THE STUDY OF PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION

SYSTEM IN DISTRICT KANGRA OF HIMACHAL

PARDESH
A PROJECT REPORT
SUBMITTED TO THE HIMACHAL PARDESH UNIVERSITY ,
SHIMLA

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQIREMENT FOR THE

DEGREE OF BECHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

2019 – 2022

Supervised BY : SUBMITTED BY :

S. Balwit Singh Munish

Assistant Professor
BBA 6th Sem.

DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES

(BBA)
GOVT. COLLEGE DHALIARA

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Munish , student of Department
Of Management BBA 6TH Sem. at Govt. College
Dhaliara has completed his project on the topic of “
The study of the Public Distribution System in district
Kangra “ under the supervision guidance of S. Balwit
Singh Assistant Professor of Department of
Management Studies (BBA) Govt. College Dhaliara .
To best of my knowledge the report is original and
has not been copied or submitted anywhere else . It
is an idependent work done by his .

Date :

Place: signature the supervisor

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
A project is a golden opportunity for learning and self-
development. I consider myself very lucky and honor to
have so many wonderful people lead me through in
completion of this project

My greatful thanks to S. BALWIT SINGH whose patience I

have probably tested to the limit. He was always involved
in the entires process, shared his knowledge, and
encouraged me to think . Thank you.

Last but not the least there were so many who shared
valuable information that helped in the successful
completion of this project thanks to all those .

DECLARATION
I.Mr. Munish Student of Department of Management
Studies Govt. College Dhaliara , hereby declare that I
have completed the project titled “ The Study Of
Public Distribution System in District Kangra “ during
the academic year 2021 – 22.

INDEX
SR. NO Chapter Page No

1 INTRODUCTION

2 RESEARCH DESIGN

3 ANALYSIS AND
INTERPRETATION

4 Conclusion

BIBLIOGRAPHY
ANNXURY

CHAPTER: 1
 INTRODUCTION

The Study of Public Distribution System among Corporate Society in

District Kangra of Himachal Pradesh.

Everyone in District: Himachal Pradesh is coveted by the public distribution

systems, even the Chief Minister Unlike the National Food Security
Ordinance which entitles 67 percent of the population to get subsidized
grains from the government every month, District Kangra of HP covers its
entire population has been under the Targeted Public Distribution System
(TPEIS), say officials.

INTRODUCTION:

[he Public Distribution System can be visualized both as an anti-

inflationary as well as an anti-poverty measure. In its anti-
inflationary role, its major thrust is to provide a set of inflation-
protected supplies of the essential commodities to the consume It
thereby, strives to soften the, hardship caused by rising prices
which lead to the erosion of purchasing power. By ensuring the
physical availability of a substantial proportion of essential
consumer goods at stable, fair and affordable price, it protects
especially the poor and vulnerable against inflation.

The PDS is not designed to generate additional money income and

thereby enhance the purchasing power of the poorer sections of
the population
It however helps to maintain the real value of purchasing power in
the hands of the poor, and in this sense, its impact can be as
effective as that of any conventional poverty alleviation measure.
Moreover, the PDS essentially complements conventional anti-
poverty programmes, and by ensuring the supply of essential
commodities, cushions the inflationary tendencies inherent in
most of these direct income inducing measures. It is perhaps in
this distinct role that the PDS effectively combines the two
objectives of price control and poverty alleviation.

The basic objective of the PDS is to make available to the public,

particularly to the vulnerable weaker sections of the society,
essential consumer articles of daily use such as Rice, wheat, sugar ,
oil etc .

HISTORY
A public distribution shop, also known as fair price shop (FPS), is a
part of India's public system established by Government of India
which distributes nations at a subsidized price so the poor.

District Kangra of Himachal Pradesh food security system,

established by the Government of India under Ministry of
Consumer Affairs Food and Public Distribution is to distribute
subsidized food and non-food items to India's poor. This scheme
was first launched in February 1944, during the Second World War
and was launched in the current form in June 1947. Major
commodities distributed include staple food as wheat, rice, sugar
and kerosene, through a network of fair price shops (also known
as ration shops) established in several states across the country.
Food Corporation of INDIA , a Government-owned corporation,
procures and maintains the PDS.

The PDS can be regarded as one of the most important stable

elements of India's food policy with fight against hunger and
poverty. The main objectives of the Public Distribution are
threefold: first, to provide food gains to the poor at affordable
prices, second, to support farmers by purchasing food from them
at reasonable prices, and third, to maintain national food security
by holding stockpiles of food. The PDS and food policy of the
government is to achieve the twin goals of price stability of food
grain, which is expected to contribution to macro economic
stability and to create demand for food grains resulting from food
subsidies leading to multiplier effects, raising the overall growth of
the economy. The PIXS evolved from a food rationing system
introduced by the British in India during World War II A fixed
amount of food rations were distributed to the entitled families in
specific town/cities through The Department of Food, which was
created in 1942, under the Government of India. After the end of
the war, the government abolished the rationing system only to
reintroduce it immediately after independence in 1950; due to the
inflationary pressures of the country Ever since the District Kangra
of Himachal Pradesh government has used the public distribution
system as a deliberate policy instrument, to overcome chronic
food shortages apart frons using it for stabilizing food prices and
consumption in view of fluctuating Food production in the country
.

OVERVIEW
The central and state governments shared the responsibility of
regulating the PDS. While the central government is responsible
for procurement, storage, transportation, and bulk allocation of
food grains, states governments hold the responsibility for
distributing the same to the consumers through the established
network of Fair Price Shops (FPSS). State governments are also
responsible for operational responsibilities including allocation and
identification of families below poverty line, issue of ration cards,
supervision and monitoring the functioning of under PDS scheme,
each family below the poverty line is eligible for 35 kg of rice or
wheat every month, while a household above the poverty line is
entitled to 15 kg of food grain on a monthly basis.

This system needs to be developed and strengthened so that it will

remain a permanent and a reliable system of the national
economy. It is important that it should work in the remote and
inaccessible areas PDS is working through Fair Price Shops (FPSS)
including mobile shops in far-flung areas to cater to the needs of
industrial workers, students and hotels etc.

Review Of Literature
 Dr.S.K.Sinha & Ajay Wagh claimed that India is one of the fastest
growing telecommunication markets of the twenty first century.
The common man, artisans, agricultural labours, vendors and
workers from every walk of life are comfortably using the services
provided by telecom industries. The potential of capturing market
segment will surely depend upon understanding dynamics of
customer's preference.

According to Lewis & Boom service quality is considered as a

measure of how well the service delivered matches customers
expectations en providing a better service than the customer
expect organizational brand promotional strategies should be
based on developing innovative offers &products, developing cost
friendly value driven packages and tariffs. offering quality services
after sales service & ability to make calls without getting cut off
&also to provide cheaper cost of calls to other networks.

Dr. C. Annandan & M.Prasanna Mohan Raj & Mr.S.Madhu the new
mantra of all FMCG giants is: To get rich, sell to the rural. So they
have started marketing programs to explore the untapped
segment of rural markets. As far as FMCG is concerned, the market
penetration and consumption in rural areas is low so there is an
opportunity for marketers to utilize the market effectively.
Another key positive aspect is the current government focuses on
rural areas. Understanding the rural customers. Inadequate data
on rural markets. Reaching of products or services to 6.4 lakhs
villages for poor infrastructure facility.

REFRENCES :
 U.K. Singh (1991). Public Distribution System, Mittal
Publications, New Delhi
 Venugopal K.R. (1992), Deliverance from Hunger, The Public
Distribution System in India.
 Singh B.N.P. (1994), Economic Liberalization in India, Ashish
Publishing House. New Delhi. 4. Gupta K.R. (1995).
Liberalization and Globalization of Indian Economy, Atlantic
Publishers and Distributors, Vol.1 (11), New Delhi
 The Food Problem and Green Revolution in Indian Economy,
S.Chand & Co. Ltd. Food Demand in India - Emerging Trends
and Perspectives Studies in Indian Mista SK. & PunK. (1996),
Food Problem, Food Policy and Public Distribution System, .
 Choudhry R.C. & Rajakutty (ed.). (1998), Five Years of Runil
Development in India
 Rao & Linneman (1996), Economic Reforms and Poverty
Alleviation in India, Sage Publications, New Delhi.
 Sivanna N. (1997), Food Security and Panchayat Raj, Concept
Publishing Company. New Delhi.
 Prakash B.A. (1999), Poverty Food lintake and PDS in Kerala:
Kerala's Economic Development, Sage Publications, New
Delhi.
 Hanumanthu Rao & Hans fineman C.H(1996), Economic
Reforms and Poverty Alleviation in India, Sage Publications,
New Delhi.
 Krishnanji N. & Krishnan T.N. (1999), Public Support for Food
Security, Sage Publications, New Delhi

CHAPTER : 2
 RESEARCH DESIGN

NEED FOR THE PDS STUDY :

 To study the socio economic Conditions of rural population brought

under PDS .

 To study the problems relating to the implementations of the PDS.

 To study the benefits derived out of PDS.

 To offer suggestions to improve the working of PDS .

OBJECTIVES:

 To identify the perceptions of the consumers regarding the elements

of the public Distribution System in District Kangra, of HP.

 To identifying the similarities and differences in the perceptions of the

consumers and salesmen in the Public Distribution System in The
District of Kangra Of Himachal Pradesh .

 Price stability regarding the elements of the PDS in District KANGRA of

Himachal Pradesh.

Scope of the study :

  The study has is based upon the consumer satisfaction towards the
Public Distribution system In Kangra, Himachal Pradesh.
 The study is used to identifying the products that frequently by the
consumer and to analyse the perception towards the Product.
 To offer some suggestion to the betterment of the product in PDS.

Hypothesis To Be Tested :

 People below poverty line do not have income to purchase PDS Goods
 Measure and weights are not accurate in PDS articles.
 Very old stocks are allowed for PDS.
 Majority cardholders do not use Sugar.
 Monitoring of the schemes is ineffective.
 PDS has created overall benefits to the poor peoples.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:
Research Methodology is the systematic way to solve the research problem.
The methodology adopted for the current research work is submitted to the
proceeding section of the chapter.

Research design:
Descriptive research design is a scientific method which involves observing
and describing the behaviour of subject without influencing it in anyway.

Sampling Design :
In order to carry out the current research work I used 50 peoples survey
through Questionnaire .

Sample size:
50 are the sample size of the research work .

CHAPTER 3
 DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

Gender:

Male female

6%
Interpretation:

Out of 50 Respondents there

is 47 is 94%
male and 3 are
females.

OCCUPATION:

Interpretation:
 CHAPTER : 4

CONCLUSION

Universal coverage is the hallmark of PDS in District Kangra of Himachal

Pradesh. State Government is making all efforts to make the PDS more
effective by ensuring the availability, affordability and accessibility of PDS
articles to the poor.

In order to have a positive impact of a social policy, it is necessary to have a

periodic review of the system in place so that the policy is able to achieve its
desired goal. A comprehensive review of a social policy cannot be achieved
without understanding the requirements and issue of the final beneficiary. A
thorough analysis of the operational structure is important to understand
the functioning of the system. After collaborating the findings, we would be
able to provide an efficient review of the strategy which can provide
measures to strengthen the policy and help it in achieving its objective more
effectively.

The participation of women and middle-aged respondents were found high

in all sample districts, Lack of information on the no availability of ration-
articles was major reason for not lifting articles during certain times. The
non-controlled articles available at FPS were not attractive, as they lack
competitive advantage; sample respondent's opined 20 that non availability
of non-controlled articles was the major problem.

Hence, irrespective of category of respondents opined that to control the

open market price, non-controlled articles too should be supplied through
FPS, in addition to making available the entitlements of individual
Consumers for their purchase. Further, this is the major suggestion given by
the sample respondents to make PDS more effective. This shows that to
make the system more viable and effective, the participation of people is
important. In this context the best practices of some women SHGs may be
emulated and the role of local bodies in running FPS may be strengthened.

References

U.K. Singh (1991), Public Distribution System, Mittal Publications, New Delhi
Food Demand in India Emerging Trends and Perspectives Studies in Indian
Economy. Misra S.K. & Punk. (1996), Food Problem, Food Policy and Public
Distribution System.

Choudhry R.C. & Rajakutty (ed.), (1998), Five Years of Rural Development in
India:

Publications, New Delhi. • Sivanna N. (1997), Food Security and Panchayat

Raj, Concept Publishing Company.

Prakash B.A. (1999). Poverty Food lintake and PDS in Kerala: Kerala's
Economic Development, Sage Publications, New Delhi.

Hinomantha Rao & Hans lineman C.H.(1996), Economic Reforms and Poverty
Alleviation in India, Sage Publications, New Delhi. Krishnanji N. & Krishnan
T.N. (1999), Public Support for Food Security, Sage Publications, New Delhi

Tyagi D.S. (1990), Managing India's Food Economy, Sage Publications, New
Delhi.

Mishra, Bhasshal (1985), Economics of PDS in Food Grains, Asia Publication

House, New Delhi