A pplicadions f [arbrad Osfferen dah Guabows Int yodackron ~ In pp Kel matbemalics, #he pod tio Asffefenbed perks 4 em fron the mahenalica fotnatehor of plysiel pblems, Sabjeak te ctx gi Grol. Gilel bowlary Grel:frons = sulk an opurtion is Known 24 soluag a bowl ary vale = The mebhecl f Sola (rar f suok. equokions offers from thal used Ale case ovalinaty Aiffrensial equolons We first fiahonk the gensroA solohor ¢ the. orcnaty Arfereval ayucloe ard Aefomine He particular soldier With the help of gion Gnd hws: Here, fame the sta, wey & freA particular setokars of te Patil Aefferenda op urbos which salisfy all Me bowralary Gnekibons - Medhoel + eqacohor af Variables is employe to Solve the app icot Partid “ioe brad cpeation Methoot of Separedhon of Var tab! ef 8 Tollcs mee ule assume Hed Hee olepeacloak vavtable is the frooluek of 7 fink cock of which inddies only one of te inal eporetouh Vartables, So ture aelinaty ol flrade ayeehone fe fornel. Exanp '5 3- - st of 3 Uy 4 2Uy =o whee Oy = Sy 2 235 Bao oll = Kea Hep ee ee ax te ee Y 2 2y y ay ay aVM w2k2b we PE MX a 2 he Ee VEE [ue ox ae NX 22X45 y ft “Ley we lV eo -Ky+G fe “ea Yue agra EDS ee «€ a he AEs ~€ «f& (4-2) uzAeBZ _ 2% Be el Ute koly = 2-YR-R-YS xx = y & 22% ie RK eK nv =e Lek a Ve LX aK \ x XK & Y Hoe Xe YS AX alk 5 fex AY EX a9 AY KY mit-am -« =° 9 (m- Jom Bec! meee see (roe 2 Y2Ge 2 al liek. . Geveex aé oo GRD K ceva), z .[4e +4 “lq &ee ae where ULyo 26 eX “ 2T = ce lh de ky TH ewe TR ee RE ets aT 2 T 4X: at ax axe TR eax BrXT = Bly xr Jax 1 2k -22t,! ek Kw TK Lak 2 JT CL x ak at! ra AK pn emt or tor . ’ OM Te Et a kK ales X-Gqe@ aie Lue) mere ponve a4 bent waht = & e w Ge Kae 2 OG hn) 2 bE 2 GE we aa e Yho asxehQa-ot eree ke Yoeot Geb = 1h Y 2 Key TO a ae 3x Saxe Text wy a ~ we. -xe ya De “Oe eK yt ms 3 Ly Le pM LER ee TH eT dk, Let en ee Te 1 ak. x at « AK 2 KX Ea piak wo mae FE fn (gee ICG ee 45ND Ki ee VEX nae ofex Jet) = GE Ces Garg htG S41 C (AGHE HABANEH) £4 @ sve +) ak Jat= Sak = CA G5 Ve A Gy 0» Aro suk 2 B save & & Bel Yee! aK Jame & satPe J wd) = sink nal ere See Y Gest) 2° 42 eT wer ~ Ut x Ok x" xX? rey rc Rr Kat Se Kae week wT oh . : T Satkt See oh dE ay e a bet 3X Te Bh - XK = - = wT, aT=e° m= — 4 zo mye 2 oD mia =o ae dK are mg = iM anna we Tn cy Os hk UM ah OK Ve (ae +ee J Ces snk ee sa 20) ak (Y=) wp yle#) = Sak nde gob) _—_© skh = (e+ a) Ces aA ke oe) 7 ye W) #8 cm «, o«) a ee n Jee sub bs Then sink = Ce (OMA gat) § Aasntes sa nacseey Acs Ab co = fA L (=! y Kel Bom AL = on1 Bs fee ee 3 re — U3) = 40 436 xX = y 3 po te Keats wake fy @ Berl ee 7 Y 5 a5 8 pega wk aK uk SOY Yeo HE ee LR May ey Lox..3 Woe ae % % Y 5 K eek Se or 1 ak oe a “Y mek Lk y kX me" S wy X-Gge ae a ww kec-¥) ie U=Ge «2 € oak Yo -#3 ak Koy =e £30 = OG @ Which conn tre. wed neg) Mu. qge * Me 2G a) ken Cx 4) We Ge +e = LZ) Kee) -2y oa Sie 4G = h€ 8 wo atlas 3% ox) 4 2G ae wet 24 430 o Hen he’ © Ke Leb w ke olf 3 Ga 16x-4 Q 24e@ oeBer ; os ree dey 24 ye WeXx-Y DY Xx Se =X mw oy Dy a wx 4 coe yee Le, ys +3X> 1S a exis 07 ore Lue oe a Y%y 2X oa no vA BAK en E me 3h me -4 pee ont sak oO ere " Povey hee Hee- Ge eA € = A. -4g ane 2m ok Uo) 4) = 4e 8 sé zhe =A e) 4 hre Ten ye 4 gen Dt en eee 16x-69 263K-4) car 9) K-79 se au = He +3 © aint *Fl ye ye hen lord) 20; th ard) 20 “t ae Wine) #0 Sin BEE pny sim QRX— lo sm4EK lh Ux key TH BT Te a ct Pe de ae Dent w mek aah xe a t cro 28 mys 2 ie Ke Key TH = Ci Ceerkes) © ey 4 eeeX Bey ak Uo, 6) 20 © Ce & CGz0 pic2h Ulle, 6) = 0 = Cy C% #loCs) co ae C=? Le] UGjo) = 50 sin EK dy Smany -lo SWARK Ganneh shesfes Le at oo én s mek ee 2 Tee cee see Aece fr ee *) -E(p re of) nee pict af Ulot) 20 a OF bo Ch48) © (A+8) <0 UeRe bo EK &) wf . oce aN Le wee ne (Ee -e ) “ie mi L ane eee ae “4 (ct -e)) eo » Yale impossi nhiee ab, el ,t | thA che Gant shifes bc => Aa-8 [feo eureif cm m= HE yma 2 FE 46 Te ae y Xe a AcGce a we ae (a 6 (Em % salEx) = @ (hcr [Fae om /¥x) Oo ad 61 ak Ue ao =e (A) e Avo sb a2 Be sm(EK ub ad BC2 gh ulet) soe & € sah wo ee HOH ES FO sale /£ 20 2 OT oe eo Ht 8 50 3 a y = . ls mR pes ah UK) = Fo Sm TE pia SHZRK lo SMARK = B su mB x Jeb b k, 5m OBE 1 abn som TR Kerbs sm ME wo bo sm EEK 4D se ane = be SM HRK ee ee ee to Tass Saki by ote, ME aK mmente iS bee cig He =x m beadsSve UU Uw) Ho AGye) = So sm FE BS 2-25, =o Sim Ty gay sian x losin ark wt = U(10,6) =o * he GtCeX ae U = CO te X) Cy = ics OOK ak Yro a Uwe/d)e0 = acs a 8 =? ak Kalo => Ul, 4) = © = Cx Cs 2 1S at tro ep WL 0) Bo TE x gto SHARE lose ok sahis res 6 2 . aT. at 4 ee? Re a ante me ah a Tees’ WK _ AY Fe ce mi. NW =e ie aK Xe ae 4G€ -AK ane 2h ny hx ur tateae )Se = € (acese) nek at Keo pil ro = eo CAeR) & AAS =e op Az-B ahh he NK usre (@e-2@ ) my22 eh &ok Xele aus BH sto Pures BE Ce Rees Aro os. tod ba ! ( Be oC We WK CO Beer er oan a mye -ak oe TH’ mig hoo a cdi om Ke GGsak + & snk Me ae 1 a Ceca ak ee shh) © (nes -e May > [R=| oh tse Ute -2h' ah Kel > ay RB sivlod oe EE de AE Fe eB e su MEK Bo su SEX ede BALKK lo SM ARK F RSH Aer 8 sa AQ) ep Staledro & bhe MK ne x To ak U(X) = aby Sm ME 4 be Sem Meyy by Sm EX 1s ve te Bo Lis = ooh ne 45 ue Be bie 2b Be he oe ested nsk a Ny 40 7 oe 24h °bel we ear eu Owe g wv ow —,- = Se > Ok 2 Bl ax te -3y xy 2 2s a Aww oH 24 7 + ii = = € OSX pert FA Ux 2 Uy 424 3K where Ulye) = 6 & ox where a= #2 whenkeo if Wey) = 7K -bxt where Ulr4) 20 1 zz Uy 3) = Ire J where UCGo) EKApphafves a if [1 One. Dimensional Heat Flow 2 Leh beak flow al a bo f wefan Grass SeaAiove the oivebion. fefoolicu lay” fo the cyess ~Seakion. fede ane ¢ the baras orignal He oerohion of heal fl isa Keats. lel the fenperalue. of & bare ay bome £ at aporid x olistance from theongn be Wye) Then He efuarkor fone dimensional ha [hus is Be oe. == rt aes mB ee, Ue) so UG Ho br $0 5 “at Ba Uae) s eo for odedh us Xa TH -T YX 2X =) = 2 whee Bao Xe wT etek oT LX eae xa a Xe le get ag ei gee Cee, Cu, che Lowe Le er 2 © xiao Ee cKT BAL ex pt 2 =c me Ck ms teh Cao dC for He het ee Cae sabicly andhlion) ‘ Then me - NE pag FHA —_ eee Xa Ge shhees tn he oki Kt Ueaty = Ge (en sk ney en) = (Aes Aa BswAx) eh ast jo eh w& Azo wat) RES siwhx Mt -eKL he ca wht ee Be AM om Ot beige we shl a Mle meehel al B.C Us) co = Hey Uae) = eM ame c he x hLc.8 pple) slo = B FAZER a Uo) «be 2 bys Eo ie Eh gb oO Mente AE aaeg Wen = by @ sae bye sae = bw eH sek rs us 9Zl And of tenth with jasulahed sides is tattrally ok a uncforie Femperahort th. les enels ave suckhen’y Goled be O° avol are Kap ab teh temPeratuce. Prove that the femporahure fanchor ¥ G89 wen by . eh a ME AG)» Z be sa AGF € ; there. bates Adbermansck freon the. epuatvons Ob = Z, men thx Sl wee eek Greaclin. operon is ae a WK wa “ok Uw Ken, 1) = en oH TS mm. Ke © UK (wl YK Yo TS ae ae Batol 2K. cr + ae aT _ypetr-o Ak ex -o m, = KC mus alc oe. Dien IA te a ‘é T=Gé mys tA we XHGE4GE Ge Leo TeG YK eatan aes elo ah leh ba B® mye BE ogg FD Ket ie ft © K 2 CeGs AK +Qowhn Rete ie Ucneds Ge CeeesAxeG SmAx) = € © Ones Aveld sme) Att, Ade ak x20 pico =e eA we Ree PME BE sm Mx Ke ah Kel Ueo 2 Be sinhl wm Rte Sm ALemh deme Wuie Be Sa OE oF bm sm TE « al, t20 ap UsUo = Eb ne(2) Gjucdion of Vibrating String ? ag omar ae Gertler an elastic shang tyhtly stvelchel befreen wo pk Oa A-LeLObe fhe orgie ak OA as Kats. ae aswoll olxplacement o the sheng pepecbcwers Lenghe parle to the y axis). Lek y be Ae olisplacemenk af the privk Poy) ab any bine : Wate Ce lore opuehon At ae = ae ia] , Se Xen)” an 2. sates a8 a. x By 2%: KE, LOX we x xx eT = ,. oe 1 uw ed ot 1 Mk Ly Lox Te We © olh* KK? x Oe PK ix 20 lx fer wcT =o ole tsud Mun nny Pen a ee EK eX LU X2Ge rGe a. cat Gsel Kyo T2G€ +Ge Gser tzo T=G+at y X =6h GX Gsee myo oF’ Q rigg 2 FV Gis k 60 CG GSC 4G Sm erR) X 2 CG CSV x 4G SmvEx) Y [e, Gs ere eG sin [LG Csve K 4G 5nee]A wy wy tla ome occ cn Mob afem Ore the + ye Y Gye) 2 SiaBh-4Fialok OCKEE Wey ata ers oCLen 2 Jeg ls Fs mtl (an sin nial be cs nxt) mit ae To ou -TE or 3h Ye Key To Ba TE Bee as ee ME me Kw BE VL 2 at BY Lee 1 wk \ X Se icw3 es oe Lut. -* Lue. * ar te K Ke att aah 20 Es +X 20 mee ane mia ht ve rue © #1RN 22h Mya = #h T ages ahtegemeAe X acfeshe 45 4K Ju,b = Ges ahhh in 2d) Ges hx spin) ak Yooh) 20 = (6 Gs hea x & GAO Yeu 2 C4 Sm AK CG conte Cosmet) 2 sm hx CP eset +R sm 2h) ah Yeq,b) <0 = sm MF (NecankeBsin24h) & SaARE mR ae hom ‘ e Youd) 2 Si mR (AGs2hbt Bom 2h) Zyrent las Ab G sonsiae Mt) wy E smmx (-afawinedt 424g 06244) + E snmn Ceamh sraank eoncsend) ~ ad ST mel 2 2B (yey = asmK tone = (Eten x tm ae Ett semioe foo x by «2m a fey. seama aly . \ J cast o5enf swank AX ake { cesmanrenl) Simm AX a a J Yoyo) = Sin 3K - Seal = Zz ae CA) = Z A Sim = Je) x On Bf toy ome cht . & J Comsn Jai) = z sma [O04 wh Sen bok) Sh dx + ky pel . 4 Seno) Sram ob (ooasesnt somalExample ¢ PH eo ote WE Yeast) = Udse0,b) <0 ike UGare ¢ & © bee bf Weta) Sm AE xhe fo oo “Efe ste ne cad " Ae Sik hy dic eae eel ‘et oe ie [es ns -1] eee 2 foe as SJ ate (ie os SB) +4 (ore - Cont) nh bye 2 bee BE To 6. at, ah = Be sa Bx +2 © se BEX gePreblenss Ino lving Vibrebiors of Oscrllakons 5 oon App licalivn bo vibrating stings y ou 2 OY re te 4 I one olimensroncel Wave ey, Y= Xo Tey 2 BK a @ wx BT Be % 7 ar 3r Be xX Lo ee ett T wx KU att he Lye Since He shiny is fot ah both ends Yous) =o yates & bye ancl fight stefeleed which give Some inital olisplace meek fey them relersenA Jou) =f VA Ceo tis bre me yee eee Kerk, Lo = (eH) 2 (wen) oo Ye BK oseg k Yo - 41 ok ae mye ET ee Ke-% L-= (9-5, ) = m2 (KG) & Je - 2h (aek) « wa bexgt where fy is the velocity Jace C sme the shiny is veleseol from vest). es 6h Tees arene oe 5 2 aerate eats m+ qh =o mty Ke ee mr 2 FAA vy 2 Fi A Te 6, Gs aNtr Ce Ban ht Ye css hk + CasaMent) = G Gs hb a GS AML) (G Gr AK +O 504) ah K=0 oH 02 (G Gs GAkt Cp sim ddd) G 2% Geo Jo, 2 (Gasahle G@and4d) % su Ax ab rel wlebeo = (6 Gsdh tec Sma t) oH swAl so Cape ge SALE AR om Arenxa deh Vcgl) = (G65 BE 4 Sm MEL) Cy Sen K 1) X ie abc 4» Bs #8) cy SHE y lew? * a cee CG SARK 20 ap ETP Jue G ak ¢ £4 SH BK 2 Gr UE su shh The gow. evah anton of hegiven pallens deeb) = Zh Gs ake sm tex foo « Zn fm ie which is half ange Four eer seves L beat ff sia EK ax -£fbens che of tm mE gal L t - Pes xem Fede ge (10 se Eade © 24 = om hx x suah« CHS 7 ' nes ' plea s “a 1% ~~ ° oon ° a san wk wax : & K t x bee ho as" xr de See a t £ sn Sx] qos sf ew: bastenr.Ab Ca-£) £ snk U sm MEL ac nm SEB ae - ab [-t eG ca WL L 7% Le bel RR eee Str ag? = ee SK] hf aS = wt owtx® 2 wt 2 eo om < ex, 2 es — Ee Gs ae x snthx RE yet we - Lc a& [+ Gs BRL MEX + ee SAE HE x an SK +h, os SARE « sm hx | 6 LExamples mA sheng Jeng fh A is faslvol of both ens Danke. Aba Avsfance a fim teenth, the. string is transversely icplcod to aclistance of ant is velenseel from real when Lis iwAhis Position final He epson of she subsequerd me bon bya sol Tt at xe = Key Tur Wor ek Wek 2, ye = 7 w we T Sx Re BKM a aT \ Ss a oe Sa ee Xe TE we Re Oe Since the ay is five A pot evls at xeo th) ant veh (at C)- atizo W yb) =° ai faghty Joos hick gure some what dlesplacenen’ fo ten velersed eae by Juve = foo Elev eee eae oe ea a-o a yee Cen) ede dx dds . eee L-a 4-4 Sede ee OD I? a where velvcily W ve al teo 4, does a a ane disp ba cemenk ah 4220'S 4 ue) © dot) acc aLThem — pow. pe. o rere ee obT htt z0 Ax +X 20 oltt x mi +e zo m+ =0 mize FICK ms4 = Fi Ts G Gs Chl Cosmet X 2 es Gs Aer Gr Sim Ax Jegey = (Gs cee as 68) (Gs Os AK + Crsr/hx) & feo or tha =0 = (GGse% +Gsmchl) G > cgee Ae) = Co Ges cts & simrch£) G sinhk ak Kok we Yeb-o = Cu Cschb + Gsmcht) G sma so CePo ep su ALe nk w» AL enw » he a Sout) = (c, Gs EEE a ce sin EE Eb) Gy sie uEK at 2 =e > (E amit ge fe ie es () case rE tEG « cy sm EX so =e Gee a ££ Te general soluhor of the gion problem is 2 ty IE 4eqt) = ee Gs WL. sm x Jub) = Ce OE ME Lg ONT x t= 2b sem ME ae EZ be. rma x Which 16 half Wage Fonte ene tes beet fe om Ba de 3 fe sat dee ifs sn Exe' at by = 22 « a [xe ue Sek — SK (x2) a x J Ny Gs WK x ! = \* z De « eZ fix £ csk ey L sank, ag ae Re 2, ‘ 4 3 2k ~ ot) £ as Fx +Z, sans La-0 « eK el a ne “Po He [ooo se Bale vals Gea & sin ta all. mm £ Si & eK sin ky cat). 2 Lara s Z sinnky +5 wee L + 2df sin tha agunt ee ee @-a)Lnin® +-4] + a ak a Af x om thy a ca-L) Zz -« -& -4f a (a-2) sim wt + 2 anak sa tH Gs RE Jou) = BAL, Zo Pe eT ONG a(f-a)%° nel VOA denny = of sm Ex J case ol sm Sx ws ABE fa Sow. a4 vy St =. wate. 4. dewey = Xoo ™ JT BK» ae wk Fx = ae a 3b x = xe se es > wr, LES --0 x Fe Txt cae {e a ae eT, tat ao dK, kee Mye = FIA ° Toc Grahtre smatt x seh aee (C.Gs ah b + sim Mt) (Cp GsAK+GSin OD Jap = ae 6550 ak yoo w Jub? = (E60 ad kr 5mm 46) & sin ADL) <4 Sint 20 ey Cato ah kel wud 2 (Ges smhl ez anh 4G AK ee AL nh & he ne Jeutre Cg Gs VEE Gon ak lw sim (BX we BE 6, rn hd wl ser (-% c, sn 4 UE sede) cy sm 6K x ae Ge PGs eso: oy Te Jealre cas de 4a ™ WhK 2 Gs AEG Sm we The genmrak, pores te Sa & F bon Gs HEE sm nx ak bo adie) = ls EK = A eb, ¥ “ya eby7° Yuubre & sm EK os Ht ab wel z by Gs 9 sa thx = Eg on Be hie BahrO fecal SE « Bye here ae whee B is He olanp ied Gnglrd Csimilar/” fo a : ae = Xu Tw oT we 2 ree = aus = -X - ae x2 = ee wr Boe EK et me Tor wena XK - A L 1 1 it ar ee ies 4 At pal pahT= . AS ob eats AH Athee apm phe He meal + oe f oe i ‘i CC Aiea Sin NK eG s Ai Ce SS ~ hi (OR PH Ply ae = Janeen =? Lek T. ey dese 2 é a Gs zo = wot 4 Sa) Gi osheperse he) Fog esl Gn OIL 6 y zo Fe ah eo wht Ja) < a (cy Os b+ Gy sin Wh) G Sin hX ahha Leute = eos suf 1G nO Cy shh 20H goa ours Rates hoe whet sm MEX v 4 4, whe € (Geswt+ G Sn b) # Cesy 64, E 0 ak Er -(¢ 2 wes Gad + os Cswha-B © ty o 6 62 40y b5ul + oy sytfl «be 1Gasm Bx C£s 4G) KS sm 1S x ro ph do Wu =o G=0 4 oa ; f a = € 4G Gut «aseSx 2 BE saree fF | : aaa BY, z Jaoee * Eke ae A o(/" eae £) lee =[wBW Lg Qe et J = Xy Tw aw The WT 2x TS ~3- > oT ST Bex Ry o> Set Xe < Re 1 wt, ey 7 XM ao TT ey ut cL Bee cd G at oa eT ‘ me meth Fo teh zo mye 2 Fi aA Wag 2 53% hae G Gs ahs % swat) (G Gshx + Cy Sin tee!) ah Keo wr lesb=o 7° Reo w Mbenh ahd aye eye der & Yuh) = (G es BE b+ Gsm AME) ey sa 2 smth x (As ae +8 sin9E €) 2 2 sm 1k (gy oom OE ba by Gs SHEL) z fon - Zee eS Yjw-Z ss An om 1 bu “Ef foo tbe ta tek gue’ By alx = pf seste olxSly shake Tend Ine aso ie oli mensoaak bent Golithon stendy stale Bt UE xe xt Bye 4ede~ oe y4 XCxe) =O Boxy = Key” do + a =e eer = oye) = Uo " ae Ax * OK yy tt x Bee =f wh, =e oe “ St y Le Ph oo qi agen) z0 © kis positive and is oyael to as ro ote =n yo wae erty tth m Kage 4 oe Y 2 cerns + Oy SoS @ tis ee miso se mytz6 U wtco & Mukee XKeqre YeG Pon Oks negabite anh i sequel to A weg hteo mmye oFih yo om Mao & M54 2 at 4 X= Gs MK 4 Cowher ee fy the, Gnditron [ak x20 @ AerP gel (rs ® Gannak Saeki The Soullsn® 5 bat co oe fs] & The solukto ® Grnek She oy The Grabs fron , a3 = ( goo wale Ge. Kae ee? “ wo leit ak Ke lw Rl, eto SE KREG SAKK ro ae a fO ap sulneo ole Leola nh ue = Wk . waist ug pe & & + Gor Ek -he ae os hx eats al a wed he Em € wel i on B C4ox)|_ =e at f fod x wz {Gods ai c 2& 4. +h ), ° So bn G, 1g 4 be & cde +2 (coed ee fa BIE xk +f «es Ex g “ele cm ay ee 2) . ae (39% - sent (sj - ‘ ae ‘ Z gels k asa at Gs EK y- Uy d) = 50+ #(t é24 38 a2 +e J Uuede Serre Ws Kay Yoo wm _Y 2X DA 2Y ae so X 2 a yx% OK ge oe a xy > Sosy ae ax 2 ly hy Cs#e y sintehere oh wey net Hin) 2 Ge ag smtEx <8 € . on hx : ACE ah boo a Wes) = 100 HA GR = Be sum BK ih sah Be bo U wel