10

TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION

AGRICULTURAL CROPS
QUARTER 1
WEEK 8 (LESSON 1.6)

CapsLET
Capsulized Learner Empowerment
Tool-Kit

JULIET A. SORIANO
Teacher I
Tolosa National High School
SITIO PANGULAYAN, TOLOSA ZAMBOANGA CITY
 SUBJECT &
TLE 10 QUARTER 1 WEEK 8
GRADE/LEVEL
TOPIC COMMON OHS HAZARDS AND ITS CONTROL

LEARNING 1.5 Provide nursery support in accordance CODE

COMPETENCY with the OHS requirements and the TLE_AFAC9-12-NW-IIIa-
workplace information e-1
1. Know the classes of hazards
LEARNING 2. Identify the different types of hazards in nursery work operations
OBJECTIVES 3. Conduct hazard report
4. Site the difference between hazards and risk
IMPORTANT: Do not write anything on this material. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

UNDERSTAND
HAZARD, RISK AND EXPOSURE IN THE FARM

Agricultural crop production deals with a lot of activities to be done in the different workplace. While
performing these activities we expose ourselves to a lot of risk. Workplace hazard is a major cause of
accident, injury, or harm to a worker who performs such task. These hazard should be the major concern
of all who are involved in a certain job or work.
It is important to distinguish hazard, risk and exposure when undertaking risk management.

o Hazard is the potential for harm, , or adverse effect on an employee’s health. Anything
which may cause injury or ill health to anyone at or near a workplace is hazard.
o Risk is the likelihood that ahazard will cause injury or ill health to anyone at or near a
workplace. The level of risk increases with the severity of the hazard and the duration
and frequency of exposure.
o Exposure occurs when a person comes into contact with a hazard.

Types of Hazard

Hazards are classified into five different types. They are:

1. Physical - includes floors, stairs, work platforms, steps, ladders, fire, falling objects, slippery
surfaces, manual handling (lifting, pushing, pulling), excessively loud and prolonged noise, vibration,
heat and cold, radiation, poor lighting, ventilation, air quality

2. Mechanical and/or electrical - includes electricity, machinery, equipment, pressure vessels,

dangerous goods, forklifts, cranes, hoists.

3. Chemical - includes chemical substances such as acids or poisons and those that could lead to
fire or explosion, like pesticides, herbicides, cleaning agents, dusts and fumes from various
processes such as welding

4. Biological - includes bacteria, viruses, mold, mildew, insects, vermin, animals

5. Psychosocial environment - includes workplace stressors arising from a variety of sources

HEALTH AND SAFETY HAZARDS IN FARMS

Farm worker including farm families and helpersare exposed to hazards such as the following:

 Chemical/pesticides
 Cold
 Dust
 Electricity
 Grain bins
 Hand tools
 Lifting
 Livestock handling
 Machinery /equipment
 Manure pits
 Mud
 Noise
 Ponds
 Slips/trips/falls
 Sun/heat
 Toxic gases
 Tractors
 Wells

LIST OF POSSIBLE HAZARDS IN AGRICULTURAL CROP OPERATIONS

Possible Harmful Possible Supervisor Preventive Action

HAZARD Effects Action to Prevent Students Can Take
Injury/Illness
Handling farm tools Wounds/ cuts  Observe  Observe safety
necessary precautions
safety
precautions
Unlevelled terrain Falls  Place  Observe safety
cuts appropriate signs
safety signs  Wear PPE
 Require including safety
appropriate footwear
PPE including
safety footwear
Foreign body in eye  Provide eye and  Wear eye and
Dust Respiratory effects respiratory respiratory
protection protection
provided
Skin contact may  Use least  Use PPE
Fertilizers result in allergic hazardous provided
reaction. product for the  Follow safe
Pesticides Swallowing or task working
inhalation of fumes  Dispense and procedures
Herbicides can lead to headache, mix in well- when handling
nausea, dizziness, ventilated areas chemicals
Fuel vomiting  Store and label  Clean up spills
-Poisoning, loss of chemicals immediately
consciousness and appropriately
fatality.  Ensure first aid
arrangements
Long term exposure  Provide
may result to chronic emergency eye
(ongoing) illness, wash bottle
including cancers and/or shower
  Provide
appropriate
PPE
 Clean up spills
immediately
Manual handling Musculoskeletal  Provide  Use chemical
(bending, reaching, disorders , including mechanical aids provided
stretching, pulling, sprains and strains aids  Seek help when
lifting, repetitive  Provide training you think a
motions awkward in safe manual team lift is
posture) handling required
techniques  Exercise: warm
 Encourage up/ stretch
team lifts before starting
work
Heat, or cold/wet Heat rashes, heat  Provide regular  Be aware of
weather conditions cramps, heat stress, rest breaks potential for hot
dehydration, loss of  Provide shade or cold weather
fine motor controls, where conditions to
sunburn, numbness, practicable cause illness-
frostbite  Re-schedule rest and seek
work if extreme assistance if
weather you feel that
conditions heat or cold
present risk maybe affecting
 Assess work you.
hours in  Wear
difficult appropriate
conditions clothing and
 Provide water in take regular
hot weather rest breaks
 Provide
appropriate
clothing/PPE
Handling soil/ potting Legionnaire’s disease  Minimize dust  Follow hygiene
mixes  Provide procedures
appropriate  Wear
clothing and appropriate
PPE clothing and
 Establish PPE
hygiene
procedures

METHODS OF IDENTIFYING HAZARDS

There are many methods which are useful for identifying hazards, including:

o Injury and illness records- review tour workers’ compensation data and check the incidence,
mechanism and agency of injury, and the cost to the organization. These statistics can be analyzed
to alert the organization to the presence of hazards.
o Staying informed of trends and developments in workplace health and safety, for example via the
internet or OHS publications.
o Reviewing the potential impact of new work practices or equipment introduced to the workplace in
line with legislative requirements.
o Doing walk-through surveys, inspections or safety audits in the workplace to evaluate the
organization’s health and safety system.
o Considering OHS implications when analysing work processes.
o Investigating workplace incidents and ‘near hits’ reports – in some cases there may be more than
one hazard contributing to an incident.
o Getting feedback from employees can often provide valuable information about hazards, because
they have hands-on experience in their work area.
 SAQ-1: How farmers can protect themselves from hazards?
SAQ-2 :What Is OHS?

Let’s
Let’s DoDo This!
This!

Let’s Practice!

IDENTIFICATION

1. ___________________is the potential for harm, or adverse effect on an employee‘s health.

2. ___________________ is the likelihood that a hazard will cause injury or ill health to anyone at
or near a workplace. The level of risk increases with the severity of the hazard and the duration and
frequency of exposure.
3. ___________________occurs when a person comes into contact with a hazard.
4. ____________________includes floors, stairs, work platforms, steps, ladders, fire, falling objects
, slippery surfaces, manual handling (lifting, pushing, pulling), excessively loud and prolonged noise,
vibration, heat and cold, radiation, poor lighting, ventilation, air quality
5. __________________ includes electricity, machinery, equipment, pressure vessels, dangerous
goods, fork lifts, cranes, hoists
6. __________________ includes chemical substances such as acids or poisons and those that
could lead to fire or explosion, like pesticides, herbicides, cleaning agents, dusts and fumes from
various processes such as welding
7. __________________ includes bacteria, viruses, mold, mildew, insects, vermin, animals
8. __________________ includes workplace stressors arising from a variety of sources.
9. ___________________the physical or environmental conditions of work which comply with the
prescribed Occupational Health Safety (OHS) standards and which allow the workers to perform his
or her job without or within acceptable exposure to hazards.
10. ____________________the practices related to production and work process.

REMEMBER
Key Points

 Many hazards are present in the farm. If the farmers are not aware of these hazards these
may cause injury to their body or may cause diseases and even death. Farmer should always
apply appropriate safety measures while working in the farm.
Safety – is the physical or environment conditions of work which comply with the prescribed
occupational Health Safety (OHS) standards and wgich allow the workers to his or her job
without or within acceptable exposure to hazards.
Occupational Health- the practices related to procudtion and work process.
Health – a sound state of the body and mind of the workers that enable him or her to
perform the job normal.

TRY
Let’s see how much have you learned today!

CONDUCT HAZARD REPORT

MATERIALS NEEDED:

Bond paper
Pencil/Ballpen
INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Observe the surroundings in your home and in your community
2. List all the possible hazard observed
3. Classify these hazards
4. Identify persons who are at risk with this hazards
5. Suggest all possible solution to reduce or eliminate the risk

Essay:
1. What is the difference between HAZARDS and RISK?
2. Give at least 3 examples of common farm hazards and explain how these particular
hazards affect the farmers.

References:

Asuncion R.G. et.al Agricultural Arts (T.H.E., SEDP. NSEC series)

CBLM Horticultural http://www.safework.sa.gov.au/contentPages/docs/emp
FarmChemicals.pdf
Phipps, McColly, Scranton, & Cook, Farm Mechanics
Biggs, T. Growing Vegetables
Van Haunte, J. and L. Van Haunte, Growing Rich, Tasty Veggies in Harmony
with Nature, vol.1
A Practical Safety Guide for the Horticulture Industry in Murray Valley

DISCLAMER
This learning resource contains copyrighted materials. The use of which has not been specifically authorized by
the copyright owner. We are making this learning resource in our efforts to provide printed learning resources
available the learners in reference to the learning continuity plan of this division in this time of pandemic. This LR
is produced and distributed locally without profit and will be used for educational purposes only. No malicious
infringement is intended by the writer. Credits and respect to the original creator/owner of the materials found in
this learning resource.

Written by:

JULIET A. SORIANO
SST - 1