EXPERIMENT 1.

3
R-L CIRCUIT ANALYSIS AND POWER
FACTOR DETERMINATION

Student Name: Sarthak Singh Chauhan

UID: 21BCS4778
Branch: Computer Science
Section/Group: ON21BCS417-B
Semester: First
Subject Name: Basic of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Subject Code: 21ELH-101_ON21BCS417

AIM: To study voltage-current relationship in an R-L series circuit

and to determine the power factor of the circuit.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

THEORY: An AC series circuit consisting of a resistor and an

inductor is shown in Fig, I is the current flowing through the resistor
and the inductor. The voltage drop across the resistor and the inductor
is VR and VL respectively. The phasor sum of these two voltages will
be equal to the applied voltage V. In a resistive circuit the voltage and
current are in phase. In a pure inductive circuit the current lags the
voltage by 90 degrees.

PRECAUTIONS:
1.     1-ö variac should be set at zero potential before switching on 1-ö
AC supply.
2.     Meters of suitable range should be used as shown in Table 1
3.     The current coil (CC) and potential coil (PC) of wattmeter
should be shorted externally.
STEPS/PROCEDURE:
1.     Connect the circuit as shown in figure above.
2.     Vary the 1-ö AC supply voltage with the help of 1-ö variac.
3.     Switch on the resistive load by switching various lamps in
resistive lamp bank and vary the tappings of choke coil.
4.     Take readings of Vs, I, VL, VR and P.
5.     Increase resistive and inductive load by switching and repeat the
procedure as stated in steps 1 to 4.
6.     Take at least 5 set of readings and record the readings in table.
7.     Calculate impedance of circuit, impedance of coil, internal
resistance of coil, inductive reactance of coil, inductance of coil and
power factor from readings.

Sr Supply Voltage Voltage Current Power

No. Voltage Across Across Coil Factor
Resistor
1. 10 V 3.70 V 9.29 V 0.148 A 0.6858
2. 20 V 7.39 V 18.9 V 0.296 A 0.6858
3. 30 V 11.1 V 27.9 V 0.444 A 0.6858
4. 40 V 14.8 V 37.2 V 0.592 A 0.6858
5. 50 V 18.5 V 46.5 V 0.739 A 0.6858

CALCULATIONS:
W =VI Cosϕ-------------------------------------------------- eq. (i)
Power factor, Cosϕ = [W/(VI)] ---------------------------- eq. (ii)
Therefore, ϕ = Cos-1[W/(VI)] --------------------------------eq. (iii)
RESULT:
In R-L series circuit current lags voltage by angle ∅
Phase angle (∅) = 68.3
Power factor (Cos∅) = 0.6858

SOURCES OF ERROR:
o Internal resistance of multimeter and wattmeter.
o Internal resistance of connecting wires.
o Internal resistance and inductance of choke coil.
o Analog wattmeter may not be allowed.
o Internal resistance and inductance of autotransformer coil.

THANK YOU
Evaluation Grid:

Sr. Parameters Marks Obtained Maximum

No. Marks
1. Worksheet completion including writing 10
learning objectives/Outcomes. (To be
submitted at the end of the day).
2. Post Lab Quiz Result. 5
3. Student Engagement in 5
Simulation/Demonstration/Performance
and Controls/Pre-Lab Questions.
Signature of Faculty (with Date): Total Marks
Obtained: