TRIPLE INTEGRALS

The triple integral of f over the box B is

if this limit exists

FUBINI’S THEOREM FOR TRIPLE INTEGRALS

If f is continuous on the rectangular box B=[a,b] x [c,d] x [r,s] , then

The iterated integral on the right side of Fubini’s Theorem means that we integrate first with
respect to x (keeping y and z fixed), then we integrate with respect to y (keeping z fixed), and
finally we integrate with respect to z. There are five other possible orders in which we can
integrate, all of which give the same value.
Triple integral over a general bounded region E
If f(x, y, z) =1 for all points in E, then the triple integral does represent the volume of E

:
CYLINDRICAL COORDINATES

In the cylindrical coordinate system, a point P in three-dimensional space is represented by the

ordered triple {r, θ, z}, where r and θ are polar coordinates of the projection of P onto the xy-
plane to P.

𝑥 = 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 𝑦 = 𝑟 sin 𝜃 𝑧 =𝑧
𝑦
𝑟 2` = 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 tan 𝜃 = 𝑧 =𝑧
𝑥
SPHERICAL COORDINATES

The spherical coordinates (ρ, θ, φ) of a point in space are shown in the following Figure , where
ρ is the distance from the origin O to P, θ is the same angle as in cylindrical coordinates, and φ is
the angle between the positive -axis and the line segment OP .

The spherical coordinate system is especially useful in problems where there is symmetry about
a point, and the origin is placed at this point