SEKOLAH TUN FATIMAH

CHEMISTRY FORM 4

INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY
NAME : ROSIE IZLYANA MUNIRA BINTI ROSLAN

FORM :4

YEAR : 2011

CONTENTS

A. CHEMISTRY AND ITS IMPORTANCE

 CHEMICALS IN DAILY LIFE

 CHEMICALS-BASED INDUSTRY

 CHEMICALS RELATED CAREERS

B. SCIENTISTS IN CHEMISTRY FIELD

 A SCIENTIST WHO IS FAMOUS FOR THE GLOBAL CONTRIBUTIONS IN

CHEMISTRY

 THE SCIENTIST’S CONTRIBUTIONS AND THE EXPLAINATION OF THE

SCIENTIST’S WORK
CHEMISTRY IN DAILY LIFE

Definition

Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure, properties and interactions of matter.

Other definitions

Originates from the Arabic word ‘al – kamiya’ which means ‘the art of transforming metals’.

Some examples of chemicals using in our daily life :

 1. We use sodium chloride which is the table salt in cooking so the food would be not

tasteless.

2. Vinegar is used too in preserving food. It is actually dilute ethanoic acid (acetic acid).

3. Calcium carbonate in the form of marble is widely used in furniture and flooring.

4. Pure cooper is made into wire due to its extremely high electrical conductivity.

5. Lime or calcium oxide is used in the preparation of cement and mortar.

6. Silicon chips are used in a wide range of electronic devices such as computers, mobile

phones and televisions.

7. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is used to make pipe for construction and packaging materials.

8. Polypropylene (PP) is used in markets ranging from packaging, appliances, and

containers to clothing and carpeting.

9. Polystyrene (PS), another large-volume plastic, is used principally for appliances and

packaging as well as toys and recreation.

EXAMPLES OF CHEMICALS USAGE IN DAILY LIFE

PVC PIPE AT HOME

SODIUM CHLORIDE IS USED WHEN COOKING

SILICON CHIP IN COMPUTER

CHEMICAL- BASED INDUSTRY

Chemical- based industries are responsible for the manufacture of a vast range of useful

products. The main industries and their products are as follows.

Chemical-based industry Products

Petroleum industry Fuels and petrochemicals such plastics and polymers.

Palm oil industry Palm oil products such as cooking oil and margarine.
Agrochemical industry Fertilizers and pesticides.

Rubber industry Rubber products such as tyres, latex gloves and mattress.

Pharmaceutical industry Drugs used in medicine.

Paint industry Paints, varnishes, inks and dyes.

Cosmetic industry Cosmetic products such as cleansers, lotion and facial creams.

Healthcare industry Healthcare products such as food supplements.

Detergent industry Detergents and fabric softeners.

Inorganic chemical Chlorine, caustic soda and hydrogen.

industry
 The products have helped local consumers

to improve their health and standard living.

Others are exported overseas, thus

earning foreign exchange for the country.

Besides, chemical-based industries

provide jobs to people and contribute

greatly to our economy.

CHEMISTRY RELATED CAREERS

Many careers rely on the knowledge of chemistry. The following are some of the careers:

1. Chemist
2. Doctor

3. Biochemist

4. Bioengineer

5. Pharmacist

6. Pathologist

7. Nutritionist

8. Chemical engineer

9. Food technologist

10. Forensic scientist

11. Geologist

12. Science lecturer

13. Pollution controller

Chemists Forensic scientists Chemical engineer

Nutritionist
SCIENTISTS IN CHEMISTRY FIELD

PAUL JOHN FLORY

Was born on 19 June 1910 at Sterling Illinois

Physical chemistry and known for polymers

Being awarded as:

 Nobel Prize for Chemistry (1974)

 Priestley Medal (1974)

 Perkin Medal (1977)

Died in 1985
PAUL JOHN FLORY’S CONTRIBUTION:

1. Introducing the important concept of chain transfer to improve the kinetic

equations and remove difficulties in understanding the polymer size distribution.

2. Inventing the process for making nylon and neoprene.

3. Development of a theory that explains the process of gelation which involves

cross-linking in polymers to form a gel-like substance.

4. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1974 for his fundamental

achievements, both theoretical and experimental, in the physical chemistry of

macromolecules.