2

第 0 章 銜接課文

即時訓練 1 (第 0.3 頁) 即時訓練 3 (第 0.6 頁)

5 3
(a) log 3 100 = log 3 10 2
(a) ( 4 y )5 ( y 3 ) = y4 ⋅ y2
2
5 3
+ = log 10 3
= y4 2
2
11 = log 10
= y4 3
2
=
3
y2 + y2 3
y2 y2 3
(b) = +
y y y y y y 4 × 20
(b) log2 4 − log2 5 + log2 20 = log 2
2 5
y3 y2 = log2 16
= 1
+ 1
y⋅ y2 y⋅ y2 = log2 24
2 = 4 log2 2
y3 y2
= 3
+ 3
=4
y2 y2 log 8 log 25
(c) (log5 8)(log8 25) = ×
2 3 3 log 5 log 8
− 2−
= y3 2 +y 2
log 5 2
5 1 =
− log 5
= y 6 + y2
2 log 5
1 =
1 log 5
= 5
+ y2
y6 =2

即時訓練 4 (第 0.7 頁)
即時訓練 2 (第 0.3 頁)
1
4n + 1 − 22 n − 1 22( n + 1) − 22 n − 1 log (2 x) 3 + log 2 x 3 log (2 x) + log (2 x) 2
= =
22 n + 22 n − 1 22 n + 22 n − 1 1 ⎛ ⎞
log 2 − log ⎜ ⎟
2 2 n + 2 − 22 n − 1 x 2
log ⎜ ⎟
=
22 n + 22 n − 1 ⎜1⎟
⎜ ⎟
23 ⋅ 2 2 n − 1 − 2 2 n − 1 ⎝x⎠
=
2 ⋅ 2 2 n − 1 + 22 n − 1 1
3 log (2 x) + log (2 x)
2
2 2 n − 1 (2 3 − 1) =
= log (2 x)
2 2 n − 1 (2 + 1)
7
7 log (2 x)
=
3 =2
log (2 x)
7
=
2

© 牛津大學出版社 2014
 第 0 章：銜接課文 3

即時訓練 5 (第 0.9 頁) 課堂練習 0.1 (第 0.4 頁)

(a) 5! = 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 3
3
a a2
= 120 1. (a) = 1
4
a
(b) 6! − 2! = 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 − 2 × 1 a4
3 1
−
= 720 − 2 =a2 4

= 718 5

6! 6 × 5! = a4
(c) = 3
5! 5!
x( x )3 x⋅ x2
=6 (b) 1
= 2
(x2 ) 3 x3
即時訓練 6 (第 0.9 頁) 3 2
1+ −
=x 2 3
10! 10 × 9 × 8!
= 11
3! 8! 3 × 2 × 1× 8! =x6
= 15
x x − 4 x3 x x 4 x3
(c) = 2 − 2
x2 x x
即時訓練 7 (第 0.11 頁) 1 3
x⋅ x2 x4
5
= 2 − 2
∑ (−1)
k =1
k +1
(k − 1) x x
1 3
1+ −2 −2
= (−1) 1+1
(1 − 1) + (−1) 2+1
(2 − 1) + (−1) (3 − 1) +
3+1 =x 2 − x4
1 5
(−1)4 + 1(4 − 1) + (−1)5 + 1(5 − 1) − −
=x 2 −x 4
=0−1+2−3+4 1 1
= 1 − 5
=2
x2 x4

即時訓練 8 (第 0.12 頁)
5 2 n − 25 n + 1 5 2 n − 5 2( n + 1)
5 5 5 2. (a) =
(a) ∑ (2k − 1) = ∑ 2k −∑1
k =1 k =1 k =1
25 n − 5 2 n − 1 52n − 52n − 1
5 2 n − 5 2 ⋅ 52 n
=
5
5 ⋅ 52 n − 1 − 52 n − 1
=2 ∑
k =1
k−1×5
5 2 n (1 − 5 2 )
=
5 2 n − 1 (5 − 1)
= 2(1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5) − 5
5(−24)
= 25 =
6 6 6
4
⎛k ⎞
∑ ∑ ∑
k = −30
(b) ⎜ + 3⎟ = + 3
k = 2⎝ ⎠ k =2 4 k =2
4
7 4 − n ⋅ 7 3n − 5 7 4 − n + ( 3n − 5 )
6 (b) =
∑ 72n
1 n
= k+3×5 49
4 k =2 72n − 1
=
1 72n
= (2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6) + 15
4 = 72n − 1 − 2n
= 20 = 7−1
1
=
7

© 牛津大學出版社 2014
4 題解

課堂練習 0.2 (第 0.7 頁) 課堂練習 0.3 (第 0.10 頁)

1. (a) log3 81 = log3 3 4 7! 7 × 6 × 5!
1. =
5! 5!
= 4 log3 3
= 42
=4
(b) log0.5 8 = log 1 23
2 2. 6! − 5! = 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 − 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1
−3
⎛1⎞ = 720 − 120
= log 1 ⎜ ⎟
2⎝ ⎠
2 = 600
1
= − 3 log 1
2
2 3. 2! × 4! = 2 × 1 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1
= −3 = 48

2. (a) log 25 + log 4 = log (25 × 4) 9! 9 × 8 × 7 × 6!

4. =
3! 6! 3 × 2 × 1× 6!
= log 100
= 84
= log 102
= 2 log 10
課堂練習 0.4 (第 0.12 頁)
=2
4

(b) log4 40 − log4 10 = log 4

40
10
1. ∑k
k =1
2
= 12 + 2 2 + 3 2 + 4 2

= log4 4 = 30
=1
(c) log 25 + log 16 − 2 log 2 6 6 6

= log 25 + log 16 − log 22

2. ∑
k =1
( k + 7) = ∑ ∑7
k =1
k+
k =1
25 × 16 = (1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6) + 7 × 6
= log
22
= 63
= log 100
= log 102 6 6 6
= 2 log 10 3. ∑
k =4
( 2k − k 2 ) = ∑
k =4
2k − ∑k
k =4
2

=2
6 6
=2 ∑ ∑k
k =4
k−
k =4
2

5 log ( x − 3) − log ( x − 3) 2
3. = 2(4 + 5 + 6) − (42 + 52 + 62)
log x − 3
5 log ( x − 3) − 2 log ( x − 3) = −47
= 1
log ( x − 3) 2
習題 I (第 0.4 頁)
3 log ( x − 3)
= 1. (a) 2 32 = 2 25
1
log ( x − 3) 1 5
2
= 22 ⋅22
=6 1 5
+
= 22 2

= 23
=8

© 牛津大學出版社 2014
 第 0 章：銜接課文 5

1 4
4 ⎛ 1 ⎞
3
8 ⎡⎛ 2 ⎞3 ⎤ 3 ⎛ y ⎞ ⎜ y2 ⎟
(b) = ⎢⎜ ⎟ ⎥ (b) ⎜⎜ ⎟ =⎜ ⎟
27 ⎣⎢⎝ 3 ⎠ ⎦⎥ ⎜ 3 y 2 ⎟⎟ ⎜ 2 ⎟
⎝ ⎠ ⎜ y3 ⎟
1 ⎝ ⎠
3×
⎛2⎞ 3 1
−
2
=⎜ ⎟ 3 )4
⎝3⎠ = (y2
1
2 −
= = (y 6 )4
3
1
− ×4
=y 6
8 6
2
−
2. (a) ( 4 x8 )(3 x 6 ) = x 4 ⋅ x 3 =y 3
= x2 ⋅ x2 1
= 2
= x2 + 2
y3
= x4
1
(b) (3 p )( p ) = p 3 ⋅ p
2
2 x 2 − 5 x3 2x2 5 x3
1
5. (a) 3
= 3
− 3
+1 x x x
= p3 3
4
2x2 5x 2
= p3 = 1
− 1
x3 x3
1 3 1
2− −
3
1 1
= 2x 3 − 5x 2 3
3. (a) x = (x 2 ) 3 5 7
1 1
× = 2 x 3 − 5x 6
= x2 3
1⎛ 3⎞
1 ⎛ 1 3⎞ ⎜ 1 ⎟
= x6 (b) 3
x ⎜⎜ + x ⎟⎟ = x ⎜ 1 + x 2 ⎟
3
⎝ x ⎠
4
⎜ 4 ⎟
1 1 ⎝x ⎠
(b) 4
a a = (a ⋅ a 2 ) 4 1
1 3
1 1 x3
1+ = 1
+ x3 ⋅ x2
= (a 2 ) 4
3 1 x4
1 1 1 3
= (a 2 ) 4 − +
= x3 4 + x3 2
3 1
× 1 11
=a2 4
= x 12 + x 6
3
=a 8

6. 2n + 2n = 2 ⋅ 2n
(2 x) 2 22 x 2 = 2n + 1
4. (a) = 3
( x )3
x2
3 7. 4 ⋅ 52n − 2 + 25n − 1 = 4 ⋅ 52n − 2 + 52(n − 1)
2−
= 4 ⋅ 52n − 2 + 52n − 2
= 4x 2

1
= 4x 2 = 52n − 2(4 + 1)
= 52n − 2 ⋅ 5
= 52n − 2 + 1
= 52n − 1

© 牛津大學出版社 2014
6 題解

2 3 3 1
− 2
⎛ ⎞ 3
⎛ 125
−
⎞ 3 (4 x 2 − x )(4 x + 1) (4 x 2 − x 2 )(4 x + 1)
⎜ 125 x 2 y −3 ⎟
1
2−
=⎜ x 2 y −3 ⎟
10. =
8. ⎜ ⎟ 3 1
⎜
1
⎟ ⎜ 64 ⎟ x
⎝ 64 x 2 ⎠ ⎝ ⎠ x3
3 3 1 1
2
⎡⎛ 5 ⎞ 3 3 ⎤
−
3
16 x 2 ⋅ x + 4 x 2 − 4 x 2 ⋅ x − x 2
=
= ⎢⎜ ⎟ x2 y −3 ⎥ 1
⎢⎣⎝ 4 ⎠ ⎥⎦ x3
3 3 1 1
−2 +1 +1
⎛5⎞ 16 x 2 + 4x 2 − 4x 2 − x2
= ⎜ ⎟ x −1 y 2 =
⎝4⎠ 1
x3
y2
= 2
5 3 3 1
⎛5⎞ 16 x 2 + 4 x 2 − 4 x 2 − x 2
⎜ ⎟ x =
⎝4⎠ 1
x3
16 y 2
= 5 1
25 x 16 x 2 x2
= 1
− 1

1 x3 x3
3 1 ⎛ 1 ⎞3 5
−
1 1
−
1
a 2 b −2 ⎜ a 2 b −2 ⎟ = 16 x 2 3 − x2 3
9. =⎜ ⎟
⎜⎜ −2 2 ⎟⎟
1 1 13 1
a − 2b 2 ⎝a b ⎠ = 16 x 6 − x 6
1 1 1
− ( −2 ) − 2 −
= [a 2 b 2 ]3
27 n + 1 33( n + 1)
5
−
5 1 11. 3n − 1
=
= (a 2 b 2 )3 (3 ) − 3
n 3
3 3n
− 33 n − 1
5
−
5 33 ⋅ 33n
= a6 b 6 =
3 ⋅ 33n − 1 − 33n − 1
5
a6 33n ⋅ 33
= =
5 33n − 1 (3 − 1)
b6 3 ⋅ 33
=
2
81
=
2

33n + 1 ⋅ 31 − n 33n + 1 + (1 − n )
12. =
9n 32 n
32n + 2
=
32n
= 32n + 2 − 2n
= 32
=9

© 牛津大學出版社 2014
 第 0 章：銜接課文 7

1
習題 II (第 0.8 頁)
log x log x 2
4. =
1. (a) log 3 27 = log 3 33 3 log x 3 log x
3
1
= log 3 3 2 log x
=2
3 3 log x
= log 3 3
2 1
3 =
= 6
2
(b) −log0.2 5 = log 1 5 −1
5
5. 3 log (x + 1) − log (x + 1)2
1 = 3 log (x + 1) − 2 log (x + 1)
= log 1
5
5 = log (x + 1)
=1
⎛ x2 ⎞ ⎛ 2⎞
6. log 4 ⎜⎜ ⎟ = log 4 ⎜ x ⎟
20 × 25 ⎟ ⎜ x2 ⎟
2. (a) log 20 − log 5 + log 25 = log ⎝ x⋅ x ⎠ ⎝ ⎠
5
= log4 1
= log 100
=0
= log 102
= 2 log 10
2 2
7. log5 x − = log5 x −
=2 log x 5 log 5 5
(b) log4 8 + log4 32 = log4 (8 × 32) log 5 x
= log4 256 = log5 x − 2 log5 x
= log4 4 4 = − log5 x

= 4 log4 4
=4 8. (a) log3 180
= log3 (22 ⋅ 5 ⋅ 32)
3. (a) log6 (64 × 36) = log6 (64 × 62) = log3 22 + log3 5 + log3 32
= log6 64 + 2 = 2 log3 2 + log3 5 + 2 log3 3
= log6 66 = 2a + b + 2
= 6 log6 6 15
(b) log3 0.937 5 = log 3
16
=6 5× 3
log 8 log 3 = log 3 4
(b) (log3 8)(log2 3) = × 2
log 3 log 2 = −log3 24 + log3 5 + log3 3
log 23 = −4 log3 2 + log3 5 + 1
=
log 2
= −4a + b + 1
3 log 2
=
log 2
1
=3 9. log (t2 − 1) − log t − 1
2
1
1
= log [(t + 1)(t − 1)] − log (t − 1) 2
2
1 1 1
= log (t + 1) + log (t − 1) − log (t − 1)
2 2 2
1
= log (t + 1)
2

© 牛津大學出版社 2014
8 題解

log x 6 − 4 log x + 2 log y 5. (a)

10! 10× 9!
=
10. 9! 9!
log x + log y
1
= 10
6 log x − 4 log x 2 + 2 log y 8! 8 × 7 × 6!
= (b) =
1 6! 6!
log x + log y 2 = 56
⎛1 ⎞
6 log x − 4 ⎜ log x ⎟ + 2 log y
= ⎝ 2 ⎠ 4! 4 × 3 × 2 ×1
1 6. (a) =
log x + log y 3! − 2! 3 × 2 × 1 − 2 × 1
2
24
2(6 log x − 2 log x + 2 log y ) =
= 4
2 log x + log y
=6
2(4 log x + 2 log y )
= 9! 9 × 8 × 7!
2 log x + log y (b) =
2 × 7! 2 × 7!
4(2 log x + log y ) = 36
=
2 log x + log y
=4
7! 7 × 6 × 5!
7. (a) =
2! 5! 2 × 1× 5!
習題 III (第 0.10 頁) = 21
1. (a) 4! = 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 12! 12 × 11× 10 × 9 × 8!
(b) =
= 24 4! 8! 4 × 3 × 2 × 1× 8!
= 495
(b) 8! = 8 × 7 × 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1
= 40 320
24! 24 × 23 × 22!
8. (a) =
24 × 22! 24 × 22!
2. (a) 0! + 2! = 1 + 2 × 1 = 23
=3 14 × 16! 14 × (16 × 15 × 14!)
(b) =
(b) 4! + 1! = 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 + 1 16 × 14! 16 × 14!
= 24 + 1 = 210
= 25
n! n! n! n × (n − 1)!
9. − = −
n(n − 1)! (n − 1)! n! (n − 1)!
3. (a) 5! − 3! = 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 − 3 × 2 × 1
=1−n
= 120 − 6
= 114
7 × 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 ×1
(b) 7! − 6! = 7 × 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 − 10. 4 × 5 × 6 × 7 =
3 × 2 ×1
6×5×4×3×2×1 7!
=
= 5 040 − 720 3!
= 4 320
習題 IV (第 0.13 頁)
5
4. (a) 2! × 3! = 2 × 1 × 3 × 2 × 1
= 12
1. ∑3
k =1
k
= 31 + 32 + 33 + 3 4 + 35

(b) 5! × 1! = 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 × 1 = 363
= 120

© 牛津大學出版社 2014
 第 0 章：銜接課文 9

6 5

∑ ∑ (6 + 2k − 3k
k 1 2 3 4 5 6
2. = + + + + + 8. 2
)
k =1
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 k =1
5 5 5

∑ ∑ ∑ 3k
=7
= 6+ 2k − 2

k =1 k =1 k =1
5 5 5
⎛ k⎞ 5 5
∑ ⎜⎝1 − 2 ⎟⎠ = ∑1 − ∑ 2 ∑ ∑k
k
3. = 6 × 5 +2 k −3 2

k =1 k =1 k =1 k =1 k =1

= 30 + 2(1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5) − 3(12 + 22 + 32 + 42 + 52)

5

∑
1
=1×5− k
2 k =1 = 30 + 2(15) − 3(55)
1
= 5 − (1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5) = −105
2
5
=− 4 4 4
2 9. ∑ 4k − ∑ (2k + 3) = ∑[4k − (2k + 3)]
k =1 k =1 k =1
4

∑ (2k − 3)
4 4 4
4. ∑ (3k + 5) = ∑ 3k + ∑ 5
k =1 k =1 k =1
=
k =1
4 4

∑ ∑3
4
=3 ∑k + 5 × 4
k =1
=
k =1
2k −
k =1
4

∑k − 3 × 4
= 3(1 + 2 + 3 + 4) + 20
=2
= 50 k =1

= 2(1 + 2 + 3 + 4) − 12
5 5 5 =8
5. ∑ ( 4 k − 7 ) = ∑ 4k − ∑ 7
k =1 k =1 k =1
5 5

∑ ∑ (k
5

∑k − 7 × 5 (2k + 1) + − 6k + 1)
2
=4 10.
k =1 k =2 k =2
5
= 4(1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5) − 35
= 25
= ∑[(2k + 1) + (k
k =2
2
− 6k + 1)]

6
= ∑ (k 2
− 4 k + 2)

∑ (−1) k k =2
6. k
5 5 5
k =1

= (−1)1(1) + (−1)2(2) + (−1)3(3) + (−1)4(4) +

= ∑ k − ∑ 4k + ∑ 2
k =2
2

k =2 k =2
5 6 5 5

∑k ∑k + 2 × 4
(−1) (5) + (−1) (6)
= 2
−4
= −1 + 2 − 3 + 4 − 5 + 6 k =2 k =2

=3 = (22 + 32 + 42 + 52) − 4(2 + 3 + 4 + 5) + 8

= 54 − 4(14) + 8
4

∑ (−1) (2k + 1)
k =6
7.
k =1

= (−1)1[2(1) + 1] + (−1)2[2(2) + 1] + (−1)3[2(3) + 1] + 11. 2 3 + 33 + 43 + … + 83

(−1)4[2(4) + 1] = (1 + 1)3 + (2 + 1)3 + (3 + 1)3 + … + (7 + 1)3
= −3 + 5 − 7 + 9 7

=4
= ∑ (r + 1)
r =1
3

© 牛津大學出版社 2014
10 題解

12. −2 + 4 − 8 + 16 = (−2)1 + (−2)2 + (−2)3 + (−2)4

4
= ∑ (−2)
r =1
r

10 10 10
13. ∑
k =1
(2 X k − Yk ) = ∑
k =1
2X k − ∑Y
k =1
k

10 10
=2 ∑ X − ∑Y
k =1
k
k =1
k

= 2(8) − 12
=4

n
14. (a) ∑ (2k + 1)(k − 3)
k =1
n
= ∑ ( 2k
k =1
2
− 5k − 3)

n n n
= ∑ 2 k − ∑ 5k − ∑ 3
k =1
2

k =1 k =1
n n
=2 ∑k
k =1
2
−5∑k − 3 × n
k =1

⎡ n(n + 1)(2n + 1) ⎤ ⎡ n(n + 1) ⎤

= 2⎢ ⎥ − 5⎢ 2 ⎥ − 3n
⎣ 6 ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
n(n + 1)(2n + 1) 5n(n + 1)
= − − 3n
3 2
2n 3 + 3n 2 + n 5n 2 + 5n
= − − 3n
3 2
2(2n3 + 3n 2 + n) − 3(5n 2 + 5n) − 6(3n)
=
6
4n 3 + 6n 2 + 2n − 15n 2 − 15n − 18n
=
6
4n − 9n − 31n
3 2
=
6
25
(b) ∑ (2k + 1)(k − 3)
k = 10
25 9
= ∑ (2k + 1)(k − 3) − ∑ (2k + 1)(k − 3)
k =1 k =1

4(25) 3 − 9(25) 2 − 31(25) 4(9) 3 − 9(9) 2 − 31(9)

= −
6 6
= 9 350 − 318
= 9 032

© 牛津大學出版社 2014