ST. PETER’S COLLEGE OF MISAMIS ORIENTAL, INC.

15 de Septiembre St., Barangay 2, Balingasag, Misamis Oriental

SY 2021-2022
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
3RD QUARTER
LEARNING MODULE 10
SCIENCE 7

NAME: ___________________________ DATE: _________________

TEACHER: MS. JEDDAH B. JABINES GRADE & SECTION: ____________________

What’s In
About two centuries ago, people used animals like horses and donkeys to
transport people and goods. In 1860, the internal combustion engine was
developed by Nicolaus Otto that led the way to the invention of motor cars, trains,
ships, airplanes and jets which enabled people to travel faster. All of these
involved motion

What I Need to Know

After going through this module, you are expected to:

Describe the motion of an object in terms of distance or displacement, speed

or velocity, and acceleration (S7FE-IIIa-1)

What I Know
Direction: Read each question carefully and choose the letter of the best
answer. In your answer sheet, write the letter that corresponds to your answer.
1. It is a continuous change in position of an object with respect to a reference
point.
A. At rest B. Magnitude C. Motion D. Reference
2. When is an object considered to be in motion?

A. I only C. I, II and III

B. I and II only D. I, II, III and IV
3. Which of the following is true about an object that travels 5 meters to the left,
then 2 meters up, then another 5 meters to the right?
A. Displacement of the object is equal to 12 meters.
B. Displacement of the object is equal to 12 meters down.
C. Total distance travelled by the object is equal to 12 meters.
D. Total distance travelled by the object is equal to 12 meters down.
4. This refers to the speed of an object at a specific moment in time.
A. Average Speed C. Instantaneous Speed
B. Constant Speed D. Zero Speed
5. If a person runs 100 meters in 10 seconds, what is his average speed?
A. 2 m/s B. 5 m/s C. 10 m/s D. 20 m/s
6. A car traveling in a circle has changing velocity because it is_____.
A. not traveling at a constant speed
B. not traveling in a constant direction
C. traveling too slowly to measure its velocity
D. traveling in a constant direction at a constant speed
7. From home, Dong walked 300 m East to visit Inday. Both Dong and Inday
walked another 400 m North and 300 m West. Which of the following statements
is NOT TRUE?
A. Dong went home.
B. Dong travelled a total distance of 1,000 m.
C. Dong’s displacement is zero if they continue to travel 400 m South.
D. Dong’s displacement is shorter than the total distance he has travelled.
8. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. I and II B. II and III C. I and III D. I, II and III

9. This refers to the rate of change in velocity of an object.
A. Acceleration B. Motion C. Speed D. Velocity
10.Two boys walked a 200-meter distance path. It takes 5 minutes for Boy A to
finish while 10 minutes for Boy B. How do you compare their speed?
A. Boy B is faster than Boy A C. They have the same speed
B. Boy A is slower than Boy B D. Boy A is twice faster than Boy B
11.Which of the following statements is correct about an object moving in a
constant motion?

A. I, II, III B. I, II, IV C. I, III, IV D. II, III, IV

12.Which of the following is the unit of acceleration?
A. m/h B. m/mi C. m/s D. m/s2
13.Which of the following situations show that the object is accelerating?

A. I and II B. I and III C. I, II and III D. I, II, III and IV

14.The table shows the velocity of the car per unit time.
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The car is decelerating between 4-5 hours.
B. The car is accelerating between 1-2 hours.
C. The car returns to its original position after 5 hours.
D. The acceleration of the car from 2-3 hours and 3-4 hours are the same.
15.Refers to acceleration where a moving object slows down before it stops.
A. Average acceleration C. Deceleration
B. Constant acceleration D. Instantaneous acceleration

What’s New
Motion is the change in position with respect to the reference point. An
object is said to be moving when it has traveled a certain distance or displaced
from a point of reference. Describing the point of reference and its direction will be
learned by performing activity 2.

Activity 2: My Road Map

Directions: Below is a road map showing two routes from home to school.
Which route will you choose and why? Write your answer below the picture.
 What Is It
Motion is the change in position for a particular time interval. If a body has
changed its position, we can say that it has moved with respect to its original
position. Thus, the original position serves as the reference point.
An object may be moving with respect to another reference. For example,
when you are inside a bus, you are not moving with respect to the other
passengers, but you are moving with respect to the ground.
Motion can be described by measuring the total length of the path travelled
by the object, and by measuring the distance between the initial position and final
position of the object.

Example:
A car ran 100 meters from point A to point B, then 50 meters from point B to
point C, and another 100 meters from point C to point D.
See Figure 3.
To solve the total length of path travelled you can simply add the length of
path from points A to B, B to C and C to D.
Total length of path = length A to B + length B to C + length C to D.
= 100 meters + 50 meters + 100 meters
Total length of path = 250 meters
The length of the entire path that the object travelled is referred to as
distance. Based on the example above,
the total length of path is equal to 250 meters. This means that the distance
travelled by the car is equal to 250 meters.

Displacement is the shortest distance between the object’s initial and final
positions as shown in Figure 4.
To solve the displacement of the car, simply subtract the final position by
the initial position.
Displacement = Final position – Initial position
= 50 - 0
Displacement = 50 meters
Distance is a scalar quantity it has
magnitude but no direction while
displacement is a vector quantity that has both
magnitude and direction
 What’s More
Activity 3: My Travel

Directions: Trace the distance and displacement using the figure below and
answer the questions that follows on the space provided.

Situation:

You are told to buy some foods in the market. You walked 12 m East from
home, 12 m North, 6 m West, 6 m South, 6 m West, and finally, 8 m North to
reach the market.

Questions:

1. What is your total distance travelled?

2. Do you have a displacement?

3. What is your displacement?

4. How did you determine the distance and displacement?

In the previous lesson, distance and displacement were used to describe

motion of objects. This lesson gives you another way of describing motion of
objects in terms of speed and velocity.

Activity 1: True or False

Directions: Write T if the statement is TRUE and F if the statement is FALSE.

______1. Kilogram is a unit for distance

______2. The quantity 2 meters is a distance.

______3. The quantity 2 kilometers is a displacement.

______4. The quantity 2 meters to the left is a distance.

______5. The quantity 2 meters to the left is a displacement.

______6. Distance is the length of the entire path travelled by an object.

______7. Displacement includes both distance and direction of the object’s

position.

______8. The displacement is equal to zero when an object’s initial and final
position is the same.

______9. The shortest distance between the initial and final position of the object is
called displacement.

_____10.The total distance travelled of an object from its initial position to a

certain position and back to its initial position is zero

What Is It
Speed and Velocity
 Speed is the rate of distance covered at a given time.

We can express speed in terms of miles per hour (mi/h), kilometers

per hour (km/h), or meters per second (m/s)

Examples:

Therefore, John is as fast as Mary. Both have the same speed of 1 meter
per second (1 m/s).

When a direction is associated with speed, it refers to the quantity known

as velocity. Thus, velocity is a speed in a given direction.

Since velocity has direction it uses displacement instead of distance.

As shown in Figure 7a, the total distance from home to school is 3.0 km
while the displacement is 2.0 km, East as shown in Figure 7b.

Suppose you take 0.5 hour to travel from home to school, use the
information in Figure 7a and 7b to solve for your average speed and velocity.
 Average and Instantaneous Speed

Average speed is the total distance travelled divided by the total time
of travel. Instantaneous speed is the speed at an instant in time

A vehicle has a speedometer that tells you the

speed at that instant or at that moment in time. As the
vehicle travels along a busy street, you will notice that the
speedometer may read 30 km/h. It may change speed to 65
km/h as it passes an open free highway and zero when it
stops. During the entire trip, the vehicle travels at different
speed.
Fi
gure 8 Speedometer

Average and Instantaneous Velocity

When you ride a vehicle it is not only the speed that changes but also
its direction. A vehicle may travel North, West, East or South. Average velocity is
the total displacement (final position - initial position) travelled divided by the total
time of travel. Instantaneous velocity is the velocity of an object at an instant
time. Constant Motion

Constant motion refers to an object moving with constant speed or

constant velocity. To have a constant velocity, both speed and direction must be
the same.

Example: A car running at a speed of 50 km/h all throughout its

travel in a straight line.
 In this lesson, you will learn to describe the motion of an object in
which velocity changes in magnitude, direction, or both.

Activity 1: Speed or Velocity

Directions: Determine the following quantities whether it is speed or velocity.

Write your answers on the box.

Activity 2: Read Me!

Directions: The figure below shows the car’s speedometer reading with respect to
time. Get the speedometer’s reading of the car’s speed from 00:00 to 00:04 s.
Write your answers in as blank sheet of paper.

What Is It
Vehicles rarely move at constant speed but oftentimes they
changed speed. Consider the figure below

T
he figure shows the speedometer’s readings of a car at 1 second interval within 4
seconds. At time 00:00, the car is at rest. The car started to move at 00:01s with a
speed of 5 km/h until at 00:04s the car’s speed is 50 km/h.

The changing motion of an object is called acceleration. Acceleration is

defined as the rate of change in velocity. The formula is,
 Change in velocity is the difference between the final velocity (vf) and the
initial velocity (vi). Change in time is the difference between the final time (tf) and
the initial time (ti).

Average acceleration refers to the total change in velocity divided by the

total time taken for the change. Since the unit of velocity is meter per second
(m/s), acceleration is expressed in meter per second per second (m/s/s).
Oftentimes, the unit of acceleration is written as m/s2 .

Based on Figure 10, the car’s average acceleration is

Motion with constant acceleration is not common in everyday life. Like

a passenger vehicle that moves along a highway, it can move at a constant
velocity, changing velocity, or stop as it loads and unloads passengers.

When a moving body decreases its velocity, it is said to decelerate.

This negative acceleration is called deceleration. Deceleration is the opposite of
acceleration where the velocity of an object decreases.

Example:
 A passenger vehicle with a speed of 20 m/s slowed down to 10 m/s in
10 seconds. What is its acceleration?

What I Have Learned

Directions: Complete the paragraphs below by filling in the blanks using the
correct word/s from the box.

Motion is
a change in (1) __________ with respect to a reference point. Distance and
displacement, speed and velocity, and acceleration are ways to describe motion.
Distance is a (2) ________ quantity having magnitude but no direction while (3)
__________ is a vector quantity having both magnitude and direction.
(4) __________ speed refers to the total distance travelled divided by
the total time and (5) __________ is displacement divided by total time of travel. A
(6)__________ measures instantaneous speed/velocity. (7)________ motion refers to
an object moving with constant speed or constant velocity.
(8) __________ is defined as the change in velocity in a time interval.
Acceleration may change in any of the following conditions: when the velocity
changes, when the (9)__________ of motion changes, or when both velocity and
direction of motion changes. (10) __________ is the opposite of acceleration where
the velocity of an object decreases
Assessment

Directions: Read each question carefully and choose the letter of the best answer.
In your answer sheet, write the letter that corresponds to your answer.
1. It is a continuous change in position of an object with respect to a reference
point.
A. At rest B. Magnitude C. Motion D. Reference
2. When is an object considered to be in motion?
I. When its position changes with respect to a point of reference.
II. When its distance changes with respect to a point of reference.
III. When its direction changes with respect to a point of reference.
IV. When its speed changes with respect to a point of reference.
A. I only B. I and II only C. I, II and III D. I, II, III and IV
3. Which of the following is true about an object that travels 5 meters to the left,
then 2 meters up, then another 5 meters to the right?
A. Displacement of the object is equal to 12 meters.
B. Displacement of the object is equal to 12 meters down.
C. Total distance travelled by the object is equal to 12 meters.
D. Total distance travelled by the object is equal to 12 meters down.
4. This refers to the speed of an object at a specific moment in time.
A. Average Speed C. Instantaneous Speed
B. Constant Speed D. Zero Speed
5. If a person runs 100 meters in 10 seconds, what is his average speed?
A. 2 m/s B. 5 m/s C. 10 m/s D. 20 m/s 21

6. A car traveling in a circle has changing velocity because it is_____.

A. not traveling at a constant speed
B. not traveling in a constant direction
C. traveling too slowly to measure its velocity
D. traveling in a constant direction at a constant speed
7. From home, Dong walked 300 m East to visit Inday. Both Dong and Inday
walked another 400 m North and 300 m West. Which of the following statements
is NOT TRUE?
A. Dong went home.
B. Dong travelled a total distance of 1,000 m.
C. Dong’s displacement is zero if they continue to travel 400 m South.
D. Dong’s displacement is shorter than the total distance he has travelled.
8. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
I. The distance travelled by an object can be equaled to its displacement.
II. The displacement of a moving object can be greater than its distance travelled.
III. The displacement of a moving object is lesser than its distance travelled.
A. I and II B. II and III C. I and III D. I, II and III
9. This refers to the rate of change in velocity of an object.
A. Acceleration B. Motion C. Speed D. Velocity
10.Two boys walked a 200-meter distance path. It takes 5 minutes for Boy A to
finish while 10 minutes for Boy B. How do you compare their speed?
A. Boy B is faster than Boy A C. They have the same speed
 B. Boy A is slower than Boy B D. Boy A is twice faster than Boy B
11.Which of the following statements is correct about an object moving in a
constant motion?
A. I, II, III B. I, II, IV C. I, III, IV D. II, III, IV
12.Which of the following is the unit of acceleration?
A. m/h B. m/mi C. m/s D. m/s2
13.Which of the following situations show that the object is accelerating?
A. I and II B. I and III C. I, II and III D. I, II, III and IV
14.The table shows the velocity of the car per unit time. Which of the following
statements is TRUE?
A. The car is decelerating between 4-5 hours.
B. The car is accelerating between 1-2 hours.
C. The car returns to its original position after 5 hours.
D. The acceleration of the car from 2-3 hours and 3-4 hours are the same.
15.Refers to acceleration where a moving object slows down before it stops.
A. Average acceleration C. Deceleration
B. Constant acceleration D. Instantaneous acceleration