1/22/2019

Lecture No. 16
Building Construction and
Drawings, CE-213

Dr. Mohammad Ashraf, Associate Professor,

Department of Civil Engineering,
University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar

Lecturer Outlines
Maintenance, Repair and Retrofitting of Buildings

 Basic Terminologies
 Maintenance of Buildings
 Repair of Buildings
 Strengthening/Retrofitting of Buildings

1
 1/22/2019

Basic Terminologies

Before Retrofit
 Maintenance: Non-structural work undertaken
in a building to Strength and stiffness increased

 Ensure good appearance and Strength, stiffness & Ductility

increase
 Keep it serviceable during its life time.
Only ductility increase
 Repair: It is a technical intervention to restore
the pre-damaged state of a damaged
building

Force
 Strengthening: It is a technical intervention to
enhance the capacity of existing undamaged
structures.
 Retrofitting: It is a technical intervention to
enhance the capacity of existing damaged
structures.
 Rehabilitation: It is a term used collectively for
repair, strengthening and retrofitting Displacement

Maintenance in Buildings

 Maintenance is a non-structural work undertaken in a building to ensure good

appearance and to keep it serviceable during its life time.
 Following works come under maintenance:
 Cleaning of building
 White wash, color wash, painting of walls, doors, windows, steel elements, etc.
 Re-plastering of damaged/ deteriorated plaster.
 Removal of efflorescence.
 Maintenance of electrical and mechanical work
 Re-polishing of floors.
 Replacement of decayed timber and fittings.
 Seepage control measures

2
 1/22/2019

Maintenance in Buildings (Cont..)

 Dampness control measures

 Easing of doors and windows
 Servicing of water supply and sanitation
 Replacing of glass panes
 Replacement of damaged parts of floor finish, roof treatment, false ceiling, etc.
 Maintenance of plinth protection
 Removal of small trees and plants grown on roof and walls

Types of Maintenance

 Routine maintenance: Activities repeated at predetermined intervals. The

activities may be repeated yearly in a particular season
 Condition based maintenance: The work initiated after condition assessment of
the building.
 Preventive maintenance: This is intended to preserve by preventing failure and
detecting incipient faults.
 Opportunity maintenance: Work done as and when possible within the limits of
operational demand.
 Day to day maintenance: Its involves maintenance that has to be performed
daily
 Shutdown maintenance: Through overhaul and maintenance after closing
 Emergency maintenance: Necessitated by unforeseen breakdown damage or a
damage caused by natural calamity like earthquakes, floods ,etc.

3
 1/22/2019

Repair of Building

 Repair is a technical intervention to restore the pre-damaged state of a damaged

building
 Following are some repair measures:
 Repair of foundations or foundation soils
 Repair of cracks in masonry walls
 Repair of damages in concrete structural elements (beams, columns, slabs, etc.)
 Repair of support system of floor and roof

Repair of Foundations

 Repair of foundation
 Strengthening of Foundation soil

4
 1/22/2019

Repairs of Cracks in Masonry Walls

 Before repair of cracks in masonry walls, the
source of crack shall first be rectified
 Following are different measures for cracks repair:
 Grout injections in cracks
 Application of fibrocement overlay
 Concrete stitching

Repair of Damages in Concrete Members

 Epoxy Injection
 Repair with rich mortar/micro concrete
 Replacement of concrete cover.
 Concrete replacement

5
 1/22/2019

Strengthening/Retrofitting of Buildings

 Strengthening/Retrofitting Strategies
 Retrofitting by Increasing the Capacity of Structure
 Retrofitting by Decreasing Seismic Demand
 Retrofitting Criteria
 Type of Structure
 Cost of retrofitting
 Materials, Technology and Skill Availability
 Problem of Occupancy
 Historical Importance

Strengthening/Retrofitting Techniques

 Masonry Buildings
 Ferrocement Overlay
 Shotcrete Overlay
 Structural Repointing
 Application of Fiber
Reinforced Polymers
 Center Core Technique

6
 1/22/2019

Strengthening/Retrofitting Techniques

 RC frame buildings
 Concrete Jacketing
 Application of FRP
 Application of Steel Strips, steel
haunch, etc.
 Additional Elements (Shear Walls,
steel bracers, etc.)
 Base Isolation, dampers