N=16 - Log N=18 - Coulomb N=20 - Yukawa

0.2 Umin 0.4 Umin 0.2

dU
dk3 0.0

|(dkd 23U)2 |
0.2
0.4
0.2

0.6 0.4

0.0
0.6

0.8
0.2 0.8

1.0
1.0

0.4
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
|k 3| |k3| k
| 3|