ESTIMATING AND COSTING

Lecture 4
Intent
To understand the different methods of
calculating the quantities of materials/items of
works for estimating the cost of building works.
 LONG WALL SHORT WALL
OR
INDIVIDUAL WALL METHOD
 LONG WALL SHORT WALL OR INDIVIDUAL WALL METHOD
 The walls running in one direction are termed as "long walls” and
the walls running in the transverse direction, as "Short walls",
without keeping in mind which wall is lesser in length and which
wall is greater in length.
 Lengths of long walls are measured or found "Out-to out" and
those of short walls as "In-to-in".
 Different quantities are calculated by multiplying the length by
the breadth and the height of the wall.
 The same rule applies to the excavation in foundation, to concrete
bed in foundation, D.P.C., masonry in foundation and super
structure etc.
• For symmetrical footing, the center line remains same for
super structure, foundation and plinth. So, the simple
method is to find out the center-to-center lengths of long
walls and short walls from the plan.
• Long wall length out-to-out
= Center to center length + half breadth on one Side + half
breadth on other side.
= Center to center length + one breadth

• Short wall length in-to-in = Center to Center length - one

breadth.
P Q
The walls running in one

direction are termed as

"long walls” and the walls

running in the transverse

A A’ direction, as "Short walls",

without keeping in mind

which wall is lesser in

S R length and which wall is

greater in length.

Plan
Estimate the quantities of the following items of a
1BHK flat from the given plan and section:
Earthwork in excavation
Lean conc. In foundation
Brick work in foundation
D.P.C.
Brick work in super structure
Length of excavation for long wall = C/C length + Breadth of excavation
Centre to Centre length
 1.Earthwork in excavation

Particular No Length Breadth Height Quantity Explanatory

of items or Notes
Depth

Long Walls 2 5.53m 1m .80m 8.848 cu L=4.3+.23+1=

m 5.53 m

Short Walls 2 5.145 1m .80m 8.232 cu L=

m m 3.1+.115+2.7+.2
3=6.145 - 1=
5.145 m

Total Quantity of Excavation =17.08 cu m

2.Lime Concrete or Lean Concrete
Lean Concrete is mixture of cement, fine aggregate and brick
ballast/stone ballast of ratio 1:8:16 respectively.
Particular of No Length Breadth Height Quantity Explanatory
items or Notes
Depth

Long Walls 2 5.53m 1m .20 m 2.212cu

m

Length same
Short Walls 2 5.145 1m .20 m 2.058 cu for
m m excavation.
Total Quantity of Lean Concrete =4.27 cu m
3.Brick Work(1st class) in 1:6 Cement Mortar in
foundation and plinth
For Long Walls
Particular No Length Breadth Height or Quantity Explanatory
of Items Depth Note
1st Step 2 5.335 m .805 m .150 m 1.288 cu L=4.3+.23+.8
m 05=5.335m
2nd Step 2 5.22 m .690 m .150 m 1.08 cu m L=4.3+.23+.6
9=5.22m

3rd Step 2 5.105 m .575 m .150 m .88 cu m L=4.3+.23+.5

75=5.105m
4th Step 2 4.99 m .460 m .150m .688 cu m L=4.3+.23+.4
60=4.99m

Plinth wall 2 4.875m .345 m .350 m 1.177cu m L=4.3+.23+.3

above 45=4.875m
Steps
 3.Brick Work(1st class) in 1:6 Cement Mortar in foundation and plinth
For Short Walls
Particular of No. Length Breadth Height/ Quantity Explanatory
Items Depth Notes

1st Step 2 5.34m .805 m .150 m .644 cu L=3.1+.115

m +2.7+.23-
.805=5.34
2nd Step 2 5.455 m .690m .150 m .564cu m

3rd Step 2 5.57 m .575 m .150 m .480cu m

4th Step 2 5.685 m .460m .150 m .392 cu
m
Plinth wall 2 5.8m .345m .350 m .700 cu L=
above Steps m 3.1+.115+2
.7+.23-
.345=5.8 m

Total Quantity of Brick work in foundation =7.893 cu m

 Damp proof course 4 cm thick

Particular No Length Breadth Height Quantity Explanatory

of Items or Notes
Depth
Long Wall 2 4.76 m .23 m - 2.196sq.
m
Short Wall 2 5.915 m .23m - 2.720sq.
m
At side of 2 10.44 m .350 3.654sq.
long wall m
At side of 2 11.83 m .350 4.140sq.
short wall m

Total Quantity of DPC= 12.71 sq. m.

First class brick work in super structure
Calculate the area of the walls of super structure
For Long walls
Total length of long wall X Height of the wall X No of walls =
4.76 X 3 X 2 =28.56 sq.m
For Short walls
Total length of short walls X Height of the wall X No of walls =
5.915 X 3 X 2=35.49 sq.m
Area of Partition walls
=(1.5 +2.7+1.5) X 3 =17.1 sq.m
Deductions from Long and Short walls

D1=0.90 X 2.1=1.89 sq.m

W1=1.8 X 1.2=2.16 sq.m
W2=1.2 X1.2=1.44 sq.m
W2=1.2 X1.2=1.44 sq.m
V1 =0.9 X 0.6 =.54 sq.m
Total Area=7.47 sq.m
Deductions from Partition walls

D2 =.79 X 2.1= 1.659 sq.m

 Total Area of Long and Short Walls =

Area of Long Walls + Short Walls = 28.56 sq.m + 35.49 sq.m

Deduction for Long and Short Walls = 7.47 sq.m
Total area of Brickwork=56.58 sq.m

Total Area of Partition walls = 17.1 sq.m

Deduction for door in partition wall=1.659 sq.m
Total area of Brickwork=15.441 sq.m

Total Quantity of Brick Work= 56.58 X .23 +15.441 X .115

=14.789 cu.m
Assignment
Calculate the quantity of D.P.C. for the partition walls for the plan
discussed above.

Estimate the quantities of the following items of any of your previous

design with Long wall Short wall method:
Earthwork in excavation
Lean conc. In foundation
Brick work in foundation
D.PC.
Brick work in super structure