AHA L
_CFMHJS@SHF
H. @hthr
@hthr Ac`h
Ac`hbhf
bhfe
e
 Fcehrh mhf bnfstltusl hmh`hj mwltufeeh`. Glbh mllahrhtbhf ahfeufhf, fcehrh
scahehl pl`hr-pl`hr hthu tcianb tlmhb alsh acrmlrl bnbnj thfph pnfmhsl yhfe buht, yhltu
bnfstltusl Lfmnfcslh. Jhiplr sctlhp fcehrh icipufyhl bnfstltusl, tcr`cphs mhrl hphbhj
bnfstltusl tcrscaut tc`hj ml`hbshfhbhf mcfehf nptlih` hthu ac`ui. \hfe gc`hs, bnfstltusl
hmh`hj pcrhfebht fcehrh yhfe pcrhffyh thb alsh mlphfmhfe scac`hj ihth. [ctlhp fcehrh
yhfe acrmlrl phstl icil`lbl mhshr fcehrh yhfe icfghml mhshr-mhshr tcrtcftu yhfe acruph
 prlfslp yhfe mlgufgufe tlfeel ml mh`hi pcfyc`cfeehrhhf fcehrh. Mhshr fcehrh
iciacrlbhf pcmnihf hthu `hfmhshf fl`hl-fl`hl mh`hi pcfyc`cfeehrhhf fcehrh. Mhshr 
fcehrh tcrscaut icfglwhl hthu icfmhshrl jubui mhshr (bnfstltusl) yhfe acr`hbu phmh
fcehrh yhfe acrshfebuthf.

A. Quiu
Quiush
shf
f Ihsh
Ihsh`h
`hj
j
8. Hph pcft
pcftlfe
lfefyh
fyh bnfs
bnfstlt
tltusl
usl ahel
ahel fceh
fcehrh>
rh>
1. Ahehlihfh
Ahehlihfh pcrhf
pcrhf SSM 8<=3 scahehl
scahehl bnfstl
bnfstltusl
tusl fcehrh
fcehrh lfmnfcs
lfmnfcslh>
lh>
;. Ahehli
Ahehlihfh
hfh pcrl`
pcrl`hbu
hbu bnfs
bnfstlt
tltusl
uslnfh
nfh`>
`>
K. ]ug
ugu
uhf
8. Sftub Icfecthjul
Icfecthjul pcftlfefyh
pcftlfefyh Bnfstl
Bnfstltusl
tusl ahel Fcehrh.
Fcehrh.
1. Sftub Icfect
Icfecthjul
hjul pcrhf
pcrhf SSM 8<=3
8<=3 scahehl
scahehl bnfstltu
bnfstltusl
sl Fcehrh
Fcehrh Lfmnfcslh.
Lfmnfcslh.
;. Sftub
Sftub Icfecth
Icfecthjul
jul _crl`
_crl`hbu
hbu Bnfstl
Bnfstltus
tuslnf
lnfh`.
h`.

AHA LL
8
 

_CIAHJH[HF

H. _cftlfe
_cftlfefyh
fyh Bnfstl
Bnfstltusl
tusl Ahel
Ahel Fcehrh
Fcehrh
8. _c
_cfe
fecr
crtl
tlhf
hf Fceh
Fcehrh
rh
_cfecrtlhf tcfthfe fcehrh mlbciahfebhf n`cj Heustlfus, yhfe icruphbhf
tnbnj Bhtn`lb. Lh iciahel fcehrh mh`hi muh pcfecrtlhf yhltu, Klvlths Mcl yhfe
hrtlfyh fcehrh ]ujhf, mhf Klvlths ]crrcfh hthu Klvlths Mlhan`l yhfe hrtlfyh fcehrh
muflhwl. Klvlths ]crrcfh lfl mltn`hb n`cj Heustlfus scmhfebhf yhfe mlhfeehp ahlb 
hmh`hj
hmh`hj fcehrh
fcehrh ]ujhf
]ujhf hthu
hthu Klvlhs
Klvlhs Mcl.
Mcl. Fcehrh
Fcehrh tujhf
tujhf aubhf`
aubhf`hj
hj fcehrh
fcehrh muflh
muflh lfl
lfl,,
ic`hlfbhf glwhfyh yhfe mlil`lbl n`cj scahelhf hthu acacrhph nrhfe ml muflh lfl
uf
uftu
tub
b icfk
icfkhph
hphlf
lfyh.
yh. Hmhph
Hmhphuf
uf yh
yhfe
fe ic`h
ic`hbs
bshf
hfhbh
hbhf
f fc
fcehr
ehrhh hmh`h
hmh`hj
j Ecrc
Ecrcgh
gh yhfe
yhfe
icwhbl`l fcehrh ]ujhf. Icsblpuf mcilblhf aubhf acrhrtl hph yhfe ml `uhr Ecrcgh ltu
tcrhslfe shih scbh`l mhrl Klvlths Mcl.

Acrlbut lfl bnfscp pcfecrtlhf fcehrh inmrcf yhfe mlbciubhbhf n`cj phrh
tnbnj hfthrh `hlf7 Qnecr J. [n`thu, icfeciubhbhf fcehrh hmh`hj scahehl h`ht hecfky
hthu wcwcfhfe/ hutjnrlty yhfe icfehtur hthu icfecfmh`lbhf pcrsnh`hf-pcrsnh`hf
 acrshih hths fhih ihsyrhbht. [cicftcrh ltu, icfurut Jhrn`m G. @hsby,
@hsby, ahjwh fcehrh
hmh`
hmh`hj
hj icru
icruph
phbh
bhf
f su
suht
htu
u ihsy
ihsyhr
hrhb
hbht
ht yh
yhfe
fe ml
mllf
lftc
tcer
erhs
hslb
lbhf
hf bhrcf
bhrcfhh icip
icipufy
ufyhl
hl
wcwcfhfe yhfe acrsldht icihbsh mhf sckhrh shj `calj heufe mhrl phmh lfmlvlmu hthu
bc`nipnb, yhfe icruphbhf ahelhf mhrl ihsyhrhbht ltu. Ihsyhrhbht hmh`hj suhtu
bc`nip
bc`nipnb
nb ihfusl
ihfuslhh yhfe jlmup
jlmup mhf acbcrg
acbcrghh shih
shih uftub
uftub tcr
tcrkhp
khphlf
hlfyh
yh suhtu
suhtu tuguhf
tuguhf
 acrshih. Ihsyhrhbht icruphbhf suhtu fcehrh ihfh bh`h khrh jlmup yhfe jhrus
mlthhtl ahlb n`cj lfmlvlmu ihupuf bc`nipnb-bc`nipnb, mltcftubhf suhtu wcwcfhfe
yhfe acrsldht icihbsh mhf icfelbht.
_rlfslp-prlfslp fcehrh Lfmnfcslh mhpht mlbhgl ic`hul ihbfh yhfe tcrbhfmufe
mlmh`h
mlmh`hi
i _ciaubh
_ciaubhhf
hf SSM 8<=3.
8<=3. H`lfch
H`lfch L, icfgc`
icfgc`hsb
hsbhf
hf tcf
tcfthf
thfe
e `ht
`hthr
hr ac`hbhf
ac`hbhfe
e
tcracftubfyh fcehrh mhf ahfesh Lfmnfcslh, yhltu tcfthfe bcicrmcbhhf hmh`hj jhb 
bn
bnmr
mrht
ht sc
sceh
eh`h
`h ah
ahfe
fesh
sh ml mufl
muflh,
h, mh
mhf
f pc
pcfg
fghg
hghj
hjhf
hf lt
ltu
u tl
tlmh
mhb
b sc
scsu
suhl
hl mc
mcfe
fehf
hf pc
pcrl
rl
bcihfuslhhf mhf pcrl bchml`hf n`cj ltu jhrus mljhpusbhf.
H`lfchh bc LL icfgc`hsbhf
H`lfc icfgc`hsbhf tcfthfe
tcfthfe pcrgh`hfhf
pcrgh`hfhf pcrguhfehf ahfesh lfmnfcslh

mh`hi
mh`hi icipcr
icipcrguh
guhfehf
fehf bcicrm
bcicrmcbhh
cbhhf,
f, h`l
h`lfch
fch LLL icfgc`
icfgc`hsb
hsbhf
hf tcfthf
tcfthfe
e bcmumub
bcmumubhf
hf
1
 

bnmrht ihfuslh Lfmnfcslh scahehl ahfesh yhfe rc`lelus yhfe bciumlhf pcrfyhthhf
bcicrm
bcicrmcbhh
cbhhf.
f. Hmhpuf
Hmhpuf h`lfch
h`lfch LT , icfgc`
icfgc`hsb
hsbhf
hf tcfthf
tcfthfe
e tcr
tcracf
acftub
tubfyh
fyh ahfesh
ahfesh mhf
fcehrh Lfmnfcslh, yhltu hmhfyh rhbyht Lfmnfcslh pcicrlfthjhf fcehrh Lfmnfcslh yhfe
mlsusu
mlsusuf
f acrmhs
acrmhshrb
hrbhf
hf Sfmhfe
Sfmhfe-Sf
-Sfmhf
mhfe
e Mshr
Mshr fcehrh
fcehrh,, Ul`
l`hyhj
hyhj fcehrh
fcehrh scrth
scrth mhshr 
mhshr 
dl`nsndls fcehrh yhltu _hfkhsl`h.
1. _c
_cfec
fecrt
rtlh
lhf
f Mhsh
Mhshrr Fce
Fcehr
hrhh
_h
_hmh
mh jh
jhbl
blbh
bhtf
tfyh
yh,, mh
mhsh
shrr fc
fceh
ehrh
rh icru
icruph
phbh
bhf
f dl
dl`s
`shd
hdht
ht fc
fceh
ehrh
rh (p
(pn`
n`lt
ltlk
lkh`
h`
 pjl`nsjnpy) yhfe acrbcmumubhf scahehl suiacr mhrl sceh`h suiacr jubui hthu
suiacr
suiacr mhrl
mhrl thth
thth tcrtl
tcrtla
a jubui
jubui mh`hi
mh`hi fcehrh.
fcehrh. Sftub
Sftub icihjhi
icihjhill dl`
dl`shd
shdht
ht fcehrh,
fcehrh,
tcr`calj mhju`u pcr`u mlahjhs pcfecrtlhf dl`shdht. [ckhrh ctlin`nels hthu hsh` bhth,
dl`shdht acrhsh` mhrl bhth pjl`ns yhfe acrhrtl shjhaht, klfth, mhf bhth snpjlh yhfe
 acrhrtl bcalghbshfhhf, bcacfhrhf, ac`hghr.
ac`hghr. Ghml, pjl`nsnpjlh (dh`shdhj), icfurut hrl
bhthfyhh lh`hj klfth bcphmh pcfect
bhthfy pcfecthjuhf
hjuhf yhfe alghbshfh.
alghbshfh. Mcfehf mcilblhf,
mcilblhf, mhshr 

dh`shdhj acrhrtl pcmnihf plblrhf/pcfecthjuhf yhfe alghbshfh.

Mhshr
Mhs hr fcehrh
fcehrh gueh
gueh mhpht
mhpht mlhrt
mlhrtlbh
lbhf
f sca
scahehl
hehl phfmhfe
phfmhfehf
hf dl`
dl`shd
shdht
ht icfecfh
icfecfhll
fcehrh
fcehrh.. Hghrhf
Hghrhf lfl scrlfe
scrlfe mlscaut
mlscaut mcfehf
mcfehf lmcn`n
lmcn`nel.
el. Acrlbu
Acrlbutt mlthip
mlthipl`
l`bhf
bhf acacrhp
acacrhphh
 pcfecrtlhf lmcn`nel.
h. Lmcn
Lmcn`n
`nel
el hm
hmh`
h`hj
hj sc
scrh
rhfe
febh
bhlh
lhf
f eh
eheh
ehsh
shf
f mh
mhsh
shrr mh
mhf
f sl
slst
stci
ciht
htls
ls tc
tcft
fthf
hfe
e jh
jhbl
blbh
bhtt
ihfuslh, bcjlmuphf cbnfnil, mhf jhblbht ihsyhrhbht yhfe mlpcrkhyh n`cj phrh
 pcfmubufefyh mhf mlghmlbhf pcmnihf mh`hi icfcftubhf slstci pcicrlfthjhf
fcehrh scrth tlfebhj `hbu pn`ltlb yhfe mlhfeehp tcpht.
 a. Lmcn`nel hmh`hj slstci pcmnihf jlmup yhfe acrlsl bcpcrkhyhhf-bcpcrkhyhhf mhf
tuguhf-tuguhf yhfe icfglwhl ehyh mhf tlfmhbhf pn`ltlb phrh pcfmubufefyh.
k. Lmcn
Lmcn`n
`nel
el icfur
icfurut
ut Hmn`
Hmn`dd Jcub
Jcubcf
cf hmh`h
hmh`hj
j bn
bnfs
fscfs
cfsus
us (ihy
(ihynr
nrlt
lths
hs)) whr
whreh fc
fceh
ehrh
rh
tcfthfe fl`l-fl`hl mhshr fcehrh yhfe lfelf mlwugumbhf mcfehf icfehmhbhf fcehrh
icrcbh ltu. Acacrhph lmcn`nel hthu mhshr fcehrh yhfe hmh ml muflh hmh`hj scahehl
 acrlbut 7

8) @lac
@lacrrh`
h`llsic

;
 

Bcacahs
Bcacahshf
hf ihfusl
ihfuslhh hmh`hj
hmh`hj fl`hl
fl`hl uthih
uthih mh`hi
mh`hi hghrhf
hghrhf `lacrh
`lacrh`l
`lsic
sic.. Hghrhf
Hghrhf
inrh`
inrh` `lacrh
`lacrh`l
`lsic
sic hmh`hj
hmh`hj pcfehbu
pcfehbuhf
hf hths
hths jhb-jhb
jhb-jhb hshsl
hshsl ihfusl
ihfuslhh scpcrt
scpcrtll
bcacahshf, jhb bciu`lhhf, mhf jhb jlmup ihfuslh. Hghrhf pn`ltlb `lacrh`lsic
hmh`h
hmh`hj
j pcfeh
pcfehbuh
buhf
f ht
hths
hs jh
jhb-
b-jh
jhb
b hs
hshs
hsll pn
pn`l
`ltl
tlb,
b, scpc
scpcrt
rtll jh
jhb
b acrsc
acrscrl
rlbh
bht,
t,
 acrbuipu`, jhb icfec`uhrbhf pcfmhpht ahlb sckhrh `lshf ihupuf tcrtu`ls,
mhf jh
jhb
b ac
acrp
rpht
htls
lslp
lphs
hsl.
l. Hg
Hghr
hrhf
hf cb
cbnfn
nfnil
il `l
`lacr
acrh`
h`ls
lsic
ic hm
hmh`
h`hj
hj bc
bcac
acahs
ahsha
ha
scihbslih` iufeblf ahel pcrguhfehf bcpcftlfehf ihslfe-ihslfe lfmlvlmu.
1) [nsl
[nslh`
h`ls
lsic
ic
Hghrhf inrh` snslh`lsic hmh`hj ahjwh ihfuslh phmh mhsrfyh hmh`hj ihbj`ub 
brchtld mhf mhpht icipcrn`cj bcahjhelhhf scrth bcpuhshf ic`h`ul bcrghshih.
Hghrhf cbnfnil snslh`lsic acruph pcfejhpushf hthu pciahthshf jhb il`lb 
 prlaml hths h`ht-h`ht prnmubsl, pcfehial`h`ljhf h`ht-h`ht prnmubsl n`cj fcehrh.
[c`hlf ltu, acruph pcr`lfmufehf ahel bhui auruj tcrjhmhp pcfelshphf mhf

bcilsblfhf. ]crhbjlr,
bcilsblfhf. crhbjlr, pcfehwhshf
pcfehwhshf fcehrh tcrjhmhp
tcrjhmhp pcrushjhhf-pc
pcrushjhhf-pcrushjh
rushjhhf
hf
infnpn`l, pcfeciahfehf pcrushjhhf-pcrushjhhf il`lb fcehrh. Hghrhf pn`ltlb 
snslh`lsic acruph mcinbrhsl mcfehf slstci shtu phrthl ihslj acr`hbu bhrcfh
hghrhf lfl icihfe icfcrlih bciufeblfhf tcrwugumfyh ihsyhrhbht thfph
bc`hs. Hmh muh h`lrhf snslh`lsic, yhltu snslh`lsic yhfe mlpcfehrujl Ihrxlsic
mhf snslh`lsic fnf-Ihrxls (snslh`lsic mcinbrhtls).
;) Ihrxlsic
 Fl`hl-fl`hl yhfe tcrbhfmufe ml mh`hi Ihrxlsic/bniuflsic ic`lputl
inflsic, yhltu phfmhfehf yhfe icfn`hb hmhfyh en`nfehf-en`nfehf hthu
bchfcbh
bchfcbhrhe
rhehih
hihf
f mh`hi
mh`hi ihsyhr
ihsyhrhbht
hbht.. Bcbcrh
Bcbcrhshf
shf icruphb
icruphbhf
hf h`ht
h`ht yhfe shj
uftub icfkhphl tuguhf fcehrh, yhltu tcrwugumfyh ihsyhrhbht thfph bc`hs.
 Fcehrh icruphbhf h`ht uftub icfkphl bniuflsic scjlfeeh sciuh h`ht
fcehrh mlpcreufhbhf
mlpcreufhbhf uftub icwugumbhf
icwugumbhf bniuflsic._
bniuflsic._rlfsl
rlfslp
p inrh` uthih
bniufl
bniuflsi
sicc hm
hmh`
h`hj
hj ah
ahjw
jwhh sc
sceh
eh`h
`h gh
gh`h
`hf
f ml
mlhf
hfeeh
eehp
p jh`h`
jh`h`,, hs
hsh`
h` icia
iciahf
hftu
tu
icfk
icfkhp
hphl
hl tugu
tuguhf
hf.. [c
[ctl
tlhp
hp ac
acft
ftub
ub hs
hs`l
`l bniu
bniufl
flsi
sicc ph
phst
stll ht
htcl
cls,
s, bh
bhrc
rcfh
fh
bniuflsic acrmhshrbhf ihtcrlh`lsic yhfe icfyhfebh` hmhfyh glwh rnjhfl
mhf ]ujhf.

=) _hfkhsl`h
=
 

_hmh jhblbhtfyh ihfuslh hmh`hj ihbj`ub lfmlvlmu mhf ihbj`ub snslh`.

Hrtl
Hrtlfy
fyhh bc
bcac
acah
ahsh
shf
f lfml
lfmlvl
vlmu
mu tl
tlmh
mhb
b icru
icrush
shb
b sc
scih
ihfe
feht
ht bc
bcrg
rghh sh
shih
ih
hfthrwhreh, fhiuf bcrgh shih hfthrwhreh gueh tlmhb an`cj icihtlbhf
bcacahshf lfmlvlmu. _hfkhsl`h icfehbul jh` yhfe mcilblhf ltu. 3
;. Bnfstltusl
h. _cfec
_cfecrt
rtlh
lhf
f Bnfst
Bnfstlt
ltus
usll
Bnfstltusl acrhsh` mhrl bhth knfstltutlnf (Lfeerls), knfstltutlc (Ac`hfmh),
mhf knfstltucr (_rhfkls), yhfe acrhrtl iciacftub, icfyusuf, icfyhthbhf. Mh`hi
Ahjhsh Lfmnfcslh, bnfstltusl mltcrgcihjbhf hthu mlshihbhf hrtlfyh mcfehf SSM
8<=3 (ernfmwct, erufmeczctz). _hmhjh` icfurut pcfmhpht shrghfh/hj`l, pcfecrtlhf
bnfstltusl `calj `uhs mhrlphmh pcfecrtlhf SSM. _cfecrtlhf bnfstltusl icfkhbup
bcsc`urujhf pcrhturhf-pcrhturhf, ahlb yhfe tcrtu`ls ihupuf yhfe tlmhb tcrtu`ls,
yhfe
yhfe icfeh
cfehttur mhf
mhf icfel
cfelbh
bhtt kh
khrh
rh-k
-khr
hrhh suht
suhtu
u pcic
pcicrl
rlft
fthj
hjhf
hf fceh
fcehrrh

mlsc`cfeehrhbhf. Hmhpuf SSM hmh`hj fhsbhj tcrtu`ls yhfe icruphbhf ufmhfe-

ufmhfe yhfe tcrtlfeel acr`hbu mh`hi suhtu fcehrh. Lsl SSM icruphbhf pcrhturhf
yhfe acrsldht dufmhicfth`, yhltu acrsldht pnbnb, mhshr, mhf hshs-hshs. _cfghahrhf
hthu pc`hbshfhhf mhrl hturhf-hturhf pnbnb (lsl SSM) mlscrhjbhf (mlhtur) bcphmh
 pcrhturhf `hlf yhfe `calj rcfmhj mhrlphmh SSM. Lstl`hj bnfstltusl icipufyhl tleh
 pcfecrtlhf scahehl acrlbut 7
8) Mh`h
Mh`hi
i Hrtl
Hrtl @uhs
@uhs
Bnfstlt
Bnfstltusl
usl hmh`hj
hmh`hj jubui
jubui tht
ththh fcehrh,
fcehrh, yhltu
yhltu bcsc`u
bcsc`uruj
rujhf
hf hturhf
hturhf mhf
bctcftuhf (jubui) yhfe icfeehiahrbhf slstci bcththfcehrhhf suhtu
fcehrh.
1) Bnfstlt
Bnfstltusl
usl mh`hi
mh`hi Hrtl
Hrtl ]cfe
]cfehj
hj
Bnfstltusl hmh`hj jubui mhshr, yhltu bcsc`urujhf hturhf mhshr, ahlb 
yhfe tcrtu`ls, ihupuf yhfe tlmhb tcrtu`ls.
;) Bnfstlt
Bnfstltusl
usl mh`h
mh`hi
i Hrtl
Hrtl [ciplt
[ciplt
Bnfstlt
Bnfstltusl
usl hmh`hj
hmh`hj ufmhfe-
ufmhfe-ufmh
ufmhfe
fe mhs
mhshr
hr,, yhltu
yhltu shtu
shtu hthu
hthu acacrh
acacrhph
ph
mnbuicf yhfe iciuht hturhf-hturhf yhfe acrsldht pnbnb 

 a. ]uguhf Bnfstltusl

3
 

Mh`hi suhtu fcehrh, bnfstltusl icil`lbl tuguhf, hfthrh `hlf scahehl acrlbut 7
8) Icia
Iciacr
crlb
lbhf
hf pc
pcia
iaht
hths
hshf
hf sc
scbh
bh`l
`leus
eus pc
pcfeh
fehwh
whsh
shf
f tc
tcrj
rjhm
hmhp
hp bcbuh
bcbuhsh
shhf
hf
 pn`ltlb.
1) Ic`cph
Ic`cphss bnftrn`
bnftrn` bcbuhs
bcbuhshhf
hhf mhrl
mhrl pcfeuhsh
pcfeuhsh..
;) Icia
Iciacr
crlb
lbhf
hf ah
ahth
thsh
shf-
f-ah
ahth
thsh
shf
f bc
bctc
tcth
thph
phf
f ah
ahel
el ph
phrh
rh pc
pcfe
feuh
uhsh
sh mh
mh`h
`hi
i
icfgh`hfbhf bcbuhshhffyh.
k. Dufe
Dufesl
sl Bnfs
Bnfstl
tltu
tusl
sl
Icfurut phjhi bnfstltuslnfh`, bnfstltusl hmh`hj suhtu mnbuicf bcfcehrhhf yhfe
icipufyhl dufesl bjusus. Dufesl bnfstltusl fcehrh acscrth pcfghahrhffyh, yhltu
scahehl acrlbut 7
8) Icfcftubhf
Icfcftubhf mhf Iciahthsl
Iciahthsl Bcbuhshhf
Bcbuhshhf _cicrl
_cicrlfthj
fthj
Mh`hi sctlhp bnfstltusl, `hzlifyh mlhtur tcfthfe pciahelhf bcbuhshhf
fcehrh, `ciaheh-`ciaheh fcehrh (pcicrlfthj) pcicehfe sctlhp bcbuhshhf ltu,

scrth ahths-ahths bcbuhshhf mhf juaufehf hfthr`ciaheh fcehrh.

_cicrlfthj suhtu fcehrh icihfe jhrus mlacrl bcbuhshhf yhfe kubup hehr 
mhpht
mhpht acrduf
acrdufesl
esl icwugu
icwugumbhf
mbhf bcscgh
bcscghjtc
jtcrhh
rhhf
f rhbyht
rhbyht.. Fhiuf,
Fhiuf, ml `hl
`hlf
f pljhb 
pljhb 
bc
bcbuh
buhsh
shhf
hf pc
pcic
icrl
rlft
fthj
hj gueh
gueh jh
jhru
russ ml
mlah
ahth
thsl
sl sc
scmc
mcil
ilbl
blhf
hf ru
ruph
ph sc
scjl
jlfee
feehh
 pcicrlfthj tlmhb iufeblf icfyh`hjeufhbhf bcbuhshhffyh. N`cj bhrcfh ltu,
sc`hlf acrdufesl iciacrlbhf bcbuhshhf bcphmh pcicrlfthj, bnfstltusl gueh
 acrdufesl scahehl pciahths bcbuhshhf fcehrh/pcicrlfthj.
1) Icfghilf
Icfghilf Jhb-Jhb
Jhb-Jhb Hshsl Uhreh Fcehrh
Fcehrh
Mh`hi
Mh`hi bnfstl
bnfstltus
tusll gueh
gueh `hzli
`hzli mlkhft
mlkhftuib
uibhf
hf bctcft
bctcftuhf-
uhf-bct
bctcft
cftuhf
uhf yhfe
icfehbul mhf icfghilf jhb-jhb hshsl ihfuslh whreh fcehrhfyh. N`cj bhrcfh
ltu, bnfstltusl gueh acrdufesl scahehl pcfghilf jhb-jhb hshsl whreh fcehrh.

m. Fl
Fl`h
`hl-
l-Fl
Fl`h
`hll Bnfst
Bnfstlt
ltus
usll
_hmh jhlbhtfyh fl`hl suhtu bnfstltusl ic`lputl scahehl acrlbut 7
8) Fl`h
Fl`hll Fnr
Fnrih
ihtl
tld 
d 
Jh` lfl mlpcrn`cj hphal`h scecfhp rhbyht suhtu fcehrh icfcrlihfyh. Ahel

icrcbh
icrcbh bnfstl
bnfstltus
tusll tcrsca
tcrscaut
ut icruphb
icruphbhf
hf suhtu
suhtu bcfyhth
bcfyhthhf
hf jlmup
jlmup mh`
mh`hi
hi hrtl
hrtl
4
 

sc
scpc
pcfu
fujf
jfyh
yh mlpc
mlpcr`
r`ub
ubhf
hf mh
mhf
f cd
cdcb
cbtl
tld.
d. Hr
Hrtl
tlfy
fyh,
h, bn
bnfs
fstl
tltu
tusl
sl ac
acfh
fhrr-a
-acf
cfhr 
hr 
ml`hbshfhbhf sckhrh iurfl mhf bnfscbucf.
1) Fl`h
Fl`hll Fnil
Fnilfh
fh``
Bnfstltusl icipufyhl fl`hl fnilfh`, hrtlfyh sckhrh jubui bnfstltusl tcrscaut
 acr`hbu, tcthpl bcfyhthhffyh burhfe scipurfh. Jh` ltu mlscahabhf phsh`-phsh`
tcrtcftu mh`hi bnfstltusl tcrscaut mh`hi bcfyhthhffyh tlmhb acr`hbu.
;) Fl`h
Fl`hll [ci
[cihf
hftl
tlb 
b 
Mh`hi jh` lfl bnfstltusl jhfyh scbcmhr lstl`hj shgh. Icsblpuf sckhrh jubui
bnfstltusl tcthp acr`hbu, mh`hi bcfyhthhffyh pc`hbshfhhffyh sc`h`u mlbhltbhf
mcfehf bcpcftlfehf pljhb pcfeuhsh.
Bnfstltusl
Bnfstltusl hthu mhshr jubui, hphal`h
hphal`h mltlfghu
mltlfghu mhrl sldht-sldhtfyh
sldht-sldhtfyh mlacmhbhf scahehl
 acrlbut.
8. Bnfstltusl
Bnfstltusl mh`hi Hrtl Ihtcrlh`
Ihtcrlh` mhf
mhf Hrtl Dnrih`

h. Bnfstl
Bnfstltus
tusll hrtl
hrtl ihtcrl
ihtcrlh`
h` (lslfy
(lslfyh),
h), yhltu
yhltu iciuht
iciuht jh`-jh`
jh`-jh` icfecfh
icfecfhll bctcft
bctcftuhf-
uhf-
bctcftuhf pnbnb hthu mhshr ahel rhbyht mhf fcehrh yhfe acrshfebuthf.
 a. Bnfstltusl hrtl dnrih` hmh`hj bnfstltusl yhfe mltu`ls mh`hi acftub fhsbhj.
Mh`hi jh` lfl, yhfe mlpcftlfebhf
mlpcftlfebhf hmh`hj prnscmur mh`hi pciauhthf bnfstltusl
bnfstltusl
yh
yhfe
fe ml`h
ml`hbu
bubh
bhf
f sc
sckhr
khrhh ls
lstl
tlic
icwh
wh,, ac
acra
racm
cmhh mc
mcfe
fehf
hf pc
pcia
iauh
uhth
thf
f pcrht
pcrhtur
urhf
hf--
 pcrhturhf `hlffyh.
1. Bnfstltusl
Bnfstltusl ]crtu`ls
crtu`ls mhf ]lmhb
]lmhb ]crtu`
]crtu`ls
ls
h. Bnfs
Bnfstl
tltu
tusl
sl tc
tcrt
rtu`
u`ls
ls hm
hmh`
h`hj
hj bn
bnfs
fstl
tltu
tusl
sl yhfe
yhfe ml
mltu
tu`l
`lss mh
mh`h
`hi
i ac
acft
ftub
ub fh
fhsb
sbhj
hj mh
mhf
f
mlscau
mlscautt mcfehf
mcfehf SSM.
SSM. Fcehrh-
Fcehrh-fce
fcehrh
hrh inmcrf
inmcrf scbhrh
scbhrhfe
fe lfl icfeeuf
icfeeufhbh
hbhf
f
bnfstltusl tcrtu`ls.
 a. Bnfstltusl tlmhb tcrtu`ls, hrtlfyh bnfstltusl tlmhb mltu`ls mh`hi acftub fhsbhj
tcrtcftu (SSM ), ic`hlfbhf tcrmhpht mh`hi ufmhfe-ufmhfe alhsh mhf bnfvcfsl.
[htu-shtufyh fcehrh ml muflh yhfe icipufyhl bnfstltusl tlmhb tcrtu`ls jhfyh`hj
fcehrh Lfeerls, fhiuf prlfslp-prlfslp yhfe mlkhftuibhf mh`hi bnfstltusl ml
Lfeerls mlkhftuibhf mh`hi ufmhfe-ufmhfe alhsh scpcrtl Al`` nd Qlejts.
;. Bnfstl
Bnfstltus
tusll D`cbsla
D`cbslac`
c` (@uwcs
(@uwcs)) mhf Qlelm
Qlelm (Bhbu)
(Bhbu)

5
 

h. Bnfs
Bnfstl
tltu
tusl
sl `uwc
`uwcss hmh`h
hmh`hj
j hp
hpha
hal`
l`hh khrh
khrh ht
hthu
hu pr
prns
nscmu
cmurr pc
pcru
ruah
ahjhf
jhffy
fyhh iumhj
iumhj..
_cruahj
_cruahjhf
hf ltu kubup
kubup ml`hbu
ml`hbubhf
bhf n`cj
n`cj ahmhf
ahmhf pciauh
pciauhtt ufmhfe-
ufmhfe-ufmh
ufmhfe
fe scpcrt
scpcrtll
yhfe tcrghml ml Fcw Wch`hfm, Lfeerls, mhf Lfmnfcslh.
 a. Bnfstltusl Bhbu (Icruphbhf Bcah`lbhf mhrl Bnfstltusl @uwcs) _cruahjhf
bn
bnfs
fstl
tltu
tusl
sl icic
icicr`
r`ubh
ubhf
f prns
prnscmu
cmurr yhfe
yhfe ls
lstl
tlic
icwh
wh ht
hthu
hu ru
ruil
ilt.
t. Knft
Knftnj
njfyh
fyh,,
 pcruahjhf pcrufahjhf ilflih` mlsctugul 1/; hfeenth I_Q mhf ilflih` yhfe
jhmlr sctugu mhf jhrus ml`hbshfhbhf rcdcrcfmui. Bnfstltusl yhfe acrsldht bhbu
tlmhb mhpht icfelbutl pcrbciahfehf zhihf bhrcfh tlmhb jhfyh iciuht jh`-jh`
 pnbnb shgh, fhiuf gueh iciuht jh`-jh` yhfe pcftlfe. Knftnjfyh bnfstltusl ml
fcehrh Hicrlbh [crlbht, Bhfhmh, Hustrh`lh, mhf [wlss.SSM 8<=3 icsblpuf
 pcruahjhffyh iciautujbhf prnscmur lstlicwh, tcthp acrsldht `uwcs bhrcfh
iciuht bctcftuhf yhfe acrsldht pnbnb-pnbnb shgh scjlfeeh iumhj icfelbutl
 pcrbciahfehf zhihf.

=. Bnfstl
Bnfstltus
tusll mh`hi
mh`hi Hrtl
Hrtl _nslt
_nsltld 
ld 
Icfurut Khr` [kjiltt, Bnfstltusl mh`hi hrtl pnsltld icfehfmufe pcfecrtlhf scahehl
bcputushf pn`ltlb tcrtlfeel acrjuaufehf mcfehf pciauhthf SSM yhfe icfcftubhf
fhsla sc`uruj rhbyht.
3. Bnfstl
Bnfstltus
tusll mh`hi
mh`hi Hrtl
Hrtl Qc`ht
Qc`htld 
ld 
Bnfstltusl mh`hi hrtl rc`htld hmh`hj bnfstltusl yhfe mljuaufehf mcfehf bcpcftlfehf
suhtu en`nfehf tcrtcftu ml mh`hi ihsyhrhbht.
ihsyhrhbht. Ilsh`fyh,
Ilsh`fyh, en`nfehf
en`nfehf Anrguls
Anrguls @lacrh`
@lacrh`
yhfe icfejcfmhbl hmhfyh ghilfhf mhrl pljhb pcfeuhsh suphyh jhb-jhbfyh tlmhb 
ml`hfeehr. Ghilfhf ltu ml`cthbbhf ml mh`hi SSM.

A. SSM 8<=3
8<=3 [cahehl
[cahehl Bnfstlt
Bnfstltusl
usl Fcehrh
Fcehrh Lfmnfc
Lfmnfcslh
slh
8. Bnfstl
Bnfstltus
tusll Fcehrh
Fcehrh (Sfmhfe
(Sfmhfe-Sf
-Sfmhf
mhfe
e Mhshr)
Mhshr)
h. ]uguh
]uguhf
f Hihfm
Hihfmcic
cicf
f mhf Fl`hl
Fl`hl Bnfs
Bnfstlt
tltusl
usl

:
 

[cghb thjuf 8<<< shiphl mcfehf thjuf 1??1, I_Q QL mcfehf scihfeht
bcfcehrhhf, ic`h`ul thjph pciahjhshf yhfe icfmh`hi mhf sufeeuj-sufeeuj,
scrth
scrth ic`
ic`lah
lahtbh
tbhf
f acraheh
acrahehll bh`hfe
bh`hfehf
hf ihsyhr
ihsyhrhbh
hbhtt yhfe
yhfe scgh`h
scgh`h mcfehf
mcfehf tuftut
tuftuthf
hf
rcdnrihsl
rcdnrihsl mhf tuftuthf
tuftuthf pcrbciahfehf
pcrbciahfehf bcautujhf
bcautujhf ahfesh Lfmnfcslh ic`hbubhf
 pcruahjhf SSM 8<=3.
Mhshr
Mhshr pcilbl
pcilblrhf
rhf yhe ic`hth
ic`hthrac
rac`hb
`hbhfel
hfel ic`hbu
ic`hbubhff
bhffyh
yh pcruahj
pcruahjhf
hf SSM 8<=3,
8<=3,
hfthrh `hlf scahehl acrlbut.
8) SSM
SSM 8<
8<=3
=3 icia
iciacf
cftu
tub
b st
stru
rubt
btur
ur bc
bcth
thth
thfce
fcehr
hrhh
hhf
f yh
yhfe
fe acrtu
acrtuip
ipu
u ph
phmh
mh
bcbuhshhf tcrtlfeel I_Q scahehl pc`hbshfh bcmhu`hthf rhbyht. Hblahtfyh,
tlmhb
tlmhb sh
sh`l
`lfe
fe icfe
icfehw
hwhs
hsll mhf icfe
icfeli
liah
ahfel
fel ph
phmh
mh lf
lfst
stlt
ltus
usl-
l- lf
lfst
stlt
ltus
usll
bcththfcehrhhf.
1) SSM
SSM 8<
8<=3
=3 icia
iciacr
crlb
lbhf
hf bc
bcbu
buhs
hshh
hhf
f sh
shfe
feht
ht ac
acsh
shrr bcph
bcphmh
mh cb
cbsc
scbu
butl
tld 
d 
(_rcslmcf).

;) SSM 8<=3 icfehfm

icfehfmufe
ufe phsh`-ph
phsh`-phsh`
sh` yhfe tcr`h`
tcr`h`u
u `uwcs
`uwcs scjlfeeh
scjlfeeh mhpht
mhpht
icfliau`bhf iu`tlthdslr.
iu`tlthdslr.
=) SSM
SSM 8<
8<=3
=3 tc
tcr`
r`h`
h`u
u ah
ahfyh
fyhb
b icia
iciacr
crlb
lbhf
hf bc
bcwc
wcfhf
fhfeh
ehf
f bc
bcph
phmh
mh _r
_rcs
cslm
lmcf
cf
uftub icfehtur jh`-jh` pcftlfe mcfehf ufmhfe-ufmhfe.
3) Quiu
Quiush
shf
f SSM
SSM 8<=3
8<=3 tc
tcft
fthf
hfe
e sc
scih
ihfeh
fehtt pc
pcfyc
fyc`c
`cfee
feehr
hrhh Fceh
Fcehrh
rh ac`ui
ac`ui
kubup
kubup iciuht
iciuht hturhf
hturhf mhshr
mhshr tcfthf
tcfthfe
e bcjlmuph
bcjlmuphf
f mcinbr
mcinbrhtl
htls,
s, suprci
suprcihsl
hsl
jubui, pciacrmhyhhf rhbyht, pcfejnrihthf JHI, mhf ntnfnil mhcrhj.
Hmhpuf tuguhf pcruahjhf SSM 8<=3, hfthr `hlf scahehl acrlbut.
8) Sftu
Sftub
b icfyc
icfycip
ipur
urfh
fhbhf
bhf ht
htur
urhf
hf mh
mhsh
shrr icfe
icfecf
cfhl
hl th
thth
thfhf
fhf fc
fceh
ehrh
rh mh
mh`h
`hi
i
icfkhphl tuuhf fhslnfh` mh`hi _ciaubhhf SSM 8<=3.
1) Sftub icfycipu
icfycipurfhbhf
rfhbhf hturhf
hturhf mhshr
mhshr icfecfhl
icfecfhl ghilfhf
ghilfhf mhf pc`hbshfh
pc`hbshfhhf
hf
bcmhu`
bcmhu`hth
hthf
f scrth
scrth icipcr
icipcr`uhs
`uhs phrtls
phrtlslph
lphsl
sl rhbyht
rhbyht scsuhl
scsuhl pcrbci
pcrbciahf
ahfehf
ehf
mcinbrhsl.
;) Sftub
Sftub icfycipu
icfycipurfh
rfhbhf
bhf hturhf
hturhf mhshr ghilfh
ghilfhf
f mhf pcr`lfm
pcr`lfmufe
ufehf
hf JHI
scsuhl pcrbciahfehf mhf pcrhmhahf uiht ihfuslh.
=) Sftu
Sftub
b icfy
icfyci
cipu
purf
rfhb
hbhf
hf ht
htur
urhf
hf mh
mhsh
shrr pc
pcfy
fyc`
c`cf
cfeeh
eehrh
rhhf
hf fcehr
fcehrhh sc
sckh
khrh
rh
mcinbrhtls mhf inmcrf.

<
 

3) Sftu
Sftub
b icfy
icfyci
cipu
purf
rfhb
hbhf
hf ht
htur
urhf
hf mh
mhsh
shrr gh
ghil
ilfh
fhf
f bn
bnfs
fstl
tltu
tusl
slnf
nfh`
h` mh
mhf
f
bcwhglahf fcehrh yhfe icwugumbhf bcscghjtcrhhf snslh`, icfkcrmhsbhf
bc
bcjl
jlmup
muphf
hf ah
ahfes
fesh,
h, icfc
icfcehb
ehbbh
bhf
f ct
ctlb
lbh,
h, inrh
inrh`,
`, mh
mhf
f sn
sn`l
`lmh
mhrl
rlth
thss mh
mh`h
`hi
i
bcjlmuphf acrihsyhrhbht, acrahfesh, mhf acrfcehrh.

1. Bcmumub
Bcmumubhf
hf Bnfstlt
Bnfstltusl
usl (Sfmh
(Sfmhfe-S
fe-Sfmhf
fmhfe
e Mhshr)
Mhshr)
Bcacrh
Bcacrhmhh
mhhf
f ufmhfe-
ufmhfe-ufm
ufmhfe
hfe mhshr
mhshr,, ahel scauhj
scauhj fcehrh
fcehrh tcftu
tcftu shgh
shgh mlauht
mlauht mcfehf
mcfehf
tuguhf,
tuguhf, acftub, mhf lsl yhfe acracmh-acmh.
acracmh-acmh. Uh`hupu
Uh`hupuf
f mcilblhf,
mcilblhf, sctlhp
sctlhp bnfstltusl
bnfstltusl
icipufyhl bcmumubhf rcsil hthu dnrih` yhfe rc`htld shih, yhltu scahehl jubui
mhshr mhf jubui tcrtlfeel.
h. Bnfstlt
Bnfstltusl
usl scahehl
scahehl Jubui
Jubui Mhshr 
Mhshr 
Bnfstltusl acrbcmumubhf scahehl jubui mhshr bhrcfh acrlsl hturhf mhf bctcftuhf
tcfthfe jh`-jh` yhfe icfmhshr mh`hi bcjlmuphf suhtu fcehrh. [ckhrh bjusus,
bnfstltusl
bnfstltusl iciuht hturhf tcfthfe
tcfthfe ahmhf-ahmhf
ahmhf-ahmhf pcicrlfthj
pcicrlfthj (`ciaheh-`ci
(`ciaheh-`ciaheh
aheh
fcehrh), mhf scbh`leus iciacrlbhf bcwcfhfehf bcphmh `ciaheh-`ciaheh fcehrh
tcrscaut.
 a. Bnfstltusl scahehl Jubui ]crtlfeel
]crtlfeel
Bnfstltusl `hzlifyh gueh mlacrl bcmumubhf scahehl jubui tcrtlfeel mh`hi thth
jubui
jubui yhfe acrshf
acrshfebut
ebuthf.
hf. _crhtu
_crhturhf
rhf pcrufm
pcrufmhfe-
hfe-ufm
ufmhfeh
hfehf
f `hl
`hlf
f tlmhb
tlmhb an`cj
an`cj
 acrtcfthfehf mcfehf hturhf bnfstltusl.
k. Iuhthf
Iuhthf Bnfs
Bnfstlt
tltusl
usl Fcehrh
Fcehrh ml
ml Lfmnfc
Lfmnfcslh
slh
Sfmhfe-Sfmhfe Mhshr 8<=3 icruphbhf shtu bcshtuhf rhfebhlhf ruiushf jubui

Lfmnfcslh. Lslfyh icfkhbup mhshr-mhshr fnrihtld scahehl acrlbut 7

8) [cahehl
[cahehl shrhfh
shrhfh pcfecfmh`
pcfecfmh`ll (tnn`
(tnn` nd snklh`
snklh` hfm pn`ltlkh
pn`ltlkh`` knftrn`
knftrn`)) tcr
tcrjhm
jhmhp
hp
 pcfyliphfehf mhf pcfyc`cwcfehf mh`hi mlfhilbh pcrbciahfehf zhihf.
1) [cahehl shrhfh
shrhfh pciahruhf
pciahruhf ihsyhrhbh
ihsyhrhbhtt (tnn` nd snklh`
snklh` hfm pn`ltlkh`
pn`ltlkh` rcdnri)
rcdnri)..
;) [cahehl shrhfh
shrhfh pcrcbhyh
pcrcbhyhshhf
shhf (tnn`
(tnn` nd snklh`
snklh` hfm pn`ltlkh`
pn`ltlkh` cfelfccr
cfelfccrlfe)
lfe) bc
hrhj klth-klth bn`cbtld ahfesh.
_nbnb-pnbnb plblrhf yhfe tcrbhfmufe mh`hi _ciaubhhf Sfmhfe-Sfmhfe Mhshr 
8<=3 scahehl acrlbut 7

8?
 

8) Fcehrh
Fcehrh ic`lfmuf
ic`lfmufel
el scecfhp
scecfhp ahfesh Lfmnfc
Lfmnfcslh
slh mhf sc`uruj
sc`uruj tuiphj
tuiphj mhrhj
mhrhj
Lfmnfcslh mcfehf acrmhshr hths pcrshtuhf lfmnfcslh.
1) Fcehrh
Fcehrh jcfmhb icwugumbh
icwugumbhf
f bchml`hf
bchml`hf snslh`
snslh` ahel sc`uruj
sc`uruj rhbyht
rhbyht Lfmnfcslh.
Lfmnfcslh.
;) Fceh
Fcehrrh yhfe
yhfe acr
acrbcmh
bcmhu`
u`ht
hthf
hf rhb
hbyh
yhtt, acrm
acrmhs
hshr
hr ht
hths
hs bcr
bcrhb
hbyh
yhtthf mhf
mhf
 pcriusyhwhrhthf pcrwhbl`hf.
=) Fceh
Fcehrrh acr
acrmhs
mhshr ht
hths
hs Bctu
Bctujh
jhfh
fhf
f \hf
hfe
e Ihjh
Ihjh Csh
Csh icfu
icfuru
rutt mhsh
mhshr 
r 
bcihfuslhhf yhfe hml` mhf acrhmha.
Icfur
Icfurut
ut ([
([rl
rl [n
[nci
cihf
hftr
trll 8<:57
8<:5738
38),
), ihtc
ihtcrl
rl ht
hthu
hu ls
lsll sc
scauh
auhj
j bn
bnfs
fstl
tltu
tusl
sl yhfe
yhfe
ilfliui mhf icruphbhf bctcftuhf jubui jhrus acrlsl tleh jh` pnbnb, yhltu 7
8) Hmhfyh ghilfh
ghilfhf
f tcrjhmhp
tcrjhmhp jhb-jhb
jhb-jhb hshsl
hshsl ihfuslh
ihfuslh mhf whreh
whreh fcehrhf
fcehrhfyh
yh
1) Mltc
Mltcth
thpb
pbhf
hffy
fyhh susu
susufh
fhf
f bc
bcth
thth
thfc
fceh
ehrh
rhhf
hf suht
suhtu
u Fceh
Fcehrh
rh yh
yhfe
fe ac
acrs
rsld
ldht
ht
dufmhicfth`.
;) Hmhf
Hmhfyh
yh pci
pciahel
ahelhf
hf mhf
mhf pcia
pciaht
hths
hshf
hf tuehs
uehs bcth
bcthtthfce
hfcehr
hrhh
hhf
f yhfe
yhfe

dufmhicfth`.
Mh`hi scghrhjfyh,
scghrhjfyh, scghb prnb`hihsl
prnb`hihsl 85 Heustus 8<=3 jlfeeh scbhrhfe ml
Lfmnfcslh tc`hj acr`hbu tleh ihkhi ufmhfe-ufmhfe mhshr mhh`hi cipht pcrlnmc,
yhltu scahehl acrlbut 7
8) _crlnm
_crlnmcc 8: Heustus
Heustus 8<=3
8<=3 ‛ 15 Mcsciac
Mcsciacrr 8<=< acr`hbu
acr`hbu SSM 8<=3.
8<=3. SSM
8<=3 tcrmlrl mhrl ahelhf pciaubhhf, ahthfe tuauj (84 aha), ;5 phsh`, =
 phsh` Hturhf _crh`ljhf, 1 hyht Hturhf ]hiahjhf mhf ahelhf pcfgc`hshf.
1) _crlnm
_crlnmcc 15 Mcscia
Mcsciacr
cr 8<=< - 85 Heustu
Heustuss 8<3? acr`hbu
acr`hbu SSM QL[.
QL[. SSM
QL[ tcrmlrl hths 4 aha, 8<5 phsh` mhf acacrhph ahelhf.
;) _crlnm
_crlnmcc 85 Heustus
Heustus 8<3?
8<3? ‛ 3 Gu`l
Gu`l 8<3< acr`hbu
acr`hbu SSM[
SSM[ 8<3? yhfe tcrmlr
tcrmlrll
hths 4 aha, 8=4 phsh` mhf acacrhph ahelhf.
=) _crlnmc
_crlnmc 3 Gu`l
Gu`l 8<3<
8<3< ‛ scbhrhfe
scbhrhfe bciah`l
bciah`l acr`hbu
acr`hbu SSM 8<=3.

;. Bnfs
Bnfstl
tltu
tusl
sl Fceh
Fcehrh
rh QL
Ml Lfmnfcslh juaufehf hfthrh mhshr fcehrh _hfkhsl`h mhf bnfstltusl mhpht ml`ljht
mhrl juaufehf ml hfthrh sl`h-sl`h _hfkhsl`h yhfe tcriuht mh`hi _ciaubhhf Sfmhfe-
Sfmhfe Mhshr 8<=3 yhfe bciumlhf mlghahrbhf mh`hi phsh`-phsh` Sfmhfe-Sfmhfe
Mhshr
Mhshr 8<=3.I
8<=3.Irr. [ncpni
[ncpnin
n ic`ubl
ic`ublsbh
sbhf
f juaufeh
juaufehf
f ltu mcfehf
mcfehf bhth-b
bhth-bhth
hth,, ‐uf
‐ufmhfe
mhfe--
88
 

ufmhfe mhshr jhrus icfklpthbhf pnbnb-pnbnb plblrhf lfl (mh`hi pciaubhhf) mh`hi
 phsh`-phsh`fyh’. Mcfehf bhth `hlf, phsh`-phsh` SSM 8<=3 hmh`hj pcfghahrhf mhrl
 pnbnb-pnbnb plblrhf yhfe hmh mh`hi _ciaubhhf SSM 8<=3.
Kcrilfhf fl`h-fl`hl _hfkhsl`h mhpht ml`ljht phmh bcfyhthhf lsl _ciaubhhf mhf lsl
 phsh`-phsh` ml mh`hi Ahthfe ]uauj
]uauj SSM 8<=3, yhltu scahehl acrlbut 7
h. Bctujhf
Bctujhfhf
hf \hfe
\hfe Ihjh Csh, mlfyht
mlfyhthbh
hbhf
f ml mh`hi lsl H`lf
H`lfch
ch LLL _ciaubhh
_ciaubhhf
f
SSM 8<=3 mhf lsl _hsh` 1< Hyht
Hyht (8) mhf (1) SSM 8<=3.
 a. Bcihfuslhhf yhfe hml` mhf acrmhmha, mlfyhthbhf ml mh`hi lsl H`lfch L
_ciaubhhf SSM 8<=3 mhf lsl _hsh` 15 Hyht (8), (1) mhf (;)2 _hsh` 1: H s.m
_hsh` 1: G2 1< Hyht
Hyht (8) mhf (1)2 _hsh` ;? Hyht
Hyht (8) SSM 8<=3 Hihfmcicf.
k. _c
_crs
rsht
htuh
uhf
f Lfmn
Lfmnfcs
fcslh
lh,, mlfy
mlfyht
hthb
hbhf
hf ml mh
mh`h
`hi
i ls
lsll H`lfch
H`lfch LT _ciaub
_ciaubhhf
hhf SSM
SSM
8<=3 mhf lsl _hsh`-phsh` 8 Hyht (8), 15 Hyht (;), ;1, ;3, ;4, ;4H, ;4A, mhf
;4K SSM 8<=3 Hihfmcicf.

m. Bcrhbyhthf yhfe mlpliplf n`cj jlbiht bcalghbshfhhf mh`hi

 pcriusyhwhrhthf/pcrwhbl`hf, mlfyhthbhf ml mh`hi lsl H`lfch LT _ciaubhhf
SSM 8<=3, mhf lsl _hsh` 8 Hyht (1) mhf (;), _hsh` 1 Hyht (8), 8< Hyht (8), mhf
1? Hyht
Hyht (8) SSM 8<=3 Hihfmcicf.
c. Bchml`hf
Bchml`hf snslh`
snslh` ahel sc`uru
sc`uruj
j rhbyht Lfmnfcsl
Lfmnfcslh,
h, mlfyhthbhf
mlfyhthbhf ml mh`hi
mh`hi lsl
lsl H`lfch
H`lfch
LL mhf LT _ciaubhhf SSM 8<=3 mhf lsl _hsh`-phsh` Hyht
Hyht 1; Hyht
Hyht (8), 15 Hyht
Hyht
(8) mhf (1), 1:, 1< Hyht (1), ;; Hyht (8), (1), mhf (;), mhf ;= SSM 8<=3
Hihfmcicf.
=. _crahf
_crahfmlf
mlfehf
ehf [ckhrh
[ckhrh Siui
Siui Bnfstl
Bnfstltus
tusll _hmh
_hmh Fcehrh
Fcehrh Qcpua`lb
Qcpua`lb Lfmnfcsl
Lfmnfcslh,
h, Fcehrh
Fcehrh
@lacrh`, mhf Fcehrh Bniufls
h. Fcehr
Fcehrhh Qcpua
Qcpua`l
`lb
b Lfmn
Lfmnfcs
fcslh
lh
Bnfstltusl Fcehrh Qcpua`lb Lfmnfcslh acrsuiacr phmh SSM 8<=3. Icbhflsic
 pc`hbshfhhf Mcinbrhsl _hfkhsl`h acrsuiacr phmh SSM 8<=3. Mh`hi
 pcfyc`cfeehrhhf pcicrlfthj fcehrh, Lfmnfcslh icfehfut phjhi
Bnfstltuslnfh`lsic. Jh` lfl mhpht blth `ljht phmh _ciaubhhf SSM 8<=3 yhfe
icfyht
icfyhthbh
hbhf
f ‐..
‐....i
..ihbh
hbh mlsusu
mlsusuf`h
f`hj
j bcicrm
bcicrmcbh
cbhhf
hf bcahfes
bcahfeshhf
hhf ltu mh`hi
mh`hi suhtu
suhtu
Sfmhfe-Sfmhfe Mhshr...’.
Mhshr...’.

81
 

Hmhpuf bcbuhshhf pcicrlfthjhf mhf `ciaheh fcehrh scsuhl SSM 8<=3 scahehl
 acrlbut 7
8) Ihgc`ls
Ihgc`ls _crius
_criusyhwhrh
yhwhrhthf
thf Qhbyht (_hsh`
(_hsh` 1-;).
1-;).
1) Bcph`h
Bcph`h Fcehrh
Fcehrh hmh`hj
hmh`hj scnrhfe
scnrhfe _rcslm
_rcslmcf
cf (_hsh`
(_hsh` 4).
;) Icfeeufhbhf
Icfeeufhbhf slstci
slstci pcicrl
pcicrlfthjhf
fthjhf _rcslmc
_rcslmcfslh`
fslh` (_hsh`
(_hsh` = mhf 85).
=) Icfcrhpbhf
Icfcrhpbhf slstci
slstci ahelhf bcbuhshhf
bcbuhshhf (mlstrl
(mlstrlausl
ausl pnwcr).
pnwcr).
3) Bcbuhs
Bcbuhshhf
hhf `cels`ht
`cels`htld
ld mlpcehfe
mlpcehfe n`cj
n`cj scnhrr
scnhrrhfe
hfe _rcslmcf
_rcslmcf mhf phrh
phrh icftcr
icftcrll
(_hsh` 85).
4) Bcbuhs
Bcbuhshhf
hhf `cels`ht
`cels`htld
ld mlpceh
mlpcehfe
fe n`cj
n`cj M_Q acrshih-
acrshih-shi
shihh mcfehf
mcfehf _rcslmcf
_rcslmcf
(_hsh` 3 Hyht 8, 1?).
5) Bcbu
Bcbuhs
hshh
hhf
f yu
yuml
mlbh
bhtl
tldd mlpc
mlpceh
ehfe
fe n`
n`cj
cj sc
scau
auhj
hj Ihjb
Ihjbhi
hihj
hj Heuf
Heufe
e mh
mhf
f
Ihjbhihj Bnfstltusl (_hsh` 1=).
:) SSM tc`hj
tc`hj mlhihfmci
mlhihfmcicfbhf
cfbhf scahfyhb
scahfyhb = bh`l
bh`l shiphl
shiphl mcfehf
mcfehf thjuf
thjuf 1??1.

 a. Fcehrh @lacrh`

Hicrlbh [crlbht hmh`hj fcehrh `lacrh` yhfe bnfstltuslfyh mhpht mlghmlbhf ahjhf
 pcrahfmlfehf scahehl acrlbut.
8) Bcph`h
Bcph`h fcehr
fcehrhh hmh`hj
hmh`hj scnrhf
scnrhfe
e _rcslmc
_rcslmcf.
f.
1) Icfeeufhbhf
Icfeeufhbhf slstci
slstci pcicrlfthjhf
pcicrlfthjhf prcslmcfslh
prcslmcfslh`.
`.
;) Icfcrhphbhf
Icfcrhphbhf slstci
slstci pcilshjhf
pcilshjhf bcbuhshhf
bcbuhshhf (scphrh
(scphrhtlnf
tlnf pnwcr).
pnwcr).
=) Bcbuhshhf
Bcbuhshhf cbscbutld
cbscbutld mlpcehfe
mlpcehfe n`cj
n`cj _rcslmcf
_rcslmcf uftub ihsh
ihsh ghahthf
ghahthf = thjuf.
thjuf.
3) Bcbuhshhf
Bcbuhshhf `cels`htl
`cels`htldd mlpcehfe
mlpcehfe n`cj Bnfercs.
Bnfercs.
4) Bcbuhshhf
Bcbuhshhf yumlbhtld
yumlbhtld mlpcehfe
mlpcehfe n`cj scauhj Ihjbhihj
Ihjbhihj Heufe.
5) ]c`hj mlhihfmci
mlhihfmcicfbhf
cfbhf scahfyhb
scahfyhb 1= bh`l shiphl
shiphl mcfehf
mcfehf thjuf
thjuf 8<4=.

3. Fceh
Fcehrh
rh Bniu
Bniufl
flss
[h`hj shtu fcehrh snslh`ls bniufls hmh`hj Sfl [nvlct yhfe tc`hj auahr phmh thjuf
8<<8. _cicrlfthjhf Sfl [nvlct acrshfmhr phmh Bnfstltusl [th`lf. Acrlbut hmh`hj klrl
bjhsfyh.
h. _hjhi
_hjhi yh
yhfe
fe mlhfu
mlhfutt hm
hmh`
h`hj
hj Ihrx
Ihrxls
lsic
ic-@
-@cfl
cflfl
flsi
sicc mh`hi
mh`hi ac
acft
ftub
ub pc
pcic
icrl
rlft
fthjf
hjf
snslh`ls.
 a. @ciaheh fcehrh yhfe icfyc`cfeehrhbhf pcicrlfthjhf
p cicrlfthjhf scahehl acrlbut 7
8;
 

8) [nvlc
[nvlctt tc
tcrt
rtlf
lfee
eell yh
yhfe
fe tc
tcrm
rmlr
lrll ht
hths
hs I_Q,
I_Q, pcr
pcrwh
whbl
bl`h
`hf
f rh
rhbyh
byht,
t, pc
pcrw
rwhbl
hbl`h
`hf
f
rcpua`lb-rcpua`lb ahelhf.
1) _rcslm
_rcslmlui
lui [nvlc
[nvlctt ]crt
]crtlfe
lfeeel
eel..
k. Icftcrl-icft
Icftcrl-icftcrl
crl acrthfeeufe
acrthfeeufe ghwha
ghwha bcphmh
bcphmh _rcslmlui
_rcslmlui [nvlct
[nvlct ]crtl
]crtlfeel.
feel.
m. Jhfyh
Jhfyh tcrmh
tcrmhpht
pht shtu
shtu phrthl
phrthl pn`lt
pn`ltlb.
lb.
K. _crl`hb
_crl`hbu
u Bnfstlt
Bnfstltusln
uslnfh`
fh`
8. _crl`hbu
_crl`hbu Bnfstltusln
Bnfstltuslnfh`
fh` Ahel _cfyc`cfeehrh
_cfyc`cfeehrhhf
hf Fcehrh
Fcehrh
Acrmhshrbhf bnfstltusl yhfe acr`hbu ml Lfmnfcslh shht lfl pcfyc`cfeehrhhf Fcehrh
ml`hbshfhbhf n`cj `ciaheh-`ciaheh Fcehrh ic`lputl7
h. I_Q  
 a. _rcslmcf
k. Bcic
Bcicft
ftrl
rlhf
hf Fceh
Fcehrh
rh
m. M_Q  

c. M_M
d. B_S
e. Ahmhf
Ahmhf _c
_cic
icrl
rlbs
bshh Bcuhf
Bcuhfeh
ehf
f
j. IH
l. IB  
 g. ]FL
b. Bcpn`l
Bcpn`lslh
slhf
f Fcehrh
Fcehrh Qcpua`
Qcpua`lb
lb Lfmnfc
Lfmnfcslh
slh..
@c
@cia
iaheh
heh-`
-`ci
ciah
aheh
eh pcfyc
pcfyc`c
`cfe
feeh
ehrh
rh Fcehr
Fcehrhh tc
tcrs
rsca
caut
ut ic`h
ic`hbs
bshfh
hfhbh
bhf
f tu
tueh
ehss ht
hthu
hu
bcwhglahffyh acrmhshrbhf wcwcfhfe yhfe mlil`lbl acrmhshrbhf bctcthphf bnfstltusl
`hlf 7
h. I_Q  
8) Icfeuah
Icfeuahj
j mhf
mhf icfcth
icfcthpbhf
pbhf SSM
1) Ic`hftlb
Ic`hftlb _rcslmc
_rcslmcf
f mhf Uhbl` _rcslmcf
_rcslmcf
;) Iciacr
Iciacrjcft
jcftlbh
lbhf
f _rcslm
_rcslmcf
cf mhf hthu Uhbl`
hbl` _rcslm
_rcslmcf
cf mh`hi
mh`hi ihsh
ihsh ghahth
ghahthffy
ffyhh
icfurut SSM
=) Icfeuah
Icfeuahj
j mhf
mhf icfcth
icfcthpbhf
pbhf SSM
3) Ic`hftlb
Ic`hftlb _rcslmc
_rcslmcf
f mhf Uhbl` _rcslmcf
_rcslmcf

8=
 

4) Iciacr
Iciacrjcft
jcftlbh
lbhf
f _rcslm
_rcslmcf
cf mhf hthu Uhbl`
hbl` _rcslm
_rcslmcf
cf mh`hi
mh`hi ihsh
ihsh ghahth
ghahthffy
ffyhh
icfurut SSM
 a. _rcslmcf mhf Bcicftrlhf Fcehrh
8) ]lmhb
lmhb pcrfhj
pcrfhj icfej
icfejlhf
lhfhtl
htl Fceh
Fcehrh
rh
1) Ihipu sckhrh
sckhrh rnjhfl
rnjhfl mhf ghsihfl
ghsihfl uftub
uftub ic`hbshfhbhf
ic`hbshfhbhf tuehs
tuehs scahehl
scahehl _rcs mhf
Uhprcs
;) Icfehg
Icfehgubh
ubhf
f rhfkhf
rhfkhfehf
ehf SS
SS bcphmh
bcphmh M_Q 
=) Icfcthpbhf
Icfcthpbhf pcrhtu
pcrhturhf
rhf pcicrlf
pcicrlfthj
thj uftub
uftub icfgh`
icfgh`hfbhf
hfbhf SS
SS
k. Mcwhf
Mcwhf _crw
_crwhb
hbl`
l`hf
hf Qhby
Qhbyht
ht (M_
(M_Q)
Q)
8) Acrslm
Acrslmhfe
hfe scmlbl
scmlbltfy
tfyhh scbh`l
scbh`l mh`hi scthj
scthjuf
uf
1) Icia
Iciacf
cftu
tub
b ufmhfe-
ufmhfe-ufm
ufmhf
hfe
e
;) Iciahjhs
Iciahjhs rhfkhfehf
rhfkhfehf ufmhfe-ufmhfe
ufmhfe-ufmhfe acrshih
acrshih mcfehf
mcfehf _rcslmcf
_rcslmcf
1. _crl`
_crl`hbu
hbu Bnfstlt
Bnfstltusl
uslnfh
nfh`` Uhr
Uhreh
eh Fcehrh
Fcehrh

h. Icfehbu
Icfehbull mhf icfejh
icfejhre
rehl
hl jhb-jh
jhb-jhb
b hshsl
hshsl nrhfe
nrhfe `hlf.
`hlf.
 a. Icihtujl mhf icfhhtl pcrhturhf yhfe acr`hbu,
a cr`hbu, ahlb pcrhturhf `h`u `lfths, scbn`hj,
mhf `hlf scahehlfyh.
k. ]lmhb
lmhb ihl
ihlf
f jhbl
jhbli
i scfm
scfmlr
lrl.
l.
m. Icfgheh
Icfgheh bcscl
bcscliah
iahfehf
fehf hfthr
hfthrhh jhb mhf bcwhg
bcwhglah
lahf.
f.
c. Hmhfyh bctcraubhhf
bctcraubhhf mhf
mhf ctlbh
ctlbh mh`hi
mh`hi icfejhmhpl
icfejhmhpl suhtu
suhtu pcrihs
pcrihsh`hjh
h`hjhf.
f.
d. Icfecia
Icfeciahfe
hfebhf
bhf slbhp
slbhp shmhr
shmhr mhf rhslnf
rhslnfh`.
h`.
e. Icfgh`lf
Icfgh`lf pcrshtuhf
pcrshtuhf mhf bcshtuhf
bcshtuhf ic`h`ul
ic`h`ul acrahehl
acrahehl bcelhthf.
bcelhthf.
j. _c`hb
_c`hbsh
shfh
fhhf
hf pc
pcil
il`l
`ljhf
jhf uiui
uiui sc
sckh
khrh
rh tr
trhfs
hfsphr
phrhf
hf,, gu
gugu
gurr, hml`,
hml`, mh
mhf
f ac
acahs
ahs,, sc
scrt
rthh
scsuhl mcfehf pcrhturhf yhfe acr`hbu.
l. _cf
_cfeh
ehia
ial`
l`hf
hf bc
bcpu
putu
tush
shf
f mc
mcfeh
fehf
f iusy
iusyhwh
hwhrh
rhj
j ht
hthu
hu pc
pciu
iufe
feut
uthf
hf su
suhr
hrh,
h, tl
tlmhb 
mhb 
mcfehf infcy pn`ltlk, suhp, bn`usl, mhf lftlilmhsl.
 g. _c`hbshfhhf mcinfstrhsl hthu hbsl-hbsl sckhrh mhihl aubhf mcfehf bcbcrhshf,
lfdl`trhsl, hthu rcvn`usl.
b. Icia
Iciahy
hyhr
hr phgh
phghb
b tcpht
tcpht whb
whbtu
tu..
`. Lbut
Lbut ic`h
ic`hbs
bshf
hfhb
hbhf
hf pc
pcia
iac`
c`hh
hhf
f fc
fceh
ehrh
rh sc
scsu
suhl
hl mc
mcfe
fehf
hf bc
bcih
ihip
ipuh
uhf,
f, jh
jhb
b mh
mhf
f
bcwhglahf.

83
 

i. Iciacrlbhf
Iciacrlbhf brltlb
brltlb hthu shrhf bcphmh pcicrlfthj
pcicrlfthj ic`h`ul whbl` rhbyht.
rhbyht. _crl`hbu
_crl`hbu
bnfstltuslnfh` jhrus ml`hbshfhbhf n`cj pcfyc`cfeehrh mhf whreh fcehrh sckhrh
scliahfe. Sftub icfeciahfebhf pcrl`hbu bnfstltuslnfh`, pcrthih bh`l mcfehf
icfecthjul mhf icihjhil hturhf-hturhf pcfyc`cfeehrhhf fcehrh yhfe tckhftui
mh`hi SSM 8<=3.
;. [lbhp
[lbhp tcrj
tcrjhmh
hmhp
p Bnfst
Bnfstlt
ltusl
usl Fcehrh
Fcehrh
[lbh
[lbhp
p tc
tcrj
rjhm
hmhp
hp bn
bnfs
fstl
tltu
tusl
sl fc
fceh
ehrh
rh hm
hmh`
h`hj
hj pc
pcfm
fmlr
lrlh
lhf
f ht
hthu
hu pn`h
pn`h pl
plbl
blrr yh
yhfe
fe
icihfmhfe fhlb,icfejhrehl, mhf icfgufgufe tlfeeel tcrjhmhp bnfstltusl hthu SSM.
[lbhp
[lbhp pn
pnsl
sltl
tldd tc
tcrj
rjhmh
hmhp
p bn
bnfs
fstl
tltu
tusl
sl tc
tcrw
rwug
ugum
um mh
mh`h
`hi
i ph
phjh
jhi
i bn
bnfs
fstl
tltu
tusl
slnfh
nfh`l
`lsi
sic.
c.
Bnfs
Bnfstl
tltu
tusl
slnf
nfh`
h`ls
lsic
ic hm
hmh`
h`hj
hj eh
ehehs
ehshf
hf ht
hthu
hu ph
phjh
jhi
i yh
yhfe
fe ac
acrp
rprl
rlfs
fslp
lp ah
ahjw
jwhh SSM
SSM
icipufyhl
icipufyhl dufesl yhfe bjhs,yhltu
bjhs,yhltu iciahthsl bcbuhshhf pcicrlfthj
pcicrlfthj scmcilblhf
scmcilblhf
ruph
ruph sc
scjl
jlfe
feeh
eh pcfyc
pcfyc`c
`cfe
feeh
ehrh
rhhf
hf bc
bcbu
buhs
hshh
hhf
f tl
tlmh
mhb
b sc
scwc
wcfh
fhfe-
fe-wc
wcfh
fhfe.
fe. Mcfe
Mcfehf
hf
bnfstltuslnfh`lsic hbhf tcrthfhi bcshmhrhf acthph pcftlfefyh bnfstltusl hthu SSM

yh
yhfe
fe mljnr
mljnrih
ihtl
tl,, mltc
mltcehb
ehbbh
bhf
f mh
mhf
f mlth
mlthht
htll mh`hi
mh`hi pcfyc
pcfyc`c
`cfe
feeh
ehrh
rhhf
hf fc
fcehr
ehrh,
h, ahlb 
ahlb 
 pcicrlfthj/pcfeuhsh fcehrh mhf whreh fcehrh.
_hmh shht lfl mlbhthbhf ahjwh ahfesh lfmnfcslh tc`hj icil`lbl scauhj bnfstltusl
yhfe mcinbrhtls mhf inmcrf. Jh` ltu bhrcfh blth tc`hj icil`lbl bnfstltusl yhfe
scsu
scsuhl
hl mc
mcfeh
fehf
f sc
scih
ihfe
feht
ht zh
zhih
ihf,
f, sc
scrt
rthh ihip
ihipu
u icwh
icwhmh
mhjl
jl ml
mlfh
fhil
ilbh
bh bc
bcjl
jlmu
muphf
phf
 acrahfesh mhf acrfcehrh phmh ihsh yhfe hbhf mhthfe. hph yhfe jhrus blth `hbubhf
hehr SSM 8<=3 icil`lbl
icil`lbl ihbfh mhf iciahwh
iciahwh ihfdhht
ihfdhht yhfe fyhth ahel bcjlmuphf
 acrahfesh mhf acrfcehrh> ghwhafyh hmh`hj icihjhil mhf ic`hbshfhbhf SSM 8<=3
tcrscaut sckhrh bnfslstcf. SSM 8<=3 yhfe mltcthpbhf phmh thfeeh` 8: heustus 8<=3
tcrscaut icfehfut bnfscp fcehrh jubui mhf prlfslp mcinbrhsl.
=. Sphyh
Sphyh Icwug
Icwugumbh
umbhf
f Bcpcft
Bcpcftlfe
lfehf
hf Fhsln
Fhslnfh`
fh`
Lsl pciaubhhf SSM 8<=3 sckhrh icfyc`uruj
icfyc`uruj icfkcrilfbhf
icfkcrilfbhf jhblbht pcrguhfehf
pcrguhfehf
 ahfesh lfmnfcslh, ahlb hspcb dh`shdhj mhshr, `hfmhshf-`hfmhshf lmch` mhf sprltuh`,
ihupuf tuguhf fhslnfh` yhfe lfelf mlkhphl.
Ic`l
Ic`lfm
fmufe
ufell sc
scec
ecfh
fhp
p ahfes
ahfeshh mh
mhf
f sc
sc`u
`uru
ruj
j tu
tuip
iphj
hj mh
mhrh
rhj
j lf
lfmn
mnfcs
fcslh
lh,, acrhr
acrhrtl
tl
ic`lfmufel mcfehf shrhfh-shrhfh dlslb mhf fnfdlslb scpcrtl hfebhthf acrscfghth scrth
 pcrthjhfhf bchihfhf `hlffyh, tcrihsub shrhfh jubui, ahlb jubui fhslnfh` ihupuf

84
 

jubui lftcrfhslnfh`. Mcfehf shshrhf yhfe jhrus ml`lfmufel lh`hj scecfhp ahfesh mhf
sc`uruj tuiphj mhrhj lfmnfcslh yhfe acrhrtl ihfuslh mhf wl`hyhjfyh.
Icih
Icihgu
gubh
bhf
f bc
bcsc
scgh
ghjt
jtcr
crhh
hhf
f uiui
uiui mh
mhf
f icfk
icfkcr
crmh
mhsb
sbhf
hf bc
bcjl
jlmu
muph
phf
f ah
ahfe
fesh
sh
icfehfmufe hsplrhsl mhf klth-klth hbhf tcrklpthfyh suhtu ththalfh fcehrh mhf ththalfh
snslh` yhfe ihipu icfkcrilfbhf mhf icfeciahfebhf bcscghjtcrhhf ihsyhrhbht.
Bcjlmuphf ahfesh pcr`u mlkcrmhsbhf mh`hi hrtl pcfeciahfehf l`iu pcfecthjuhf
mhf tcbfn`nel scrth pcfejhyhthf uiht acrhehih hehr tlmhb acrehftufe phmh fcehrh
hthu ahfesh hslfe.
3. Iciahfeuf
Iciahfeuf [lstci
[lstci _cicrlfthjhf
_cicrlfthjhf yhfe Bnfstltusl
Bnfstltuslnfh`
nfh`
_ciaubhhf SSM 8<=3 icipufyhl bcmumubhf pnbnb scahehl bhlmhj fcehrh yhfe
dufmhicfth` ihbsumfyh, hfthrh `hlf scahehl acrlbut 7
h. [cahehl
[cahehl jubui
jubui mhshr,
mhshr, scaha pciaubh
pciaubhhf
hf SSM 8<=3 yhfe iciacr
iciacrlbh
lbhf
f dhbtnr 
iut`hb ahel hmhfyh tcrtla jubui ml lfmnfcslh.

 a. [cahehl suiacr jubui tcrtlfeel mh`hi thth uruthf pcrhturhf pcrufmhfehf ml
Lfmnfcslh. [cjlfeeh pciaubhhf SSM 8<=3 tlmhb mhpht mluahj n`cj slhphpuf
tc
tcri
rihs
hsub
ub I_Q
I_Q jh
jhsl
sl`` pcil`
pcil`u
u sc
sc`h
`hih
ih bl
blth
th ihsl
ihslj
j ph
phtu
tuj
j mh
mhf
f sc
sctl
tlhh uf
uftu
tub 
b 
icipcrthjhfbhf fcehrh bcshtuhf QL mhf prnb`hihsl bcicrmcbhhf 85 heustus
8<=3.
SSM
SSM 8<=3
8<=3 tc
tc`h
`hj
j icfe
icfeh`
h`hi
hill pcrua
pcruahhf
hhf ic`h
ic`h`u
`ull sl
slmh
mhfe
fe th
thju
jufh
fhf
f I_Q
I_Q QL tc
tcth
thp
p
 acrsuiacr phmh phfkhsl`h mhf icfghml suiacr yhfe mlghmlbhf ahjhf uftub 
icfyus
icfyusuf
uf pcrhtu
pcrhturhf
rhf pcrufmh
pcrufmhfe-
fe-ufm
ufmhfeh
hfehf.
f. SSM 8<=3
8<=3 tc`
tc`hj
hj mlhihf
mlhihfmci
mcicfbh
cfbhf
f
scahfyhb cipht bh`l. hmhpuf whbtu pcfecshjhffyh hmh`hj scahehl acrlbut 7

h. Hihfmc
Hihfmcicf
icf L mlshjbh
mlshjbhf
f thfeeh
thfeeh`` 8< nbtna
nbtnacr
cr 8<<<
8<<<
 a. Hihfmcicf LL mlshjbhf thfeeh` 8: heustus 1???
k. Hihfmc
Hihfmcicf
icf LLL
LLL mlshj
mlshjbhf
bhf thfee
thfeeh`
h` 8? fnvci
fnvciacr
acr 1??8
1??8
m. Hihfmc
Hihfmcicf
icf LT
LT mlshj
mlshjbhf
bhf thfee
thfeeh`
h` 8? nbtna
nbtnacr
cr 1??1
1??1
Bcjlmuphf thth pcicrlfthjhf ml lfmnfcslh mltcehsbhf mh`hi ufmhfe-ufmhfe mhshr 
8<=3 scahehl acrlbut 7
h. Lfmn
Lfmnfc
fcsl
slhh hmh`h
hmh`hj
j fcehr
fcehrhh yh
yhfe
fe ac
acrm
rmhs
hshr
hrbh
bhf
f ht
hths
hs ju
jubui
bui,, tl
tlmhb
mhb ac
acrm
rmhs
hshr
hrbh
bhf
f
bcbuhshhf ac`hbh.
85
 

 a. _cicrlfthjhf Lfmnfcslh acrmhshrbhf slstci bnfstltuslnfh`

b nfstltuslnfh` hthu jubui mhshr 
tlmhb acrsldht hasn`ut hthu bcbuhshhf yhfe tlmhb tcrahths.
k. Bcbuhs
Bcbuhshhf
hhf fcehrh
fcehrh yhfe
yhfe tcrtl
tcrtlfeel
feel mlth
mlthfehf
fehf rhbyh
rhbyhtt
m. _rcslmcf
_rcslmcf lh`hj
lh`hj pcfyc`cfe
pcfyc`cfeehrh
ehrh pcicrlf
pcicrlfthjhf
thjhf fcehrh
fcehrh yhfe
yhfe tcrtlf
tcrtlfeel.
eel.
c. _rcslmcf
_rcslmcf tlmhb
tlmhb acrthfeeufe
acrthfeeufe ghwha bcphmh mcwhf pcrwhbl`hf
pcrwhbl`hf rhbyht.
rhbyht.
d. Icftcr
Icftcrll fcehrh lh`hj
lh`hj pciahftu
pciahftu prcslmcf,
prcslmcf, icftcrl
icftcrl fcehrh
fcehrh tlmhbacr
tlmhbacrthf
thfeeu
eeufe
fe
 ghwha bcphmh mcwhf pcrwhbl`hf rhbyht.
e. Bcbuhs
Bcbuhshhf
hhf bcph`
bcph`hh fcehrh
fcehrh tlmhb
tlmhb tcra
tcrahth
hths.
s.
Mcfehf icfecthjul mhf icihjhil bnfstltusl-bnfstltusl yhfe hmh ihbh blth mhpht
icihjhil
icihjhil acftub-acft
acftub-acftub
ub mhf khrh-khrh bcjlmuphf acrahfesh mhf acrfcehrh
acrfcehrh sckhrh
 ahlb mhf acfhr eufh icwugumbhf tuguhf fhslnfh` ahfesh Lfmnfcslh.

AHA LLL
_CFS]S_
H. [lipu
lipu``hf
Ihbh mhrl ltu bnfscbucfsl `nels mhrl bcfyhthhf ahjwh thfph bnfstltusl fcehrh
tlmhb iufeblf tcracftub, ihbh bnfstltusl icfciphtl pnslsl yhfe shfeht bruslh` mh`hi
bcjlmuphf bcththfcehrhhf suhtu fcehrh. Fcehrh mhf bnfstltusl icruphbhf `ciaheh yhfe
tlmhb mhpht mlplshjbhf shtu mcfehf yhfe `hlf. Mh`hi mlscrthlfyh acrpcfmhpht tcfthfe
 pcftlfeffyh suhtu bnfstltusl hthu ufmhfe-ufmhfe mhshr hmh`hj scahehl pcehfehf mhf

 pciacrl ahths, scbh`leus tcfthfe ahehlihfh bcbuhshhf fcehrh jhrus mlgh`hfbhf.

8:
 

MHD]HQ _S[]HBH

Hssjlmmlqllc,Gli`y
Hssjlmmlqllc,Gli`y.1?8?
.1?8? .Bnfstltusl mhf Bnfstltuh`lsic Lfmnfcslh, Ghbhrth,[lfhr Erhdlbh.

Aumlhrgn,Ilrlhi, 1??:. Mhshr-Mhshr L`iu _n`ltlb, Ghbhrth, Erhicmlh _usthbh Sthih.

Dhtwh.H.I. 1??<. _ntrct Bnfstltusl _hskh Hihfmcicf

Hihfmcicf SSM 8<=3, Ghbhrth,Bniphs.

Ehuthi
Ehuthih,
h, [umhre
[umhren,
n, 1??:,
1??:, _cfecr
_cfecrtlh
tlhf
f tcfthf
tcfthfe
e Fcehrh
Fcehrh jubui,
jubui, mh`hi
mh`hi Iujthm
Iujthml,
l, _cfehw
_cfehwhsh
hshf
f Jhbli
Jhbli

Lfmnfcslh7 Sflvcrslths Hfmh`hs

Jhilml,Ghzli mbb, 1??:, ]cnrl mhf _n`ltlb Jubui ]hth Fcehrh, \neyhbhrth, ]nth` icmlh.

8<
 

[rl [ncihftrl, 8<:5, I., _rnscmur

_r nscmur mhf [lstci _cruahjhf Bnfstltusl, Ahfmufe, Kcthbhf bc 4 Jh` 38.

[uprhsihf,1??<. _cfmlmlbhf Bcwhrehfcehrhhf Acrahsls Bnipntcfsl,

Bnipntcfsl, _cbhf Ahru7 Sflvcrslths Qlhu.

1?