•TOPIC:

INTERNSHIP ON BUILDING
CONSTRUCTION
•SUBJECT:
INTERNSHIP (3180601)
•Prepare by:
❑MEVADA AKHIL C. (180610106027)
•FACULTY GUIDE:
❑PROF. Y. J. CHAUHAN.
➢ INTRODUCTION
➢ OBJECTIVES
➢ SUMMARY OF INTERNSHIP
➢ My project is based on construction of R.C.C. structures. This
internship bridge the gap between theory and practical
knowledge and provides to us practical, field based and real
world experiences during the years of studies.
➢ During my internship training period I learned how to relate
our theoretical knowledge with practical fields. What are the
difficulties faced by an engineer. How to manage difficulties
and what are the duties of engineer for these practical and
technical skills that all things learn for I joined in offline
internship programme under construction company whose
name “PRAMUKH MASTANA CORPORATION”.
➢ Address: SURVEY NO.-210, FINAL PLOT NO.- 144 TP-13,
NR. DEVANSHI HOSPITAL VAVOL,
GANDHINAGAR.
➢ The internship develops our skills to implement
theoretical knowledge into practical fields.
➢ To gain practical experience related to the
construction site.
➢ To understand planning, design, and drawing of
structure and their construction.
 Introduction to site:
• Name of construction project: Burj Mastana.
• Location of site: Vavol,Gandhinagar.
➢ Key highlight of site:
• Built up area= 3.0 lakhs sq. ft. (approx.)
• Community building.
• 9 Bungalows.
• G+7 floors of six towers (A to F).
• 20 Shops (Commercial space).
➢ I did on the first week:
• Visited the construction site and reporting to the project
manager.
• I was take brief overview and information of site and
which construction materials, equipments and techniques
are used at site that was understood.
➢ Augering is done by tractor mounted spiral auger up to depth of
6m to make borehole for cast in situ piles from ground level for
community building.
➢ Cast in situ piles which are cast in position inside the ground.

Augering.
➢ Soil and Foundation details:
• Soil type: Silty soil.
• Soil bearing capacity: 32 tonnes (approx.)
• Foundation: Deep (Pile) foundation.
• Type of pile: Under reamed pile (Uncased cast in situ)
with 2-bulbs each.
• Pile- P1:
✓ Shaft size: 300mm (dia.)
✓ Bulb size: 750mm (2.5 * shaft size)
✓ Load carrying capacity: 24 tonnes.

• Pile- P2:
✓ Shaft size: 450mm (dia.)
✓ Bulb size: 1125mm (2.5 * shaft size)
✓ Load carrying capacity: 50 tonnes.
 First I get information about procedure of construction
and installation of the under reamed pile from the site
supervisor. Also, about useful equipments for installations
of pile. Like…
1) Spiral auger: For Boring purpose.
2) Boarding guide: To keep borehole vertical.
3) Under reamer: Making bulbs in borehole.

Under reamer
➢ Arrangement of rebar's to make reinforcement cage for piles.

➢ Prepared reinforcement cages

inserted manually into borehole
by labours at community
building.
➢ Reinforcement details of piles:
A. Pile- P1:
• Types of rebar's: Fe-500 (TMT).
• Length of pile: 6m.
• Arrangement of longitudinal reinforcement:
✓ 3 nos.-12mm Ø
+ 3 nos.-10mm Ø.

• Spiral reinforcement: 8mm Ø – 150mm c/c (pitch).

• Stiffening ring: 8mm Ø – 1500mm c/c. and;
• Grade of concrete: M- 25 (1:1:2).
• C/C- distance between two bulbs: 1000mm.
• Concrete cover:
1) Top & side: 50mm.
2) Bottom of pile: 75mm.
B. Pile- P2:
• Types of rebar's: Fe-500 (TMT).
• Length of pile: 6m.
• Arrangement of longitudinal reinforcement:
✓ 3 nos.-16mm Ø
+ 5 nos.-12mm Ø.

• Spiral reinforcement: 8mm Ø – 150mm c/c (pitch).

• Stiffening ring: 8mm Ø – 1500mm c/c. and;
• Grade of concrete: M- 25 (1:1:2).
• C/C- distance between two bulbs: 1500mm.
• Concrete cover:
1) Top & side: 50mm.
2) Bottom of pile: 75mm.
 I visited to RMC plant whose name V- India RMC located
place at Adalaj, Gandhinagar; which supplies the desirable
quantity of concrete to the Burj Mastana project.
➢ Capacity of plant: 50 cum/hr.
➢ Preparation of type and grade of concrete:
✓ R.M.C. (M-25 Grade )
➢ Type of Mixing: Pan Mixing.
➢ Details of R.M.C. plant:
• The plant has 3-silos which having capacity of 100 tonnes of
each. Which used for storing and conveyance of materials.
• 3-silos in which 2- silos used for store cement and 1-silo. is for
fly ash.
• Other components of plants are…
✓ Water tank, Air compressor, Conveyor belt, pans, loader, Mixer and
Batcher.
➢ Quantity of materials required for preparing 1- batch:
(1- batch = 2469.5kg = 1 cum.)
• Cement (OPC): 300kg.
• Fly ash: 90kg.
• Sand (fine and coarse): 790kg.
• Aggregates:
✓ 20mm size= 640kg.
✓ 10mm size= 480kg.
• Water: 166 litres.
• Admixture: 3.50kg (Super Plasticizer- Conmix SP1030).
• Grade of concrete: M-25 grade.
• Rate: 4160 rs./cum.
➢ Prepared ready mix concrete
is transported to site by use
of transit mixer truck which
having capacity of 7 cum.

➢ Done concrete filling and

compacting into pile at site
and P.C.C. above pile of
100mm.

➢ Calculations of volume of
concrete for pile P1 and P2,
also quantity of materials
required for piles.
➢ Calculations:
A. Pile- P1: ▪ Quantity of materials required:
• Length, L= 6m. • Vp1= 0.557 cum. (Wet volume)
• No. of bulbs, N= 2.
Therefore;
• Bulb dia. D= 0.75m.
Dry volume= 1.10* Vp1
• Shaft dia. d= 0.30m.
= 1.10* 0.557
▪ Volume of concrete required for
pile P1; = 0.613 cum.
✓ Vp1= π/4{L*d^2+0.4N(D^2- d^2) Now; M-25 grade (1:1:2)= 4.
* (D-d)} ✓ Cement= ¼*0.613*1/0.035
=3.14/4{6*(0.3)^2+0.4* = 5 bags (approx.)
2(0.75^2- 0.3^2)*(0.75-0.3) ✓ Sand= ¼*0.613
Therefore; =0.154 cum.
Vp1= 0.557 cum. (approx.)
✓ Aggregates= 2/4*0.613
=0.3065 cum.
B. Pile- P2:
• Length, L= 6m.
• No. of bulbs, N= 2.
• Bulb dia. D= 1.125m.
• Shaft dia. d= 0.45m.
▪ Volume of concrete required
for pile P2;
✓ Vp2= π/4{L*d^2+0.4N(D^2- d^2)
* (D-d)}
=3.14/4{6*(0.45)^2+0.4*
2(1.125^2- 0.45^2)*
(1.125-0.45)
Therefore;
Vp2= 1.404 cum. (approx.)
▪ Quantity of materials required:
• Vp2= 1.404 cum. (Wet volume)
Therefore;
Dry volume= 1.10* Vp2
= 1.10* 1.404
= 1.550 cum.
Now; M-25 grade (1:1:2)= 4.
✓ Cement= ¼*1.550*1/0.035
= 11 bags (approx.)
✓ Sand= ¼*1.550
=0.3875 cum.
✓ Aggregates= 2/4*1.550
= 0.775 cum.
 Study of ground floor plan of Plot/Bungalows no. 1 to 7 (4 BHK).

➢ All plots ( 1 to 7) having same plan and construction procedure.

• Duplex- 1 = Plot-1 + Plot-2.
• Duplex- 2 = Plot-3 + Plot-4.
• Duplex- 3 = Plot-5 + Plot-6.
• Plot- 7 (single unit).
➢ Ground floor includes;
• Drawing room (5490mm*3385mm)
• Dining (3232mm*2510mm)
• Kitchen (2717mm*3315mm)
• Bed room (3050mm*320mm)
• Store room (950mm*1085mm)
• Attached toilet (1960mm*1165mm)

➢ Arrangement of reinforcement at plinth beam (Plot no. 5,6 & 8,9).

➢ Details of plinth beams; ➢ Details of pile cap;
• Size of beam= 230mm*450mm. • Size:
• Reinforcement arrangement: 1. Pile- P1: 650mm*650mm.
✓ Asc= 3 nos.-12 mm Ø. 2. Pile- P2: 750mm*750mm.
✓ Ast= 2 nos.-16mm Ø • Reinforcement arrangement:
+ 1 nos.- 12mm Ø. 1. Top: 6 nos.- 12mm Ø.
• Size of stirrups= 8mm Ø.
2. Bottom: 8 nos.-16mm Ø.
• Spacing of stirrups= 100 to 150
3. Stirrups: 8mm Ø-150mm c/c.
mm c/c.
(4-legged)
• Nominal cover= 25mm.
➢ Concreting done of
plinth beam and pile cap
(M-25 Grade):

➢ Soil backfilling, levelling

and compaction at
bungalow no. 5, 6 and 7.
➢ Done the P.C.C. work (M-15 Grade)
at plinth level above soil backfilling
with 20mm aggregates at bungalow
no. 5 & 6.
➢ Preparation of formwork for
columns at bungalow no. 3 & 4.
▪ Details of columns:
• Rebar's: Fe- 500(TMT)
• Length of column: 3.25 m
• Lap length: 50 D.
• Type of column: Slender column.
(L/b>12)
• Grade of concrete: M-25 Grade
• Clear cover: 40 mm.
➢ Reinforcement details of columns:
Column No. Column Arrangement Description
size(mm)
C1 ,C4 230mm*450mm 4 Nos. - 16mmØ.
+ 4 Nos. - 12mmØ.
(4-legged)

C2 ,C8 230mm*450mm 8 Nos. - 16mmØ.

(4-legged)

C3 230mm*230mm 4 Nos. - 16mmØ.

(2-legged)

C5 230mm*450mm 10 Nos. - 16mmØ.

(4-legged+ 1 link)

C6, C7, C9, C10, 230mm*350mm 6 Nos. - 16mmØ.

C11 (2-legged+ 1 link)
➢ Preparation of formwork for staircase at bungalow no.3 & 4.
▪ Details of staircase:

• Type of stair: Half turn with

single winder.

• Width of stair: 1 m.

• Length of stair: 3.25 m.

• Tread: 25 cm. (t= 12.5 cm)

• Riser: 15 cm. (t= 12.5 cm)

• Landing (step-10 & 11)= 1 m.

• Grade of concrete: M-25 Grade.

➢ Reinforcement details of stair:
Arrangement Description

10mm Ø – 100mm c/c.

8mm Ø – 100mm c/c.

(Both ways)

8mm Ø – 100mm c/c.

2 nos.- 8mm Ø
+ 4 nos.- 10mm Ø.
 Preparation of slab formwork at Plot no. 1 & 2.

➢ Calculations of slab formwork (Centering):

• Total slab area= 1500 sq. ft.
• Size of Mild steel plate= 3 ft.*2 ft.= 6 sq. ft.
• Depth of slab= 125mm.
 Now;
1) Total No. of Mild steel plates required for 1500 sq. ft. slab area;
= Slab area/Size of Mild steel plate.
= 1500/6
= 250 nos.
2) Total No. of spans required for 15oo sq. ft. area is;
= 250/4 = 62.5 (Depth of slab= 125 mm < 175 mm)
= 63 nos. (approx.)
3) Total No. of props required for 15oo sq. ft. area is;
= 63 nos.*2
= 126 Props.
➢ Study of beam and slab details:
• Beam:
Beam no. Size(mm) Description
B1 230*425 Asc= 2nos.- 12mmØ.
(fixed) Ast= 2nos.- 12mmØ.
B2(continuous) 230*950 Asc= 3nos.- 12mmØ.
BR2(cantilever) S.F.R.= 4nos.- 8mmØ.
Ast= 2nos.- 12mmØ.
B3 230*425 Asc= 3nos.- 16mmØ.
(continuous) Ast= 3nos.- 16mmØ.
B5 and B6 230*425 Asc= 2nos.- 12mmØ.
(continuous) Ast= 3nos.- 12mmØ.
B7 230*950 Asc= 3nos.- 12mmØ.
(fixed) S.F.R.= 4nos.- 8mmØ.
Ast= 2- 12Ø+ 1-16Ø.
B8 and B11 230*425 Asc= 2-12Ø+ 1-12Ø (at support)
(fixed) Ast= 3nos.- 12mmØ.
B9 and B12 230*425 Asc= 2-12Ø+ 1-16Ø (at support)
(fixed) Ast= 3nos.- 12mmØ.

SB1 230*125 Asc= 3nos.- 16mmØ.

(slab beam) Ast= 3nos.- 10mmØ’

BR4 115*425 Asc= 2nos.- 12mmØ.

(cantilever) Ast= 2nos.- 12mmØ.

BR10 230*425 Asc= 3nos.- 16mmØ.

(cantilever) Ast= 3nos.- 12mmØ.

BR12 230*425 Asc= 2nos.- 12mmØ.

(cantilever) Ast= 2- 12Ø+ 1-16Ø.
 For beam;
1) Size of stirrups: 8mmØ.
2) Clear cover: 25mm.
3) Spacing of stirrups: 100-150 mm c/c.
4) Development length= 0.25*length (at corner and support).
= 50D (at centre of span).

• SLAB:
1) All slabs are: Two way slab.
2) Slab area= 1500 sq. ft.
3) Thickness of slab: 125mm (cover= 25mm).
4) Reinforcement arrangement:
✓ Lx: 8mmØ- 150mm c/c (Alt. arranged)
✓ Ly: 10mmØ- 150mm c/c (Alt. arranged)
✓ Extra/ curtailment: 8mmØ- 300mm c/c and;
length of curtailment (0.3*length of slab).
➢ Done arrangement of
beam and slab on the
formwork with suitable
concrete cover block.
 Done concrete filling in ground floor slab of plot no. 1 & 2, with M- 25
grade concrete.

➢ Conveying concrete by pumps and pipelines on the slab, which is more

reliable method of concrete transportation and placing.
➢ Using needle vibrator while concrete is placed; having size of 35 mm
chuck, to vibrating concrete to remove air voids.
➢ Due to vibration the air voids removed from concrete and packing
aggregates together, that increases density and strength of concrete.
➢ As a result tightly packed particles give a stronger, more durable
concrete structure.
➢ Done concreting in plinth
beam and pile cap of plot
no. 8 & 9 with M- 25 grade
concrete.

➢ Done curing of freshly filled

slab of plot no. 1 & 2 also
plinth beam of plot no. 8 &
9.
➢ Preparation of column formwork
and concreting done at ground
floor of plot no. 5 & 6.

➢ In 6- towers (A to F), I saw that the masonry work is under

progress.
➢ Type of masonry: AAC (Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Blocks)
➢ Size of blocks: 600mm*200mm*100mm.
➢ Type of bond: Stretcher bond.
➢ Density of AAC blocks: 600 kg./ cum.
➢ Rate of AAC blocks: 5550 rs./ cum.
➢ Bonding material: Eco green block jointing mortar
(Chemical based)

➢ Rate of mortar bag: 450 rs./ bag.

(40 kg of bag)
➢ Benefits of chemical based block jointing mortar;
• No curing required.

• Prevents water percolations.

• Gives thin and strong bond to the masonry.

➢ Masonry work:
➢ Calculation of quantity of AAC blocks and Block jointing
mortar required for block wall works:

➢ Details of wall:
• Size of AAC wall = 4.2m*0.1m*1.2m. (Partition wall)
• Size of AAC block = 600mm*200mm*100mm.
= 0.6m*0.2m*0.1m.
• Bond thickness of mortar = 3mm = 0.003m.
➢ now;
1) Volume of block wall = L*B*H = 4.2*0.1*1.2
= 0.504 cum.
2) Volume of AAC block = l*b*h = 0.6*0.2*0.1
= 0.012 cum.
➢ Volume of the AAC block
with mortar bond thickness;
= 0.603*0.203*0.1
= 0.01225 cum.
➢ Now;

A. No. of AAC block required for 0.504 cum. Work;

= Volume of wall/ vol. of block with bond thickness.
= 0.504/0.01225
= 41.142 nos.
B. Total volume of block jointing mortar;
= Volume of block wall – vol. of total nos. of AAC blocks.
= {(0.504) – (41.142*0.012)}
= 0.0103 cum.
➢ No. of bags of block jointing mortar required;
= Area of wall (L*H)/ Area covered by 1 bag (avg. 8 sqm.)
= (4.2*1.2)/8
= 0.63 bag.
 Started preparation of column formwork at plot no. 7 and
first floor of plot no. 1 & 2.

➢ Study of details of column and beam for first floor of plot

no. 1 &2.
➢ Done concreting in the columns of plot no. 1, 2 and 7.
➢ Column details (First floor):
➢ Arrangement of reinforcement in columns:
➢ Task: Estimation the quantity of plywood boards for column wooden
formwork:
• Size of plywood = 8 feet*4 feet.
(18 mm thick)
• Length of column = 3.25m.
• Total shuttering area (A) = c1+(c2+c5+c8)+c3+c4+(c6+c7+c9+c10+c11)
=7.045+(13.260)+2.99+8.47+(18.850)
= 50.615 sq.m.
 Size of shuttering plywood (a);
= 8 feet*4 feet
= 2.44 m*1.22 m
= 2.98 sq.m.
Therefore;
• No. of shuttering board required;
= A/a = 50.615/2.98
= 17 nos. (approx.)
➢ Beam details:
➢ Size of stirrups: 8mmØ.
➢ Clear cover: 25mm.
➢ Spacing of stirrups: 125-200 mm c/c.
➢ Curtailment: 1400mm-1500mm at each side of support.
➢ Devlopment length (Ld): 0.25*L (at corner and support)
50D (at centre of span)
 And;
• And;
➢ De-shuttering of formwork
done at ground floor of
plot n0. 1 & 2.

➢ Done soil backfilling at plinth level of plot no. 8 & 9.

 Done preparation of the slab formwork for first floor of plot no. 1 & 2.

 Done arrangement of reinforcement at slab of first floor with

electrification points.
➢ Details of slab (first floor):
• All slabs are: Two way slab
• Thickness of slab = 125mm (cover = 20mm)
• Reinforcement arrangement:
▪ Along longer direction: 8mmØ – 150mm c/c. (bent up – alt. arranged)
▪ Along shorter direction: 10mmØ – 150mm c/c. (bent up – alt. arranged)
▪ Extra reinforcement at support: 8mmØ – 300mm c/c. (top portion)

➢ Formwork for slab is prepared and starts arrangement of

reinforcement at ground floor of plot no. 3 & 4.
➢ Concreting work is carried at first floor slab.
▪ Concrete is transferred by pipe and pumping method.

▪ 35 mm chuck size, needle vibrator is used.

➢ Masonry work of ground floor of plot no. 1 & 2 was carried out.
• Type of masonry: Brick masonry.
• Type of bond used: English bond (Alt. layers of headers & stretcher)
• Mortar ratio – 1:6.

➢ Quantity of bricks and mortar required for wall having size of

3.2m*3.25m*0.23m.
➢ Volume of wall = 3.2m*3.25*0.23m
= 2.392 cum. Of brickwork.
➢ Mortar ratio = 1:6.
 Now;
➢ For 1 cum. of brickwork = 500 nos. of bricks required;
so, 2.392 cum. Brickwork for;
= 2.392*500 = 1196 nos. Bricks required.
➢ For 1 cum. of brickwork = 0.33 cum (approx.) mortar required;
so, 2.392 cum. Brickwork for;
= 2.392*0.33 = 0.789 cum. Mortar required.
➢ Quantity of cement and sand;
• Mortar – 1:6 = 1+6 = 7.
1) Cement = 1/7*0.789/0.035 = 3.22 Bags.
2) Sand = 6/7*0.789 = 0.676 cum.
Required for 2.392 brickwork.