Exam3

1. A combined heat and power plant(also called a plant with cogeneration) is one which
generates power as well as provides heat to certain industrial processes. The boiler of one
such unit operates at (110+0.4*XYZ) bar and the inlet to the turbine is at (400+XYZ) deg. C.
The condenser operates at 40 deg. C. An open feedwater heater is used for regenerative
heating. Steam is bled from the turbine at 50 bar for feed water heating. However, only
(60+.1*XYZ) % of the bled steam is sent to the feed water heater while the rest is sent to a
process heater that needs heat at near constant temperature. The bled steam exits the
process heater as saturated water at the extraction pressure after which it is throttled and
sent to the condenser. The exit state of fluid for condenser can be assumed to be saturated
liquid. The pump and turbine are isentropic and there are no losses in any components. Use
the following state points: State 1: exit of boiler, State 2: exit of turbine, State 3: bleed at
turbine, State 4: inlet to boiler, State 5: exit of condenser – the other state points you can
number according to your convenience.

Draw the physical diagram and the corresponding T-s diagram (5)

Determine the steam bled from the turbine per kg steam input to the turbine.

Determine the net power output

Determine the cycle efficiency. (10)

Note: XYZ is the number formed by the last three digits of your roll no. e.g. if your roll no is
120100005 then XYZ is 005 etc.

2. Consider the Rankine cycles shown in the figure: 12341(cycle A), 1’2’341’(cycle B) and
1”2”341”(cycle C). Comment about the efficiency magnitude of the cycle A compared to cycle B and
cycle B compared to cycle C i.e. lesser, greater or ‘cannot say’. Explain why. (5)