Department of Education

Region III
Division of City of San Fernando
San Fernando East District
ST. VINCENT OF QUEBIAWAN INTEGRATED SCHOOL
City of San Fernando (P)
(045) 409-8521

Detailed Lesson Plan in: ENGLISH for Grade 8 (Quarter 4- SY 2020-2021)

Week 1

Learning Competencies:
● Identify the distinguishing features found in religious texts, epics. myths, dramas and short stories
contributed by South and West Asian Writers (Q4- 1)
I. Objectives:
● Identify the distinguishing features found in religious texts, epics. myths, dramas and short stories
contributed by South and West Asian Writers
● Identify the notable literary genre contributed by South and West Asian Writers

II. Content:
a. Concepts:
Terms Descriptions References

Literary genres Genre means a type of art, literature, https://literarydevices.net/genre/

or music characterized by a specific
form, content, and style. For example,
literature has four main genres: poetry,
drama, fiction, and non-fiction. All of
these genres have particular features
and functions that distinguish them
from one another. Hence, it is
necessary on the part of readers to
know which category of genre they are
reading in order to understand the
message it conveys, as they may have
certain expectations prior to the
reading concerned.

b. References: English 8 Learners Material

c. Instructional Materials: Module, Pictures, copy of story
d. Source: https://literarydevices.net/genre/

A. Reviewing of Previous Lesson or Presenting the New Lesson

In the first three modules you were given an introduction to different literary works from different parts of Asia. South
and West Asia are the featured region of the literary pieces will be the focus for this quarter.

B. Establishing a Purpose for the Lesson

Today is the official start of the fourth quarter. The literary pieces that we will study will come from South and West
Asian countries.

The first of two lessons in this quarter will be about exploring Arabian and Indian Beliefs through their literature. This
lesson teaches how Arab values and beliefs are defined by writers in a religious text. These revolve around selected Al-
Baqarah verses about "Quran" and epics “Ramayana” and Mahabharata”.

C. Presenting Examples/Instances of the Lesson

Task 1. List the countries
1. As a review, on your notebook, enumerate the countries that make up South and West Asia. Also, be sure to
search for their capital. Follow the table below when you answer.
SOUTH ASIAN COUNTRY CAPITAL

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 WEST ASIAN COUNTRY CAPITAL

D. Discussing New Concepts

Task 2. Literary Bites

Islam is an Abraharnic monotheistic religion teaching that there is only one God. It teaches that Muhammad is the
messenger of God. With over 1.8 billion followers or 24% of the world's population, it is the world's second-largest religion.
Muhammad was the founder of Islam. To the Islam believers or the Muslims, he was a prophet who was sent to present and
confirm the monotheistic teachings.

Read some selected verses from the Qur'an. Find out if there are teachings that are similar to your religious beliefs.

Excerpts from the Qur'an (Selected AI-Baqarah Verses About Qur'an)

And cover not Truth with falsehood, nor conceal the Truth when ye know (what it is).
And be steadfast in prayer; give Zakat, and bow down your heads with those who bow down (in worship).
A1-Baqarah — 2:42-43

Mankind were one community, and Allah sent (unto them) prophets as bearers of good tidings and as warners, and
revealed therewith the Scripture with the truth that it might judge between mankind concerning that wherein they differed.
And only those unto whom (the Scripture) was given differed concerning it, after clear proofs had come unto them, through
hatred one of another. And Allah by His Will guided those who believe unto the truth of that concerning which they differed.
Allah guideth whom He will unto a straight path.
A1-Baqarah — 2:2 13

Let there be no compulsion in religion. Truth stands out clear from Error; whoever rejects Evil and believes in Allah
hath grasped the most trustworthy hand-hold that never breaks. And Allah heareth and knoweth all things.
A1-Baqarah 2:256

Surah 23: The Believers

1. The believers must (eventually) win through,-
2. Those who humble themselves in their prayers;
3. Who avoid vain talk;
4. Who are active in deeds of charity;
5. But those whose desires exceed those limits are
transgressors;
6. Those who faithfully observe their trusts and their covenants;
7. And who (strictly) guard their prayers;-
8. These will be the heirs,
9. Who will inherit Paradise: they will dwell therein
(forever).

116.Therefore exalted be Allah, the King, the Reality: there is no god but He, the Lord of the Throne of Honour!
117.If anyone invokes, besides Allah, any other god, he has no authority therefore; and his reckoning will be only with his
Lord! And verily the Unbelievers will fail to win through!
118. So say: "0 my Lord! grant Thou forgiveness and mercy for Thou art the Best of those who show mercy!"
Sources http://www.letsstartthinking.org/ Islam/qura? n-faith-guidance-truth- scriptures, asp
http://www. wright-house. com/ religions/islam/Quran/23-believers. php

Task 3. PROCESS QUESTIONS

Answer these questions in your notebook.
1. What does covering or concealing the truth mean?
2. What is a body movement which is stated in the text that is associated with worshipping?
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 3. What does "no compulsion" in religion mean to you?
4. What does the Al-Bagarah 2:2 13 say about truth and error?
5. How are the believers in Surah 23 described?

E. Discussing New Concepts #2

India is the land of famous folkiores and classical lite- rature. The two famous epics, "Ramayana" and
"Mahabharata," are written in Classical Sanskrit and present the most common ideals of human civilization—. Although
ancient, Indian epics are full of moral teachings and sacred discourses that are still relevant in today's world.

Ramayana
Dasharatha was the king of Kosala, an ancient kingdom that was located in present day Uttar Pradesh. Ayodhya
was its capital. Dasharatha was loved by one and all. His subjects were happy and his kingdom was prosperous. Even
though Dasharatha had everything that he desired, he was very sad at heart; he had no children.
At the same time, there lived a powerful Rakshasa king in the island of Ceylon, located just south of India. He was
called Ravana. His tyranny knew no bounds; his subjects disturbed the prayers of holy men.
The childless Dasharatha was advised by the family priest Vashishtha to perform a fire sacrifice ceremony to seek
the blessings of God for a child. Vishnu, the preserver of the universe, decided to manifest himself as the eldest son of
Dasharatha in order to kill Ravana. While performing the fire worship ceremony, a majestic figure rose from the sacrificial
fire and handed a bowl of rice pudding to Dasharatha, saying, "God is pleased with you and has asked you to distribute this
rice pudding (payasa) to your wives—they will soon bear your children."
The king received the gift joyfully and distributed the payasa to his three queens, Kausalya, Kaikeyi, and Sumitra.
Kausalya, the eldest queen, gave birth to the eldest son Rama. Bharata, the second son, was born to Kaikeyi, and Sumitra
gave birth to the twins Lakshmana and Shatrughna. Rama's birthday is celebrated now as Ramanavami.
The four princes grew up to be tall, strong, handsome, and brave. Of the four brothers, Rama was closest to
Lakshmana and Bharata to Shatrughna. One day, the revered sage, Vishwamitra came to Ayodhya. Dasharatha was
overjoyed and immediately got down from his throne and received him with great honor.
Vishwamitra blessed Dasharatha and asked him to send Rama to kill the Rakshasas who were disturbing his fire
sacrifice. Rama was then only fifteen years old. Dasharatha was taken aback. Rama was too young for the job. He offered
himself, but sage Vishwamitra knew better. The sage insisted upon his request and assured the king that Rama would be
safe in his hands. Ultimately, Dasharatha agreed to send Rama, along with Lakshmana, to go with Vishwamitra. Dasharatha
strictly ordered his sons to obey Rishi Vishwamitra and fulfill all his wishes. The parents blessed the two young princes.
They then departed with the sage (Rishi).
The party of Vishwamitra, Rama, and Lakshmana soon reached Dandaka forest where the Rakshasi Tadaka lived
with her son, Maricha. Vishwamitra asked Rama to challenge her. Rama strung his bow and twanged the string. The wild
animals ran helter-skelter in fear. Tadaka heard the sound and she became incensed. Mad with rage and roaring
thunderously, she rushed at Rama. A fierce battle ensued between the huge Rakshasi and Rama. Finally, Rama pierced
her heart with a deadly arrow and Tadaka crashed down to the earth. Vishwamitra was pleased. He taught Rama several
Mantras (divine chants), with which Rama could summon many divine weapons (by meditation) in order to fight against evil.
Vishwamitra then proceeded, with Rama and Lakshmana, towards his ashram. When they started the fire sacrifice, Rama
and Lakshmana were guarding the place. Suddenly Maricha, Tadaka's ferocious son, arrived with his followers. Rama
silently prayed and discharged the newly acquired divine weapons at Maricha. Maricha was thrown many, many miles away
into the sea. All other demons were slain by Rama and Lakshmana. Vishwamitra completed the sacrifice and the sages
rejoiced and blessed the princes.
The next morning, Vishwamitra, Rama, and Lakshmana headed toward the city of Mithila, the capital of the
kingdom of Janaka. King Janaka invited Vishwamitra to attend the great fire sacrifice ceremony that he had arranged.
Vishwamitra had something in mind—to get Rama married to the lovely daughter of Janaka.
Janaka was a saintly king. He received a bow from Lord Siva. It was strong and heavy. He wanted his beautiful
daughter Sita to marry the bravest and strongest prince in the country. So he vowed that he would give Sita in marriage only
to the one who could string that great bow of Siva. Many had already tried. No one could move the bow, let alone string it.
When Vishwarnitra arrived with Rama and Lakshmana at the court, King Janaka received them with great respect.
Vishwamitra introduced Rama and Lakshmana to Janaka and requested that he show the bow of Siva to Rama so that he
could try to string it. Janaka looked at the young prince and assented doubtfully. The bow was stored in an iron box
mounted on an eight-wheeled chariot. Janaka ordered his men to bring the bow and place it in the middle of a big hail filled
with dignitaries.
Rama then stood up in all humility, picked up the bow with ease, and got ready for the stringing. He placed one end
of the bow against his toe, put forth his might, and bent the bow to string it—when to everyone's surprise the bow snapped
in two! Sita was relieved. She had liked Rama right on the very first sight.
Dasharatha was immediately informed. He gladly gave his consent to the marriage and came to Mithila with his
retinue.Janaka arranged for a grand wedding. Rama and Sita were married. At the same time, the three other brothers were
also provided with brides. Lakshmana married Sita's sister, Urmila. Bharata and Shatrughna married Sita's cousins,
Mandavi and Shrutakirti. After the wedding, Vishwamitra blessed them all and left for the Himalayas to meditate.
Dasharatha returned to Ayodhya with his sons and their new brides. People celebrated the marriage with great pomp and
show.
Source: Association of Grandparents of Indian Immigrants (AGII) http://www.indolink.com/Kidz/Stories- ramayana 1 .html

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 Mahabharata
King Dushyant, a brave and powerful ruler of ancient India was married to Shakuntala, the foster-daughter of sage
Kanva. Shakuntala was born to Menaka, a nymph of Indra's court, from sage Vishwamitra. Vishwamitra secretly fell in love
with Shakuntala. Shakuntala gave birth to a worthy son Bharata, who grew up to be fearless and strong. He ruled for many
years and became the founder of the Kuru dynasty. Alas, things did not go well after Bharata's death and his large empire
was reduced to a medium kingdom with Hastinapur as its capital.
Then King Shantanu, a descendant of Bharata, was born. Shantanu dwelt in Hastinapur and was known for his
valor and wisdom.
One day, Shantanu went out hunting to a nearby forest. As he reached the bank of the river Ganges (Ganga), he
was dumbfounded to see an extremely charming damsel appearing out of the water and then walking on its surface. Her
grace and divine beauty struck Shantanu at the very first sight and he was completely captivated.
When the king questioned who she was, the young woman curtly asked, "Why are you asking me that?"
King Shantanu admitted, "Having been charmed by your loveliness, I, Shantanu, king of Hastinapur, have decided to marry
you."
"I can accept your proposal provided that you are ready to put up with my two conditions," the maiden argued.
"What are the two conditions?" the king asked eagerly.
"Firstly, you will never ask anything about my personal life, like who I am or where I come from. Secondly, you will
never stop me from doing anything or ask the reason of anything I do."
Shantanu was totally enchanted by the maiden's beauty and he immediately accepted her conditions. The king and
the damsel, now known as Ganga, entered into a love marriage (Gandharva vivah) and returned home immediately.
Things went on quite smoothly for a time and then queen Ganga gave birth to a lovely boy. When King Shantanu
heard of this good news, he was much delighted and rushed to the palace to congratulate the queen. But he was surprised
to see that the queen took the newborn into her arms, went to the river, and drowned him. The king was shocked and felt
miserable as he remembered that he could not ask the queen about her action. He was bound by his pledge, not to
question or interfere with her actions.
Hardly had Shantanu recovered from the shock of the death of his first son at the hands of the queen when she got
pregnant again. The king felt happy and thought that the queen would not do her dreadful action again. But the queen again
took the newborn into her arms, and drowned him in the river.
After seeing the ghastly action of the queen, the king was in immense grief again, but his pledge barred him to say
anything.
This continued on until Queen Ganga bore the eighth son and marched to the river as before. Shantanu lost his
patience and as soon as the queen was about to drown the newborn, Shantanu stopped her. "I have lost seven sons like
this and am left with no heir. I can no longer stand to see my flesh and blood decimated before my eyes."
Queen Ganga turned around and said, "Oh King, you have violated your pledge. I will not stay with you any longer.
However, before leaving you, I will open the secret that led to the death of your seven sons. Once it so happened that the
saint Vashishtha got offended with eight gods known as Vasus. He cursed them to be born as human beings on the earth
and undergo the mental torture of being a human. Hearing this, seven of the Vasus begged the saint to be excused but the
eighth one, who was the most mischievous, kept standing rudely."
Vashishtha was appeased and changed his curse, "Seven of you will die and come back to heaven as soon as you
are born, but the eighth one will have to live on the earth for a long period and face the tribulations as a human."
Ganga continued, "Upon the request from the Vasus, I assume the human form and marry you. My job is now over and I
must now go back to my heavenly abode. I am taking your eighth son with me and will bring him back to you after he is fully
grown up."
After saying this, Ganga flew away into the sky along with the newborn. King Shantanu felt very disappointed and
returned to his palace with a broken heart.
Many years after, when Shantanu was taking a stroll on the bank of the river Ganges (Ganga), Goddess Ganga
emerged out of the river with a young boy.
Ganga spoke, "Oh King! Here is your eighth son, Devavrata. I have brought him up in order that he may be able to
cope with what is to befall on him in his life on this earth."
The king happily brought the prince to the palace and celebrated his advent by declaring him the crown prince of his
kingdom. Devavrata was brave, just and looked highly promising.
King Shantanu was getting old and announced his retirement. He was lonely and always missed Ganga. One day
while he was taking a stroll on the bank of the river Ganges, he was attracted towards a charming maiden named Satyavati.
Satyavati was the daughter of the chief of the fishermen tribe. She took the sages across the river on her boat. She had a
divine aroma coming out of her body.
Shantanu did not know the secret that circled around Satyavati during her maiden days. Satyavati once had a bad
fishy smell on her body. Sage Parashar, one of the sages who she took across the river, had a special liking for her. He was
pleased and so he blessed her with a sweet aroma along with the boon of a son who was named Vyas. Immediately after
birth, Vyas grew up quickly through his divine powers and left for the forest. Vyas, however, promised his mother Satyavati
that he will come back whenever he was called for. Vyas, later known as Veda Vyas, had mastery of the Vedas but was
extremely ugly looking and had a horrible smell.
And so Vyas just appeared whenever his mother or her family members sought his help. He had rare magical
qualities to resolve their proE1ems.

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 Shantanu, unaware of the secrets of Satyavati's maiden life, was charmed by her beauty. He went to her father, the
chief fisherman, and asked him for the hand of his daughter. The chief fisherman, placed the condition that the son born of
Satyavati will be the successor of the Kaurava throne and not Devavrata. Santanu was shocked to hear the condition and
returned home disappointed and unhappy. Devavrata later discovered the cause of his father's unhappiness and went to
Satyavati's father, to advocate his father's position on marrying Satya ati. In return he promised to give up his right to the
throne for Satyavati's son.

F. Developing Mastery (Leads to Formative Assessment)

Identify what or who is being described in the following.
_____1. These words are terms belonging to the early period of arts and culture.
_____2. It is the land of the famous folklores and classical literature.
_____3. One of the subjects of the Qur’an which expresses supplication to God, trusting in God, love of God, fear of god,
hope in God, prayer, fasting, charity, and pilgrimage.
_____4. It expresses human rights, accountability, religious freedom, financial justice, social justice, social justice, enjoining
good, and forbidding evil.
_____5. It is also one of the subjects of the Qur’an which expresses truthfulness, helping the needy, service, fulfilling
contracts and oaths, patience, thankfulness and piety.

G. Finding practical application of concepts and skills in daily living.

How are the practices of the Muslim and Islam similar to your belief or religion?

H. Making Generalization and Abstractions about the Lesson

What are the important lessons you have learned after reading Qur’an and Ramayana and Mahabharata?
List the distinguishing features you have noticed with the literary works you have read.

I. Evaluating Learning
Identify the following. Choose your answer from the box.

J. Additional activities for application or remediation.

Task 9. 3-2-1
Copy and complete the graphic organizer below.

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