)

⑤→ I Nz
R Ch ) ( n
Ln) =
) y
,
N
,
( n
→

¥
( h
)
Nz

✗ , ( n ) → ④→ if Ln ) = R, Ch ) 72 ( n )

in
Nz ( n)

men → ②→ yen] = ✗ seen]

n ( n ) > n C - n )
reversal

← delay
seen> → → seen -

1)

men) -472--3 seen + a) ←

advancing

☐
iscrete-Ti-me-sys-ems.co
Ilp Excitation
☐ T -

Signal :

Vp D T -

Signal :
Response

seen
1¥
)→*|→ycn±
Mathematical
representation
%
yen)
= T [ seen ] ]

=
Transformation operator
 IIP-olpdescriph.no#-DT-Sys-ems :

# Mathematical expression or rule is used to

define
Iփn
the .

7- p - o /p relationship

yen) = T In Cn ) ]

✗ ( n)
yen ]
system 'T
'

is the of the to the

ycn )
response
excitation seen ) .

In s 3

}
-3
Inl ,
! th)
E⇐ N =

0 otherwise
,

Rcn ) =
} . . -

,
0
,
3
,
2
,
1
,
0
,
1
,
2
,
3
,
0
,
. . .
}
T
N=0

→|sys+em_)→ Identity YID seen )

=

Klm

(4) } 0 3 1 0 1 2
3,0 }
Y
= .
. - 2 .

, , , , , , , , ,
. .

9
74=0

)→µnejtys%ay_)→ yen ) = seen a)

-

seen

Lh ) { 0 3 1 0 1 2 3 0 }
Y
=
. . .
2 . .

,
.

, , , , , , ,
, ,

9 T
n=o I
 seen
)→n•tf→ System
yens
=
rents ]

at n= 0
y ( o ) =
RC 1)
,

{ 3 1 0 3
yln) 3
= . . - U 2 1 0 2 -

,
- .

, , , , , , , , ,
A
T
N=o

✗ ( n)
→|fi,+er_\→YlM=£[
Moving average into +

+ Ncn -13
seen)

]
n = 0 :
ylo )
=

b- [ ✗ (1) tuco ) + KC -13 ]

]
II E-
= 1+0+1 =

y ( n ) =
} -
.
-

,
0
,
1
, 5-3 ,
2
, 1,2-3 , 1,2 , E- , 1,0 . - .
}
In
N = 0

Block ÉfDT- Systems :

Adder block : Nin )→②→ yen ) = se , LM Isezcn )

±T
( )
Kz
n

constant multiplier : seen, → ⑥→ aucn )

Signal multiplier : min →

④→ yen] = xicnslzcn )

in
N , Ch)
unit delay :

unit advance
Ncn )→T€j→ncn -
i ]
ncnti )
seen )t→
 ,→⑤→②→⑤¥ →Y
'"
: non

Taft
n

¥→⑤I
Arrows shows the direction of flow of the signals .

yln )
= box ( n) 1- begun -

1) + dzycn -
1)

↳ Difference equation
Note :
→
Any DT -

system can be described by a

difference equation .

→ A difference equation can always be

represented by a block diagram .

Another alton
Blaeu Box
-

*
- -

:
-

unit +0-7+0
,÷÷
> ""

¥±j
n

3
'
<
'

91--1
,
- -

- -
-
-

y ( n ) = bonn ) t birth -
1) + dseycn 1)-

Say , System is relaxed at

n=#
 DT -
systems takes a DT -

signal seen ) & transforms

=

new
✗ ( ),
n to produce a
01ps yen] .

EI : Accumulator : adds the

signals

yen)
= É seck ) ; n =
present value
R= -
so

→
# n n -
z

n n -1

Y 1h) = I seek ) = I seek ) t seen )

R= -
N
R= -
N

yen 1) + seen ]
yen]
= -

9
Difference equation
ycn )
=
yen 1) -
1- seen >

↳ Recursive feedback /
n

ycn ) =
Inch ← Non -
recursive
R= -
N

tt n -1 n

yln ) =
I secret = Inch 1- Inch
k= -
N k= - N K= 0

=
yc
-

1) + ⇐ nck )

= k= O

ye
-
1) : initial condth
=

Notes :
According to the expression ,
the
system
characteristic chaoy.es#