Chapter 3

Sampling and
Identifies sampling distributions of
Sampling
statistics (sample mean).
Distribution

Lesson 3: Sampling Distribution of Sample Means

This lesson tackles how you can illustrate the sampling distribution of the sample mean that
will help you to better understand your future research. This will also help you analyze real-life
situated problems statistically in terms of relevant questions. Your adeptness at analysis will help
you appreciate the richness, and beauty of Statistics which will motivate you to apply to similar
events and create statistical measures of your own.

Think Tank
After going through this lesson, you are expected to:
1. illustrate sampling distribution;
2. construct a sampling distribution of sample mean; and
3. create a histogram of the sampling distribution of sample mean.

Fresh Hook

In this lesson, you will discover how to create a sampling distribution of the sample mean.
This part consists of three activities to prepare you for the lesson. To begin with, let us review the
concept of combination to tell us the total number of all possible random samples of population size
N taken at sample size n.
Activity 1. Evaluating the Combination of N Objects Taken n at a Time
Evaluate the following.
1. 5C3

2. 3C2

3. 4C2

4. 5C2

5. 4C3

Activity 2. Computing for the Mean of a Sample

Find the mean of the following sets of numbers.
Sample Mean
6. 6, 15, 21, 1
7. 27, 5, 24, 17
8. 22, 11,15,22,19
Activity 3. Constructing Frequency Distribution
The following are the mean scores of Grade 11 students of Quezon National High School.
Construct a frequency distribution for different means.

15.5 13.5 15.5 14 15

14 14.5 16 14.5 13.5

15 16.5 15 13 15.5

16 14.5 14 15.5 15

16 15 16.5 14.5 17

15 13.5 14.5 15.5 17

13 14 12.5 16.5 16
Means Tally Frequency

Discovery Lane

The population of Junior High School consists of numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.

Let us produce a sampling distribution of size 2 by following the steps.
A. First, let us know the combination of N (population size) objects taken n (sample size) at
a time.
Therefore, we have
NCn = 5C2 = ____________________ samples
To get this, we apply the formula of a combination of N taken n at a time, NCn, where N
is the size of the population, and n is the sample size.

B. Then, write all the possible samples and compute the mean of each sample. Now let us
complete the table by computing for the sample mean.
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 Observation Sample Mean
1 1, 2 (1 + 2) ÷ 2 = 3 ÷ 2 = 1.5
2 1, 3 2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

C. Then, construct a frequency distribution of the sample mean.

Sample Mean Frequency
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5

Sampling distribution of the sample means is a frequency distribution of all the sample
mean from all the possible random samples of a particular sample size taken from the
given population.

D. Lastly, we add another column for the probability distribution. The probability distribution
of the sample means is also called the sampling distribution of the sample mean. Since
we have 10 possible outcomes, for the probability, the denominator will be 10 and the
number on the numerator part will be the number of frequencies.

Sample Means Frequency Probability P(x)

1
1.5 1 = 0.10
10
2 1
2.5 2
3 2
3.5 2
4 1
4.5 1

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 In creating a histogram, the x-axis has the sample means while the probability is placed on
the y-axis.
2
10

1
10

0 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5

The histogram of the sampling distribution of the sample mean has a shape like normal distribution
where the highest and lowest means have fewer frequencies as compared to the means at the
center.

On Point

Sampling distribution of the sample means is a frequency distribution using all the sample mean
from all the possible random samples of a particular sample size taken from the given population.
Here are the steps to follow in creating a sampling distribution of the sample mean:

1. Identify the number of sets of all possible random samples that can be drawn from the given
population by using the formula, NCn, where N is the population size and n is the sample size.

In our activity, we are given a population of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 and a sample size of 2, therefore
we have
𝑁! 5! 5! 5∙4∙3∙2∙1
NCn = 5C2 = [𝑛!(𝑁−𝑛)!] = 2!(5−2)! = = (2∙1)(3∙2∙1) = 10
2!3!
*or use your calculator function nCr
1. List all the possible random samples and solve for the sample mean of each set of samples.

Sample Mean
1, 2 1.5
1, 3 2
1, 4 2.5
1, 5 3
2, 3 2.5

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 2, 4 3
2, 5 3.5
3, 4 3.5
3, 5 4
4, 5 4.5

2. Create a frequency and probability distribution table of the sample means indicating its number
of occurrences or the frequency and probability.

Sample Means Frequency Probability P(x)

1
1.5 1 = 0.10
10
1
2 1 = 0.10
10
2
2.5 2 = 0.20
10
2
3 2 = 0.20
10
2
3.5 2 = 0.20
10
1
4 1 = 0.10
10
1
4.5 1 = 0.10
10

Plus Express

A population consists of the values {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}. Consider samples of size 3 that can be drawn
from this population.
a. List down all the possible samples and corresponding sample mean
Sample Sample Means

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b. Construct the sampling distribution of the sample means.
Sample Means Frequency Probability P(x)

c. Draw a histogram of the sampling distribution of the sample mean.

Data Box

Sampling distribution of the sample means is a frequency distribution using all the sample mean
from all the possible random samples of a particular sample size taken from the given population.

Steps in creating a sampling distribution of the sample mean:

1. Identify the number of sets of all possible random samples that can be drawn from the given
population by using the formula, NCn, where N is the population size and n is the sample size.
2. List all the possible random samples and solve for the sample mean of each set of samples.
3. Create a frequency and probability distribution table of the sample means indicating its number
of occurrences or the frequency and probability.

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 Skill Path Extender

Yuna was able to sell several pairs of Marikina shoes that have sizes of 5, 6, 7, and 8.
Consider samples of size 2 that can be drawn from this population.

a. List down all the possible samples and corresponding sample mean.
Sample Sample Mean

b. Construct the sampling distribution of the sample means.

Sample Mean Frequency Probability P(x)

c. Draw a
histogram of the sampling distribution of the sample mean.

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 Check Point

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following distribution refers to the frequency distribution of the sample mean from all
the possible random samples of a particular sample size n taken from the given population?
a. frequency
b. sampling
c. population
d. normal

2. Which of the following is NOT a phase in making sampling distribution of the sample means?
a. Calculate for the standard deviation and variance of the samples.
b. Create a frequency distribution table of the sample mean and
probability.
c. Identify the number of sets of all possible random samples.
d. List all the possible random samples and solve for the sample mean of each set of samples.

For numbers 3 – 5, a population consists of the data {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}.

3. How many different samples of size n = 2 can be drawn from the
population?
a. 4 c. 8
b. 6 d. 10

4. Which of the following sample means has the lowest frequency in the sampling distribution?
a. 2 c. 3
b. 2.5 d. 3.5

5. What is the probability of the sample mean 3 in the sampling

distribution?
1 3
a. 10 c. 10
2 4
b. 10 d. 10

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