Department of Chemical Engineering, NITK

CH250: Heat Transfer

Assignment -III
Due Date: 20-04-2022

1) Saturated vapour of ethanol at 1 atm pressure condenses on a vertical plate

maintained at 60°C by cooling water.
(a) Calculate the length of the plate over which the condensate film remains laminar.
What is the thickness of the film at the end of the laminar zone?
(b) If the plate is 0.5 m in length, calculate the distance over which the film becomes
turbulent. Determine the average heat transfer coefficient and the rate of
condensation in this zone.
(c) Calculate the average heat transfer coefficient for the entire plate.

2) Saturated steam condenses at 1 atm pressure on a vertical wall, 1 m high,

maintained at a uniform temperature of 78°C. If film condensation occurs, calculate
the following at a location 0.5 m below the top of the plate: (a) the film thickness,
(b) the average velocity of the condensate, and (c) the local heat transfer
coefficient. Also, calculate the average heat transfer coefficient over the total
length of the plate.

3) Radiant energy with an intensity of 700 W/m² strikes a flat plate normally. The
absorptivity is twice the transmissivity and 2.9 times its reflectivity. Determine the
rate of absorption, transmission, and reflection of energy in W/m².

4) A hot pipe (o.d. = 0.06 m and wall temperature = 150°C) runs centrally through a
bigger pipe, 0.31 m i.d., held at 30°C. If the emissivities of the pipe surfaces are 0.6
and 0.75, respectively, calculate the net rate of heat loss per metre length of the
hot pipe.

5) Two large parallel surfaces at temperatures 500°C and 200°C, and of emissivities
0.8 and 0.6 respectively, are separated by a polished metal plate of emissivity 0.1.
Calculate the rate of heat exchange between the surfaces and also the temperature
of the separating metal plate.

6) Two equal discs of diameter 200 mm each are arranged in two parallel planes 400
m apart. The temperature of the first disc is 500°C and that of the second disc is
300°C. Determine the radiating heat flux between them, if these are (i) black (ii)
gray with emissivities 0.3 and 0.5 respectively.

7) A steam main (e = 0.79) having an outside diameter of 80 mm runs in a large room

in which the air temperature is 27°C. The surface temperature of the steam main is
300°C. Calculate the loss of heat to surroundings per metre length of pipe due to
radiation. Calculate also the reduction in heat loss if the above pipe is enclosed in a
brick conduit (at 27°C) of emissivity 0.93.

8) A double-walled spherical vessel used for storing liquid oxygen consists of an inner
sphere of 30 cm diameter and an outer sphere of 36 cm diameter. Both the surfaces
are covered with a paint of emissivity 0.5. The temperature of liquid oxygen stored
is -183°C whereas the temperature of the outer sphere is 20°C. Calculate the
radiation heat transfer through the walls into the vessel and the rate of evaporation
of liquid oxygen if its latent heat of vapourization is 213.54 kJ/kg

9) A thermos flask consists of two walls the space between which is evacuated to
reduce the heat losses from the contents to the surroundings. The surfaces facing
each other are silvered with a paint of emissivity 0.02. If the contents of a thermos
flask are at 100°C and the ambient temperature is 24°C, compute the heat loss from
the flask. It is proposed to produce the same insulation effect by using cork surface
between the hot and cold ends. Calculate the thickness of the cork sheet taking its
thermal conductivity as 0.0419 W/mK.

10) Two parallel plates 0.5 by 1.0 m are spaced 0.5 m apart. One plate is maintained
at 1000°C and the other at 500°C. The emissivities of the plates are 0.2 and 0.5,
respectively. The plates are located in a very large room, the walls of which are
maintained at 27°C. The plates exchange heat with each other and with the room,
but only the plate, surface facing each other are to be considered in the analysis.
Find the net heat transfer to each plate and to the room.

11) Two parallel plates 2 m x 1 m are placed 1 m apart facing each other. Their
temperature and emissivity values respectively are 500°C and 0.8, and 300°C and
0.5. Estimate the net radiant heat transfer between the two plates. If another
identical plate (e = 0.6) is introduced between the two plates equidistant from each,
find its temperature and the heat gained by the colder plate due to its presence.
12) Two parallel plates 3 m x 2 m, placed 1 m apart, are maintained at 500°C and
200°C; their respective emissivities being 0.3 and 0.5. If the temperature of the
room in which these plates and located is 40°C, estimate the heat lost by the hotter
plate. Consider radiation only.

13) The top and bottom surfaces of a cylindrical furnace of size 60 cm in diameter
and 100 cm high are maintained at 1000 K and 700 K. Their respective emissivities
are 0.8 and 0.7. Assuming the cylindrical wall to be a refractory surface, compute
the heat transfer from the top surface to the bottom surface. (The shape factor
between the two surfaces = 0.1).

14) A boiler furnace lagged with plate steel (e=0.6) is laid with fire clay brick (e =
0.8) on the inside. The distance between the lagging and setting brick is 300 mm and
it may be assumed small compared with the size of the furnace. Calculate the loss
of heat per unit area between the lagging and setting if these are at 400 K and 323
K respectively.

15) A radiation shield of emissivity 0.6 is now introduced between the brick setting
and lagging of the furnace. Compute the radiating flux between these and the loss
of heat by radiation to surroundings.

16) A heated polished copper plate is immersed in a pool of water boiling at

atmospheric pressure. If the surface temperature of the copper plate is maintained
at a temperature of 113°C, determine the surface heat flux and the evaporation rate
per unit area of the plate.

17) Water at atmospheric pressure is boiled in a kettle made of copper. The bottom
of the kettle is flat, 30 cm in diameter and is maintained at a temperature of 118oC.
Calculate the rate of heat required to boil water. Also estimate the rate of
evaporation of water from the kettle.

18) Heat flux at a rate of 0.7 MW/m² is supplied to a brass plate which is submerged
horizontally in water at atmospheric pressure. Estimate the surface temperature of
the plate in nucleate boiling.

19) A horizontal platinum wire of 1.27 mm diameter is used as a heating element for
water at saturation temperature and atmospheric pressure. Estimate the mean heat
transfer coefficient if the boiling takes places in the stable film boiling regime with
an excess temperature of 650°C. Assume emissivity of platinum as unity.

20) A metallic element (emissivity = 1) of 6 mm diameter is submerged horizontally

in a water bath. Determine the power dissipation per unit length of the heater
assuming its surface temperature as 255°C in stable film pool boiling.

21) Saturated steam at 54.44°C condenses as a film on the outside surface of a 25.4
mm O.D. 3.66 m long vertical tube. The tube surface is maintained at a temperature
of 43.33°C. Calculate the average condensation heat transfer coefficient and the
rate of steam condensation at the bottom of the tube.

22) A vertical tube 12.5 mm diameter and 1.7 m long is used for condensing steam at
0.4 bar. The tube surface temperature is maintained at 54°C. Determine the average
heat transfer coefficient in condensation. What would be the value of the heat
transfer coefficient if the plate were held in a horizontal position?

23) A 4 cm O.D., 1 m long tube is to be used to condense steam at atmospheric

pressure. The water flows inside the tube maintaining the wall surface at 60°C.
Estimate the mass of condensate for the tube in (i) horizontal position & (ii) vertical
position.