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A Review On Evidence Based Practice of Ginkgo Biloba in Brain Health
A Review On Evidence Based Practice of Ginkgo Biloba in Brain Health
A Review On Evidence Based Practice of Ginkgo Biloba in Brain Health
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Review Article
AR. Mullaicharam
ABSTRACT
The brain is the platform for our mental health. But there is a growing body of evidence, and a number of significant voices are
championing the role of diet in the care and treatment of people with mental health problems. Ginkgo biloba leaf extract has
shown beneficial effect in treating impairments in memory, cognitive speed, activities of daily living (ADL), edema, inflammation
and free-radical toxicity associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI), Alzheimer’s dementia, stroke, vaso-occlusive disorders, and
aging. The purpose of this chapter is to provide the mechanisms of action, clinical indications, and safety of Ginkgo biloba extract
(GBE).
Key words: Ginkgo biloba, Pharmacology, Memory impairment, Safety issues, Dosage forms.
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glucose, rhamnose, hydroxykinurenic, kynurenic, coumaric esters1. These compounds are known to
protocatechic, vanillic, and shikimic acids, D-glucaric acid, actmainly as antioxidants/free radical scavengers, enzyme
18.
ginkgolic acid, and related alkyphenols have also been inhibitors, and cation chelators
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isolated. In general, the bioavailability of flavonoids is relatively low
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due to limited absorption and rapid elimination .
Flavonoids in the glycosidic form are poorly absorbed in the
intestine; only in the aglycone form can they be absorbed
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directly . Once absorbed, flavonoids reach the liver where
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they are metabolized to conjugated derivatives .It is
known that the biological activities of flavonoid metabolites
are not always the same as those of the parent
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compound. . There are no adequate studies determining
the dose of Ginkgo extract needed to achieve beneficial
effects, although the recommended dose of standardized
extract, EGb 761, is 40 to 60 mg, 3 to 4 times daily based on
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clinical trials .
Abbreviations: R, randomized; DB, double-blind; SB, single-blind; RPC, randomized placebo-controlled; PC, placebo-controlled; TID, three
times a day; BID, twice a day.
Table 2 shows Dosage of Ginkgo extract and duration of administration required by Etiology/ Symptom and Adverse events7.
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Table 2 : Dosage and duration classified by Etiology/ Symptom and Adverse events.
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Table 3: Investigator, Isolated Component, and Activity
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