1. Briefly describe the different steps involved in a research process.

The first step in undertaking research is defining the problem to be studied

or addressed. Basically, the researcher must single out the problem that he
wants to study by understanding the problem and rephrasing it into an analytical
point of view. In order to do so, the researcher must conduct an extensive
literature survey of various scholarly articles, books, and other sources relevant
to a particular area of research. This would aid the researcher define his own
research problem in a more meaningful context. A primary declaration or simply,
a set of hypotheses should be made afterwards to provide him the possible
answers for his specific questions. In order to arrive in to a conclusion whether
the aforementioned hypotheses should be accepted or rejected, a detailed
research design with its corresponding sample design and instrumentation
should be laid out. Having these designs would aid the researcher in collecting
the relevant evidences with minimal expenditure of effort, time, and money. After
formulating the design, collection of data takes place through different data
collecting methods. When the data has been gathered, the researcher turns to
the task of analyzing them. The researcher must be able to turn the raw data that
has been gathered to a more purposeful and usable piece of information through
subjecting them to coding, tabulation, and statistical analysis. He should then
draw statistical inferences from the aforementioned methods and be able to test
whether his hypotheses should be rejected or accepted. Lastly, given the results
of the hypothesis testing, he should interpret, generalize, and write a report on
what is/are the implications of his research to the population under study.

2. Choose a quantitative research design and discuss it.

Experimental research design or True experimentation, as the name

implies, employs the scientific method to determine the cause-and-effect link
between a set of variables in a study. The genuine experiment is frequently
mistaken for laboratory research, although this is not always the case; the
laboratory setting has no bearing on the true experiment. Any study in which all
other variables except one are identified and controlled is considered a valid
experiment. To determine the effects on the dependent variables, an
independent variable is changed. Rather than being randomized to naturally
occurring groups, subjects are randomly assigned to experimental treatments. A
researcher can conduct experimental research in the following situations: time is
a vital factor in establishing a relationship between cause and effect; there is an
invariable behavior between cause and effect; and if the researcher wishes to
understand the importance of the cause-and-effect relationship. There are three
primary types of experimental research design which are the pre-experimental,
true experimental, and the quasi-experimental design. The goal of pre-
experimental research is to see if a particular group under observation need
more examination to completely establish cause-and-effect linkages. True
experimental design on the other hand, is a sort of experimental design in which
the test units and treatments are assigned to the experimental groups at random.
Finally, a quasi-experimental design is similar to the previous design except that
the individuals are not assigned to a specific group at random.