-heat sequence
the oven to 450° F. Then transfer
the dough to a floured surface
and knead it until it becomes
smooth and elastic. Put it in a
bowl, cover, and set the bowl in a
warm place. In about 45 minutes,
it will double.
Structure Example: A hare one day Explanation:
(The ridiculed the short feet and slow It clearly manifested
complete pace of the Tortoise, who replied, the beginning, middle
framework of laughing: "Though you be swift as and ending
the text. The the wind, I will beat you in a
structure race." The Hare, believing her
provides the assertion to be simply impossible,
framework assented to the proposal; and
upon which they agreed that the Fox should
the text is choose the course and fix the
organized. It goal. On the day appointed for the
consists of race the two started together. The
beginning, Tortoise never for a moment
middle and stopped but went on with a slow
end but steady pace straight to the
end of the course. The Hare, lying
down by the wayside, fell fast
asleep. At last waking up, and
moving as fast as he could, he
saw the Tortoise had reached the
goal, and was comfortably dozing
after her fatigue.

What’s More

Activity 1: LET’S TRY!

Identify whether the statement in each item below denotes a text
organization. Write PF if it is PHYSICAL FORMAT, SW if it is SIGNAL WORD
and S if it is STRUCTURE. Write your answer on the blank provided for.

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___________ 1. A traveler about to set out on a journey saw his Dog stand at
the door stretching himself. He asked him sharply: "Why do you stand there
gaping? Everything is ready but you, so come with me instantly." The Dog,
wagging his tail, replied: "O, master! I am quite ready; it is you for whom I am
waiting."
__________ 2. Next, press half the dough onto a greased 12” pizza pan. Now
you must decide if you want to make a savory pizza or a sweet pizza. For a
savory pizza, spread the dough with tomato sauce. Add banana slices and top
with curry powder.
__________ 3. The study of personality has a broad and varied history in
psychology with an abundance of theoretical traditions. The major theories
include dispositional (trait) perspective, psychodynamic, humanistic,
biological, behaviorist, evolutionary, and social learning perspective.
__________ 4. A kite, sick unto death, said to his mother: "O Mother! do not
mourn, but at once invoke the gods that my life may be prolonged." She
replied, "Alas! my son, which of the gods do you think will pity you? Is there
one whom you have not outraged by filching from their very altars, a part of
the sacrifice offered up to them?"
__________ 5. There are five love languages: Words of Affirmation, Acts of
Service, Receiving Gifts, Quality Time, and Physical Touch. Each one is
important and expresses love in its own way. Learning your partner's and
your own primary love language will help create a stronger bond in your
relationship.
Activity 2: HEIGHTEN YOUR KNOWLEDGE
Fill in the WORD NETWORK either a phrase or a word that sustain your
understanding of the lesson.

Text
Organization

What I Have Learned

REFLECTIVE LEARNING SHEET

Direction: Reflect on what you have learned after taking up this lesson by
answering the question below.

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 1. What were your thoughts or ideas about the features of effective
communication prior to the discussion of this lesson?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. What new or additional ideas did you learn after taking up this lesson?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

What I Can Do

Direction: From your answer in the WORD NETWORK, make your own
concept based on how you grasped/ understood the lesson.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

Lesson
Arrangement of Details
2

What’s In

ACTIVATE YOUR SCHEMA! Fill in the middle boxes with ideas you learned
from the previous lesson and on the third box, formulate a concept based on
your insights cascaded in the middle boxes.

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 What’s New

Cohesion - refers to the logical flow and connection in a written text and is
achieved through the use of devices to link sentences together so that there
is a logical flow between ideas from one sentence to the next.(Enquist & Oates
2009: 34)

Coherence - refers to the unity or togetherness of the text as a whole and is

achieved through the effective grouping and arrangement of ideas in a logical
order.(Enquist & Oates 2009: 34)

What Is It

ARRANGEMENT OF DETAILS ACCORDING TO

Chronological Order The details are organized in the order which
they happened. (Landich, 2018)
Example:
This morning was crazy. My alarm clock was set for
PM instead of AM, so I woke up really late. I just
threw on some clothes and ran out the door. I rode
my bike as fast as I could and thought that I was
going to be late for sure, but when I got there
everyone was outside and there were firetrucks all
lined up in front of school. I guess somebody pulled
the fire alarm before class started. It worked out
though, because nobody really noticed or minded
that I was tardy.
Spatial Order The sentences of a paragraph are organized
according to the geographical location such as
left to right up to down etc. (Landich, 2018)
Example:
The inside of Bill's refrigerator was horrible. On the
top shelf was a three week old carton of milk. Next to
it sat a slice of melon that had started to get moldy.
To the right of the melon sat the remains of a
macaroni and cheese dinner that had been served a
week earlier. On the shelf below was a slice of cake
from his sister's birthday party. Though there was
food, none of it was edible.

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Emphatic Order The information in the paragraph is organized to
emphasize certain points depending on the
writer’s purpose. (Landich, 2018)
Example:
After looking at all the brochures and talking to
several salesmen, I decided to purchase an SLR
camera. For several years I had been dissatisfied
with the results I was getting from my pointand-
shoot camera. The framing was imprecise and the
focus was not always accurate. I had planned a
vacation to an area that promised many fabulous
photo opportunities, and I wanted to capture each
one with accuracy. But the most important reason I
decided on the SLR camera was the great versatility
it offered. In the above paragraph, the
organization moves from the least important idea
(dissatisfaction with the results of the point-andshoot
camera) to the most important idea (the versatility
offered with the SLR camera).

What’s More

Activity 1: Write your own sentence using the arrangement of details below.

Chronological Order
1._________________________________________________________________________
2.________________________________________________________________________
Spatial Order
3._________________________________________________________________________
4._________________________________________________________________________
Emphatic Order
5._________________________________________________________________________
Activity 2: Compose at least 4-5 sentences using any the given arrangement
of details. Make sure to include accurate information in your composition.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
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 What I Have Learned

Direction: Answer the following prompts below to gauge your understanding

of the lesson.

Today I learned that

_____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
I am confused on the area of
_____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Next time I will
_____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

Assessment

A. MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE

Read the following statements. Write TRUE if the statement is correct
and if it is false CHANGE the underlined word in each item to make the
statement correct.
________ 1. Every sentence has a physical format.
________2. Words and phrases that show the connection between ideas
are examples of signal words.
________ 3. Identifying the framework of a certain text is an example of
structural analysis.
________ 4. Using kinds of dictionary, readers logically understand a
certain text.
________ 5. Text can be understood by considering various text
organization
B. MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE.
Read the following statements. Write TRUE if the statement is correct
and if it is false CHANGE the underlined word in each item to make the
statement correct.

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_____ 1. Relevance is best term to describe the relevance of the use of
words in order to achieve the connection and the logical flow
of a certain text.
_____ 2. Word order is achieved through the effective groupings of ideas
in a certain text.
_____ 3. In order means that the details are organized in the order which
they happened.
_____ 4. The information in the paragraph is organized to emphasize
certain points depending on the writer’s purpose is known as
emphatic order.
_____ 5. Emphatic order means that the paragraph is arranged
according to the geographical location.

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Assessment What I Know
1. True 1. True
2. True 2. True
3. Structure 3. Framework
4. Text organization 4. True
5. True 5. True
6. True 6. A
7. True 7. E
8. True 8. D
9. True 9. B
10. Chronological order 10. C
Answers Key
References
Electronic Resources

https://www.slideshare.net/aliciamargaretjavelosa/properties-
of-a-wellwrittentext-reading-and-writing

https://www.slideshare.net/KatrinaClaireLandich/properties-
of-a-well-writtentext-88147656

https://www.sjsu.edu/aanapisi/docs/patriciaalbers.pdf

http://www.free-short-stories.org.uk/very-short-stories/the-
hare-and-thetortoise.htm

http://salvadori.blogspot.com/2009/03/exercise-on-
connectives.html?m=1