Lesson 8: Polygons

A polygon is a closed plane figure with segments as its sides

Kinds of Polygons

Triangle

● A triangle is a polygon with the least number of sides. It has three sides and
three angles.
● Triangles are classified according to their sides and angles.

Triangles according to Sides

a. Scalene triangle. It is a triangle with different lengths of sides.

b. Isosceles triangle. It is a triangle with two sides having the same length.
 c. Equilateral triangle. It is a triangle with equal sides.

2. Triangles according to Angles

a. Right triangle. It is a triangle with a right angle. A right angle measures

b. Acute triangle. It is a triangle with three acute angles. An acute angle

measures less than 90°
c.Obtuse triangle. It is a triangle with one obtuse angle. An obtuse
measures more than 90 but less than 180°.

B. Quadrilateral

A quadrilateral is a polygon with four sides and four angles.

Quadrilaterals are classified into three: trapezium, trapezoid, and parallelogram.
1. Trapezium. It is a quadrilateral with no parallel sides.

2. Trapezoid. It is a quadrilateral with one pair of parallel sides.

3. Parallelogram. It is a quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides.

Kinds of Parallelograms

a. Square.
A square is a parallelogram with four equal sides
and four right angles.

b. Rectangle.
A rectangle is a parallelogram with two long
sides, two short sides, and four right angles.

c. Rhombus.
A rhombus is a parallelogram with four equal
sides, two opposite acute angles, and two opposite obtuse angles.
 d. Rhomboid.
A rhomboid is a parallelogram with two long sides
and two short sides. It has also two opposite acute angles and
two opposite obtuse angles.

C. Pentagon

A pentagon is a polygon with five sides and five angles.

D. Hexagon
A hexagon is a polygon with six sides and six angles.

E. Heptagon

A heptagon is a polygon with seven sides and seven angles.

F. Octagon

An octagon is a polygon with eight sides and eight angles.

G. Nonagon

A nonagon is a polygon with nine sides and nine angles.

H. Decagon

A decagon is a polygon with 10 sides and 10 angles.

Regular and Irregular Polygons

A polygon with all its sides measuring the same length is called a regular polygon

An irregular polygon is a polygon with different lengths of sides.

A concave polygon is a polygon with a reflex angle. A reflex angle in an angle the
measures more than 180 but less than 360°
If a line is drawn in a concave polygon, the line passes through more than two points.

A convex polygon is a polygon that has no reflex angle.

Congruent polygons are polygons with the same length of sides and same
measurement
of angles. Congruent means "the same" and has a symbol of ≅.

THE TRIANGLE ABC IS CONGRUENT TO PQR,