SCHOOL OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

A MINI PROJECT REPORT

ON
“AUTOMATIC WATER LEVEL INDICATOR”
Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of

BACHELOR OF
TECHNOLOGY IN
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Submitted by

HARSHA D (R21EP801)
MANI KIRAN (R21EP802)
SARITHALA ASHRAFF (R21EP803)
MUNI REDDY (R21EP804)

Under the guidance of

Prof SAVITHA PR
School of ECE
REVA University

APRI 2022
Rukmini Knowledge Park, Kattigenahalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru-560064
www.reva.edu.in
SCHOOL OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

A MINI PROJECT REPORT

ON
“AUTOMATIC WATER LEVEL INDICATOR”
Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of

BACHELOR OF
TECHNOLOGY IN
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Submitted by

HARSHA D (R21EP801)
MUNI KUMAR REDDY (R21EP804)
SARITHALA ASHRAFF (R21EP803)
MANI KIRAN (R21EP802)

Under the guidance of

Prof SAVITHA PR
School of ECE
REVA University

APRIL 2022
Rukmini Knowledge Park, Kattigenahalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru-560064
www.reva.edu.in
2
 DECLARATION

We, HARSHA D(R21EP801),MANIKIRAN(R21EP802),SARITHALA ASHRAFF(R21EP803),MUNI

REDDY (R21EP804) students of B.Tech, School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, REVA
University, declare that this Mini Project Report / Dissertation entitled “AUTOMATIC WATER
LEVEL INDICATOR” is the result the of project / dissertation work done by us under the supervision
of PROF Savitha PR School of ECE, REVA University, Bengaluru.

We are submitting this Project Report / Dissertation in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award
of the completion in 3rd semester of Bachelor of Technology in Electronics and Communication
Engineering by the REVA University, Bengaluru during the academic year 2021-2022.

We further declare that this project / dissertation report or any part of it has not been submitted for award
of any other Degree / Diploma of this University or any other University/ Institution.

(Signature of the Student)

Signed by us on APRIL 2022.

Certified that this project work submitted by Mr. HARSHA D(R21EP801), Mr. MUNI KUMAR
(R21EP804), Mr. MANI KIRAN (R21EP802), Mr. SARITHALA ASHRAFF(R21EP803) has been carried
out under my / our guidance and the declaration made by the candidate is true to the best of my
knowledge.

Signature of Guide Signature of Director

Date: April 2022 Date: 30 dec 2021
Official Seal of the School

3
 SCHOOL OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the mini project work entitled “AUTOMATIC WATER LEVEL INDICATOR”
carried out under my / our guidance by HARSHA D(R21EP801),SARITHALA ASHRAFF(R21EP803),
MANI KIRAN(R21EP802),MUNI KUMAR REDDY(R21EP804) are bonafide students of REVA
University during the academic year 2020-2021, is submitting the mini project report in partial fulfillment
for the completion in 3rd semester of Bachelor of Technology in Electronics and Communication
Engineering during the academic year 2020-2021. The mini project report has been approved as it satisfies
the academic requirements in respect of Project work prescribed for the said Degree.

Signature with date Signature with date

Prof SAVITHA P.R

Dr. R.C. Biradar
Guide
Director

Name of the Examiner with affiliation Signature with Date

1.

2.

4
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We feel it’s our duty to acknowledge the help rendered to us by various persons. With
immense pleasure, we express our sincere gratitude, regards and thanks to our project guides
Prof. SAVITHA PR, School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, REVA
University, Bengaluru for providing us with enough technical guidance, motivation and all the
support needed throughout the course of our project work. We can never forget their valuable
guidance and timely suggestion given to me.

We thank Dr. Rajashekhar C. Biradar, Director, School of Electronics and

Communication, REVA University, Bengaluru for extending his full support and co-operation.

We wish to record our profound and sincere gratitude to our Vice-Chancellor Dr. M
Dhanamjaya, REVA University, Bengaluru for extending his full support and co-operation by
allowing me to do the project in the establishment.

We are profoundly indebted to our Year Wise Coordinator-2nd Year Prof. Ravi Shankar
D. School of ECE, REVA University, Bengaluru for his innumerable acts of timely advice.

We like to thank our entire Teaching and Non-Teaching Faculty for their support and
Friends for their friendship making the life at REVA enjoyable and memorable.We would like
to thank one and all who directly or indirectly helped me in completing the project successfully.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table of Contents Pg. No

Abstract 08

Chapter 1
Introduction 09
Chapter 2
Literature Survey 10
Chapter 3
Problem Definition 11
Chapter 4
Implementation 11-12
Chapter 5
Components 13-14
Chapter 6
Result and Conclusion 15

Reference 16

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LIST OF FIGURES: Page No.

Fig 4.1 : Block Diagram 11

Fig 4.2 : circuit diagram 11

Fig 4.1.1 : Prototype 12

Fig 5.1 : bread board 14

Fig 5.2 : NE555timer IC 14

Fig 5.3 : Buzzer 14

Fig 5.4 : 9-12v battery 14

Fig 5.5: capacitor 14

Fig 5.6: resistors 14

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 ABSTRACT

The drinking water crisis in Asia is reaching alarming proportions. It might very soon attain the nature of global
crisis.

Hence, it is of utmost importance to preserve water for human beings.

In many houses there is unnecessary wastage of water due to overflow in overhead tanks.

Automatic Water Level Indicator and Controller can provide a solution to this problem. The operation of water
level controller works upon the fact that water conducts electricity due to the presence of minerals within it. So
water can be used to open or close a circuit.

As the water level rises or falls, different circuits in the controller send different signals.
These signals are used to switch ON or switch OFF the motor pump as per our requirements.

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 Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

We use water pump motors to draw groundwater and fill it in our tanks. There may be cases in which the user
switches ON the motor and forgets it. This leads to wastage of water.

Now to reduce these kinds of water wastage, we are going to build a water level indicator circuit using 555
timer IC.

This is a useful project which detects the water level and gives a signal (buzzer) to the user indicating that the
water has reached the desired level.

To detect the water level we are going to attach two wires in the tank in a height where the user wants the water
level to be maintained. The other end of one wire is connected to VCC and the other end of the other wire is
connected to pin 4 of the IC 555 timer. If the water level reaches the desired level it will short both the wires.
Current flows from VCC to pin 4, which resets the flip flop and triggers the buzzer.

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 Chapter 2
LITERATURE
SURVEY

An automatic water level control detects the water level in the tank and also ensures continues water flow round
the timer because of it’s automatic feature, made up of 555 timer IC with 8 pins.

The level measurement consists of determining the distance from the upper surface of a liquid in a reservoir or
vessel or any arbitrarily chosen mark located above or below the surface by itself.

The level is not an independent physical quantity describing the state of a substance through direct and indirect
level , some examples of direct level measurement are dipstick, capacitor type, liquid level radiation type liquid
level measurement.

For instance the dipstick it is very simple the of the pumping machine when the water in the tank has reached its
maximum level. Circuit has undergone tremendous changes since the invention of a triode by LEE DE
FOREST in 1907

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 Chapter 3
PROBLEM DEFINITION

The total amount of water available on Earth has been estimated at 1.4 billion cubic kilometres,
which is enough to cover the planet with a layer of about 3 kilometers. About 95% of the
Earth's water is in the oceans, which is unfit for human consumption. About 4% is locked in the
polar ice caps, and the rest 1% constitutes all fresh water found in rivers, streams and lakes
which is suitable for consumption. A study estimated that a person in India consumes an
average of 135 litres per day. This consumption would rise by 40% by the year 2025. This
signifies the need to preserve our fresh water resources without wasting them

Chapter 4
IMPLEMENTATION

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 Fig 4.1: Block Diagram Fig 4.2: circuit diagram

We will connect the wires (which shown in the circuit diagram ) to the beaker (NOTE: the distance between
the wires when connected to the beaker should be less ).
Connect the wires to the beaker in such a height that the user wants to maintain the water level.  
Whenever water level crosses that level, it will short both the wires leading it to trigger a buzzer, letting the user
that the water has crossed the desired level. By which the user can take the necessary actions.
After connecting with the beaker and circuit, our project looks like this.

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Fig 4.1.1:final circuit

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.

COMPONENTS LIST

1.BREAD BOARD

2.RESISTORS(1K ohm,100Kohm)

3.CAPACITORS(2.2 mfd)

4.NE 555 TIMER IC

5. CONNECTING WIRES

6.BATTERY

7.BUZZER

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 Chapter 5
COMPONENTS

Fig 5.1: BREAD BOARD

Breadboard is a plastic board with a bunch of tiny holes and is used for building and testing circuits. It has
holes on them which are connected internally in a particular pattern as shown in the below picture. The holes
which are connected through green line represents they are connected internally. The Red line indicates Power,
which is normally connected to the power rail. The Blue line indicates Ground, which is normally connected
to the ground of the circuit. IC’s like Decade Counter can be placed in the middle breadboard to share the 1st
eight pins to the yellow line and the 2nd eight pins to the green lines.

Features and Specifications

 2 Distribution Strips, 200 tie-points

 630 tie-points in IC/ circuit areas
 ABS plastic with color legend
 Dimension: 6.5*4.4*0.3 inch
 Hole/Pitch Style: Square wire holes (2.54mm)
 ABS heat Distortion Temperature: 84° C (183° F)
 Rating: 300/3 to 5Amps
 Insulation Resistance : 500MΩ / DC500V
 Withstanding Voltage : 1,000V AC / 1 minute
 Insertion Wire Size:  21 to 26 AWG wire

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 Fig 5.2: NE555 TIMER IC

The NE555 is a highly stable device for generating accurate time delays or oscillation. Additional terminals are
provided for triggering or resetting if desired. In the time delay mode of operation, the time is precisely
controlled by one external resistor and capacitor. For a stable operation as an oscillator, the free running
frequency and duty cycle are accurately controlled with two external resistors and one capacitor. The circuit
may be triggered and reset on falling waveforms, and the output circuit can source or sink up to 200 mA or
drive TTL circuits.

Features
 • Timing from Microseconds through Hours.

 .Direct Replacement for SE555/NE555

 Operates in Both Astable and Monostable Modes.

 • Adjustable Duty Cycle

 Output Can Source or Sink 200 mA Output and Supply TTL Compatible

 Temperature Stability Better than 0.005% per °C

 • Normally On and Normally Off Output

 • Available in 8-pin VSSOP Package

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Applications

 Precision Timing

 Pulse Generation • Sequential Timing

 Time Delay Generation

 Pulse Width Modulation

 (1) For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at

 the end of the datasheet.

 Pulse Position Modulation Linear Ramp Generator.

PIN DESCRIPTION

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Fig 5.3: BUZZER Fig 5.4: 5V DC Gear

ed motor
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Fig 5.5: capacitor(2.2mfd) Fig 5.6:resistors(1K,100K)

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 APPLICATIONS

• Can be used in water tanks to indicate water levels.

• Fuel tank level gauging.
• Pool water level control.
• Oil tank level control.
• Sewage pump level control.
• Stream level monitoring.
• Tsunami warning and sea level monitoring.

Chapter 6

CONCLUSION

The automatic water level indicator is cost effective and more convenient.
Normally, regulating water levels can consume electricity and wastewater.
However, with automatic controllers, the electricity usage is limited as well as less water
needed to regulate supply

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 REFERENCES

1.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
296543885_AUTOMATIC_WATER_LEVEL_INDICATOR

2. https://quartzcomponents.com/blogs/electronics-projects/water-level-indicator-circuit-with-
alarm-using-555-timer-ic

3. https://www.ijser.org/researchpaper/Water-Level-Indicator.pdf

4. https://www.coursehero.com/file/64251075/water-level-indicatordocx/

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