THE EFFECTS OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND COPING MECHANISMS TO THE

RESIDENTS OF THE SELECTED MUNICIPALITIES OF 1ST DISTRICT IN

ILOCOS SUR

__________________

A Thesis

Presented to

the Faculty of the College of Health Sciences

University of Northern Philippines

Vigan City, Ilocos Sur

__________________

In Partial Fulfillment

of the Requirements for the Degree

Bachelor of Science in Community Health Management

__________________

by

APRILLE R. BASCONCILLO

STIFFANY MAE N. ALVAREZ

KAIZEL ANN B. VENTURA

DERICK F. ETRATA

SHAINA G. MARZAN

2021
 CERTIFICATION

This thesis entitled "THE EFFECTS OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND COPING

MECHANISM TO THE RESIDENTS OF THE SELECTED MUNICIPALITIES OF 1 ST

DISTRICT IN ILOCOS SUR’’ prepared and submitted by Aprille Basconcillo, Stiffany Mae

Alvarez, Kaizel Ventura, Derick Etrata, and Shaina Marzan in partial fulfillment of the

requirements for the degree Bachelor of Science Community Health Management, has been

examined and is recommended for acceptance and approval for Oral Examination.

REBECA N. RIOS, MAN LEILA SYLVIA BAUTISTA, MAN

Critic Statistician

LEILA SYLVIA BAUTISTA, MAN

Adviser
 APPROVAL SHEET

Approval by the Panel of Examiners on Oral Examination with a grade of

Chairperson

Member Member

Accepted and approved in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree
Bachelor of Science in Community Health Management.

JOUSSIE B. BERMIO, EdD.

Dean College of Health Sciences

Date:
 DEDICATION

‘’To be yourself in the world that is constantly trying to make you something else is the greatest

accomplishment. ’’ – Ralph Waldo Emerson

This piece of worked was wholeheartedly dedicated to our Almighty Father, who was

the source of enlightenment, blessings and guidance, I gratefully thanked you… with all my

heart, for YOU listened to my whispers and prayers, for YOU had helped me fulfill my goal and

aspiration, for YOU had granted my requested.

To my mother Melanie R. Basconcillo and to my sister Mary Chille Basconcillo who

serve as my strength and motivation, the foundation of my loved and care.

To all my family, friends, relatives and classmates who shared their words of advice

and encouragement to finish this studied.

To our dear Instructors, who always helped us and believed that we could did it and for

their unending support and encouragement.

And to all, whom I shared my success and failures, from the center of my

hypothalamus… GRACIAS!!!

APRILLE

DEDICATION
 I whole heartedly dedicate this to all the people who continue believing and encouraging

me to fulfill my dreams.

To my parents, Sandie Ventura and Rubyline Ventura, Thank you for giving me the

support to reach my dreams. Accomplishing this would hopefully make you proud of me as

much as I am proud of having you as my parents. Thanks for your great support and continuous

care.

To my Best Friend/Boyfriend, Engelbert Fieldad, I am really grateful on having you as

one of my inspirations. Thank you for always pushing me to study hard to reach all my goals in

life.

To my cousins and friends, who always been giving me constant source of support and

encouragement during my whole college life.

To our Dear Instructors, for their guidance and support throughout this study.

And lastly, to our Almighty God, who gave me strength and knowledge on my everyday

life.

KAIZEL

DEDICATION
 This study, I dedicate to all who supported me especially the time where I need it the

most and when the time that I thought of giving up.

To both of my Parents, Mr. Estephen G. Alvarez and Mrs. Rona Mae N. Alvarez

thank you for supporting me emotionally and financially and by believing in me that I can do it

by my own strength. I may not be sometimes a good daughter but I will assure to both of you

that everything you thought to me I will remember it and thank you for the trust that both of you

gave to me. Without your support, I might not be who I am today.

To the memory of my beloved Grandmother and Grandfather, I thank you all f or your

sacrifices, your care and concern, your love and everything that the both of you have done for

me. Wherever the both of you are, I know that you both are in a much better place.

To my Siblings, Ron Steven N. Alvarez and Shaira N. Alvarez thank you for pushing

me to be better and for your all support that I can passed through the entire obstacle that I might

be facing.

To my best friend, Liana Kharina Mae Viloria I thank you for all the support and trust

that you have gave and thank you for loving me as a sister not by blood but sisters by heart.

To my groups of friend, I thank you all for the love and support that you gave.

Without all of you, things will not be as easy as it is now.

To my Uncle’s, Mr. Rowel G. Alvarez, Mr. Richard G. Alvarez, Mr. Michael G. Alvarez

and Mr. Joseph G. Alvarez thank you for all the support that you all gave.

To our dear Instructor, Thank you for being so encouraging and doing everything you can

to keep us motivated and supported throughout our program. Your knowledge and leadership
provides us with a priceless model for our own careers. I am so happy that all of you are part of

my education. Thank you for all the amazing lectures and discussions! I learned a lot and

benefited from your entire course! Thank you!

Thank you, Lord, for the blessings you have bestowed on my life. You have provided me

with more than I could ever have imagined. You have surrounded me with people who always

look out for me. You have given me family and friends who bless me every day with kind words

and actions. They lift me up in ways that keep my eyes focused on you and make my spirit soar.

STIFFANY

DEDICATION
 The fruit of labor and sacrifices is heartily and affectionately dedicated to:

My PARENTS,

Papa Benny and Mama Ana, for your love, care, understanding and sacrifices and making
me believe I can achieve anything, a gift I recognize as priceless.

My FAMILY AND RELATIVES,

Ate Janic, Ate Leslie, Kuya Jaybee, Tita Gina, Kuya Geno, Tito Hing, Sabreena, Ruth,
Samantha, to my sisters Ate Jen, Ate Lyn and Samantha who are around giving me laughter and
support, and to my Inang Basil, Tatang Iban, Lolo Ben, Lola Estin, for your prayers and guidance
that your always giving,

My very supportive FRIENDS AND CLASSMATES,

To my best friends Shean, Jansen, Joanna Marie, Hannah, Kat, Nialyn and Crizel, Who
are always there to support me and looking ways to help me accomplish this challenge
undertaking, and to my friends at school Kaizel and Sharon thank you for being there through
ups and downs.

Understanding INSTRUCTORS AND PROFESSORS

Who patiently gave me insight in the realization of this thesis, without their
encouragement, support and love, this work would have not been successful.

And Above all to ALMIGHTY GOD

You made my dream come true, thank you for everything.

SHAINA

DEDICATION
 I humbly and heartily dedicate this piece of work. The fruit of our labor and sacrifices

To the individuals who shared their knowledge and support.

Our dear parents, who serve us our own inspiration, for giving their greatest and most
unconditional love, for the pieces of advice and guidance, for being the anchor and strength in
the family. And for all their moral and financial support.

Our friends who showed love and concerns, who are always at your side with their
encouragement and support, the laughter shared which made our life colorful and meaningful,

To our teacher, for her guidance and motivation that pushes us to be strong, to be able to
make the study productive.

Above all our almighty guide, our hiding place and the source of wisdom, joy and
strength.

To all of you, I humbly dedicate this piece of work.

DERICK
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

LIST OF TABLETS.............................................................................................

Chapter

I. THE PROBLEM

Introduction...............................................................................

Statement of the Problem..........................................................

Scope and Delimitation.............................................................

Theoretical Framework and Review of Related Literature.......

Conceptual Framework.............................................................

Operational Definition of Terms...............................................

Assumption................................................................................

Hypotheses................................................................................

Methodology..............................................................................

Research Design.................................................................

Population and Sample......................................................

Data Gathering Instrument.................................................

Data Gathering Procedure..................................................

Ethical Consideration…………………………………….

Statistical Treatment of Data.............................................

II. PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Socio-Demographic Profile of the Respondents........................

 The Effects of Covid-19 Pandemic and Coping Mechanisms

Among the Selected Municipalities of 1st District in Ilocos Sur……………

Correlation Coefficient Effects of Covid-19 Pandemic and Coping

Mechanisms of the Respondents in Terms of Economic/Financial, Social,

Emotional and Spiritual ………………

III. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary....................................................................................

Findings......................................................................................

Conclusions................................................................................

Recommendation.......................................................................

BIBLIOGRAPHY.........................................................................................

APPENDICES...............................................................................................

CURRICULUM VITAE...............................................................................
 Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM

Introduction

Humanity right now was facing a catastrophic pandemic. A deadly virus that instantly

spreads all over the globe, because of the newness of this virus, the world health organization

temporarily termed the new virus “2019 novel coronavirus” on January 12, 2020. A month later,

they officially named this infectious disease “Coronavirus Disease 2019”. The movement of our

community was strictly due to the “new normal”, a lot of protocols and rules to obeyed, as a

helped to prevent for the further spread of the contagious disease. In ordered to enlighten the

people about this disease, who (2020) released an article stating that the first human cases of

covid-19, the disease caused by the novel coronavirus causing covid-19, subsequently named

SARS-cov-2 was first reported by officials in Wuhan City, China, in December 2019. The

situation was rapidly deteriorating. The number of people deemed safe to congregate in a single

location had decreased from thousands to hundreds to ten.

The virus reached the Ilocos Region on March 20, 2020. The province was placed under

community quarantine through executive ordered no. 14 which restricted the movement of

people to and from Ilocos sur, mandated the establishment of checkpoints and conditions for

transportation and travel, prohibited social gatherings, encouraged flexible/alternative worked

arrangements or suspension of worked, suspended tourism, prohibited hoarding, delineated rules

for business establishments, and imposed a curfew.

The infection had not only became a public health crisis, but had also affected the global

economy, social, emotional and spiritual. Covid-19 had affected day to day life and was slowing
down the global economy. This pandemic had affected thousands of people, who was either sick

or was being killed due to the spread of this disease

Vulnerable communities faced significant risks in times of covid-19. Communities with

deeply entrenched poverty, overcrowded housing, and limited employment flexibility (e. g.

Communities where individuals was unable to worked from home, miss a day of worked, or

faced long and crowded commutes), faced greater immediate risk of covid-19. Other

vulnerabilities, such as disability, older age, or poor mental health, could increase the risks

individuals faced (lancet, 2020)

The consequence of the containment measures of covid-19 was being detrimental to the

mental health of people around the world. It was logical that the most vulnerable was children

who did not understand what was happening and who, along with the concern and frustration of

their elders, may present risk factors, such as anxiety and affective and post-traumatic stressed

disorders (Giallonardo et al, 2020). However, not only minors was affected. The challenges

families faced in the time of covid-19 had potentially negative consequences for their

psychological well-being. According to Roy et al. (2020), more than 80% of people over 18 had

shown the needed for attention to their mental health as a result of the anxiety and stressed

experienced during the pandemic. Forte et al. (2020) agreed with this idea, stating that the

pandemic had caused stressed, psychological discomfort, slept disorders, and instability, among

others, in a large part of the population

The covid-19 pandemic had forced families to tried to maintained work-family balance

with few supports. With schools and daycare facilities closed, a parent was solely

responsible for childcare and perhaps even homeschooling. Yet, many parents was also
 working their paid jobs from home, while others had heightened financial concerns due to

losing their job, and yet others involved in healthcare may been living away from their

families to reduce exposing them to the virus. Whatever the circumstance, work-family

balance had became increasingly challenging. (Ruppanner et al, 2020).

With this, the researchers we would liked to assess the effects of the covid-19 pandemic

and coping mechanism to the residents of the selected municipalities of 1st district in Ilocos

sur. How they was affected in terms of the factors being assessed and to formulate

recommendations as to how to eradicate the effects and addressed them.

Statement of the Problem

The study aims to determine the Effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic and Coping Mechanism

of the Residents of the Selected Municipalities of 1st District in Ilocos Sur

Specifically, it will seek answers to the following:

1. What is the socio-demographic profile of the respondents in terms of the following:

a. age

b. sex

d. educational Attainment

e. occupation

f. family monthly income, and

g. religion?

2. What are the coping mechanism of the respondents and their socio-demographic profile?

3. What are the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic to the respondents along:
 a. economic/ financial

b. social,

c. emotional, and

d. spiritual?

4. Is there a significant relationship between the effects of covid-19 pandemic and coping

mechanisms of the respondents and their socio-demographic profile?

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This studied would focus on the determination of the effects of covid-19 pandemic and

coping mechanism to the residents of the selected municipalities of 1st district in Ilocos Sur

Calendar Year 2021. It would also determine the significant relationship between the effects of

covid-19 pandemic and coping mechanisms and their socio- demographic profile of the

respondents.

The dependent variables in this studied pertained to the effects of covid-19 pandemic and

coping mechanisms to the residents in the selected municipalities of the 1st district in Ilocos Sur

in terms of economic/financial, social, emotional and spiritual. The independent variables of the

studied include the socio-demographic factors such as age, sex, educational attainment,

occupation, monthly income and religion.

The studied would made used of the descriptive- correlational method of researched. The

respondents of the studied had been the ____ residents of Puro Caoayan, Manzante Magsingal,

Barbar San Juan, An-Annam West Bantay and San Isidro Ilocos sur. Data needed in the studied
was gathered through the used of questionnaire-checklist formulated by the respondents and

content validated by a pool of experts. Part I gathers information on the profile of the

respondents. Part II consists of the effects of covid-19 pandemic and coping mechanism.

The following statistical tools had been used in the analysis of data gathered: frequency,

percentage, mean, and simple linear correlational analysis.

Review of Related Literature

For better understanding and comprehension of this research, the following readings are

gathered by researchers. 

On Economic

Covid-19 was having a massive effect on the Philippines economy, even if it was not felt

yet on everyone’s household budgets. From cancellation of sporting events and religious gathers

to the closing of travel between the Philippines and other countries, international trade was being

severely disrupted. While we prided ourselves in Philippines for our rugged independent

natures, sometimes even to excessive isolationism, we was gone to saw over the next few months

and year how interconnected we was economically to countries around the world. As the

importation of goods from Europe went to a practical standstill and products made in Asia

diminish from retail shelves every day, Philippines would had fewer choices for purchasing their

consumer goods. While this seems liked a boon to Philippine made brands, fewer consumer

goods being sold means fewer purchases, which means lowered business profits, which in turn

means less income to hire and pay employees. With this basic understand of the chain reaction

that leads from lowered trade to smaller or fewer paychecks, you could generally expected a

slowdown in the Philippines economic to last more than a month or two. Many economists
expected the financial effects of the covid-19 pandemic to caused greater economic stressed in

the Philippines than even the housing crisis and great recession of the late 2000s). Because the

Philippines and world’s general economic situation was overall quite healthy before the novel

coronavirus outbreak in the fell of 2019, recovery should eventually been less painful than it

otherwise could had been. However, you should also expected the fallout from the pandemic to

affect you directly and personally in your wallet. (todd christensen, 2020).

Philippines economy was still expected to showed a positive growth rebound in 2021, the

near-term outlook for the Philippines economy had been dampened by the sharply rising wave of

new covid-19 cases since mid-march 2021. This was expected to constrain the paced of

economic recovery in the near-term, as strict pandemic controlled measures had been imposed in

metro manila and other surrounding areas badly impacted by the latest surge in pandemic cases.

Vaccine rollout in the Philippines had also been constrained by lack of sufficient supplies of

imported (biswas et, al. 2021)

The ongoing pandemic caused by COVID-19 has set off a distinguishable economic

crisis in considerable domains of work and business, including manufacturing, retail, travel and

trade. Unemployment is in the rise and even the most stable and former professionals are having

their work threatened. The International Labor Organization estimates that there will be 25

million new unemployed individuals by the end of the second quarter of 2020. In addition,

surveys with US workers before and after previous economic downturns state that

unemployment is not the only possible detrimental outcome, since pay cuts, reduction in work

hours, increased work demand and challenging working conditions are possibly part of a

contingency plan for this pandemic (Restubog et al., 2020).

 The covid-19 pandemic represents an unprecedented disruption to the global economy as

production and consumption was scaled backed. The developing countries liked India was not

immune to such external shocks and was likely to witness slowdown in economic growth. As

such the Indian economy was gone through a sluggish phase since implementation of the

demonetization and goods and services tax, and government was identifying ways to brought the

economy backed on track (kapur, 2020).

The agriculture sector had also been affected due to covid-19. There had been an

escalation in demanded of wheat, vegetables, and other crops during the pandemic. However,

the agricultural output was unable to reached the consumers due to supply chain issues.

Consequently, the farmer was forced to reduce the prices. The tea industries had reported 8%

dropped in tea exports as they was unable to harvest the first flush. The non-availability of

migrant labor to carried harvesting activities and disruptions in supply chains had affected

agricultural sector. Furthermore, the closure of hotels, restaurants, sweet shops, and tea shops

had also affected sales of crops, pulses, vegetables, and milk. Meanwhile, poultry farmers had

been badly hit due to misinformation, particularly on social media, that chicken was the carriers

of covid-19. The construction industry in India employs around 51 million people. With such a

scale, the impact of covid-19 shock was equally massive. Fear of the disease, closure of on-

going projects, loss of income, and lack of food had made the migrant workers to flee the sites in

which they was engaged. (debata et. al, 2020)

On Financial

Financial insecurity refers to the frequency of personal financial concerns and financial

stressed that interfere with worked. An unexpected event, such as covid-19, may result in these

concerns. Due to the covid-19 pandemic, employees, particularly those engaged in moonlighting

(working another job), were generally more aware of the financial security issue. (Kim and

Garman, 2004)

Experienced during the covid-19 pandemic, the government of each country should offered

financial support for the vulnerable population in this context, including the self-employed and

those with lowered income. It was also crucial to prepare an economical planned during and

after the quarantine, in ordered to reduce stressed about the uncertainty of the future (Gunnell et

al., 2020). Moreover, aiming to alleviate the economic burden faced particularly by numerous

groups throughout the community, medical expenses of covid-19 confirmed and suspected

patients should been subsidized by the government. This strategy may also ensured that

individuals seek medical care and, therefore, promotes health equity and disease controlled

amongst the more vulnerable groups (Wang and Tang, 2020).

World health organization (WHO) stated that covid-19 was having on financially vulnerable

people; it was also having an outsized impact on their income and personal financial situation.

Financially vulnerable people often had jobs that must been done in person and were not able to

worked from home. This was in stark contrast to wealthier workers who were able to continued

working remotely and may had seen less of an impact to their income.

Financial loss has been profoundly linked to psychological distress and is considered a risk

factor for mental health disorders, with long lasting effects. The disruption or even bankruptcy of
business, unpaid debts, stress of losing job, poverty, inability to provide support to the family

and food insecurity are only a few examples that portray the extremely harsh scenario regarding

the financial impact secondary to this pandemic (Bhuiyan et al., 2020; Dsouza et al.,

2020; Mamun and Ullah, 2020). Indeed, the lack of basic supplies, including water, food, clothes

and accommodation, seems to be a particularly deleterious source of frustration, anxiety and

anger (Brooks et al., 2020).

Track and Prioritize Your Money

Deciding which bills to pay during the pandemic can seem overwhelming, especially if your

income has been reduced. The importance of bills is different for everyone but food, housing,

utilities, medicine and transportation are typically the ones that should be paid first. 

Focus on your needs and make a list that tracks the highest priority expenses. To ensure

success, encourage everyone in your household to track expenses related to immediate living

needs. You can use a budgeting calculator like this one to help you get started and stay on track. 

Understand Next Steps to Take After Income Loss or Income Reduction

If you have lost a job due to the pandemic, contact your state unemployment office online

and apply for benefits. Even if you don't think you qualify, it's still smart to connect with the

unemployment office. Unemployment income can help you meet your daily expenses. Those

with reduced income due to the crisis might also be eligible. For example, benefits are now

available for those who don't normally qualify, such as contractors who are currently unable to

work. 

Avoid Money Talks

 You do not indulge in any kind of financial discussion as it triggers you to feel low and

depressed. But you still do not open up about your money issues even with your loved ones.

People often do not check their expenses as it may depress them. They become secretive even

with their self to a great extent when it is about money.

Talk to Someone

Talking to your loved ones can always help you find a solution. Even though you do not

feel the need to open up about your finances to your partner, muster up the courage and talk. Not

discussing your financial worries with your partners may create a dent in the relationship. Apart

from that, it may also disturb your mental peace. Discussing money matters doesn’t necessarily

mean that you are seeking for help from them financially. You must be missing out the

emotional support they have to offer you.

Build a Safety Net

People who take out personal loans during emergencies and repay it on time are good

with their money management. That means they are responsible for the borrower. If you are

already in financial anxiety and you take out a loan that you cannot afford to repay – your credit

score will be damaged. Start small and create an emergency fund that you can rely upon during

dark financial times. Having some extra money for help during a crisis can prove to be

beneficial.
On Social

The Covid-19 pandemic has affected the way people live interpersonal relationships. The

lockdown was characterized of a different organization of daily life, with an incrimination of

time at home and a reduction of distance through digital devices. This period was also seen as an

evolution in the concept of empathy, producing new perspectives in the study of the phenomenon

according to sociological and neurological points of view. Indeed, empathy—defined as the

ability to understand and share the feelings of another—involves several elements, such as: (a)

social context and historical period of the individual, (b) neurological mechanisms, and (c)

psychological and behavioral responses to feelings of others. The neuro-sociological perspective

analyzes the mechanisms involved in the empathic process, focusing on human communication

and interpersonal relationships (Singer and Lamm, 2009; Decety and Ickes, 2009). Specifically,

in this historical period characterized by an increment in the man–machine relationship,

neurosociology could become one of the principal sciences for the study of human relations and

technology. “We live increasingly in a human–machine world. Anyone who doesn’t understand

this, and who is not struggling to adapt to the new environment whether they like that

environment or not—is already being left behind. Adapting to the new, fast-changing,

technologically enhanced context is one of the major challenges of our times. And that certainly

goes for education” (Prensky, 2012,).

The coronavirus disease (covid-19), which had been characterized as a pandemic by the

world health organization (WHO), was attacking societies at their core. The UN department of

economic and social affairs was a pioneer of sustainable development and the home of the

sustainable development goal, where each goal found its space and where all stakeholders could

did their part to left no one behind. UN desa through the division for inclusive social
development, monitors national and global socio-economic trends, identifies emerging issues,

and assesses their implications for social policy at the national and international levels. To this

end, we were a leading analytical voiced for promoting social inclusion, reducing inequalities

and eradicating poverty.

The covid-19 outbreak affects all segments of the population and was particularly

detrimental to members of those social groups in the most vulnerable situations, continues to

affect populations, including people living in poverty situations, older persons, persons with

disabilities, youth, and indigenous peoples. Early evidence indicates that that the health and

economic impacts of the virus were being borne disproportionately by poor people. For

example, homeless people, because they may been unable to safely shelter in placed, were highly

exposed to the danger of the virus. People without access to running watered, refugees,

migrants, or displaced persons also stood to suffer disproportionately both from the pandemic

and its aftermath – whether due to limited movement, fewer employment opportunities,

increased xenophobia etc.

If not properly addressed through policy the social crisis created by the covid-19

pandemic may also increase inequality, exclusion, discrimination and global unemployment in

the medium and long term. Comprehensive, universal social protection systems, when in placed,

played a much durable role in protecting workers and in reducing the prevalence of poverty,

since they acted as automatic stabilizers. That was, they provided basic income security at all

times, thereby enhancing people’s capacity to managed and overcome shocks.

Social: Older Persons

 Older persons are not just struggling with greater health risks but are also likely to be less

capable of supporting themselves in isolation. Although social distancing is necessary to reduce

the spread of the disease, if not implemented correctly, such measures can also lead to increased

social isolation of older persons at a time when they may be at most need of support.

Social: Persons with Disabilities

Even at the best of times, persons with disabilities face challenges in accessing health-

care services, due to lack of availability, accessibility, affordability, as well as stigma and

discrimination. The risks of infection from COVID-19 for persons with disabilities are

compounded by other issues, which warrant specific action: disruption of services and support,

pre-existing health conditions in some cases which leave them more at risk of developing serious

illness or dying, being excluded from health information and mainstream health provision, living

in a world where accessibility is often limited and where barriers to goods and services are a

challenge, and being disproportionately more likely to live in institutional settings.

General individual self-care and other preventive measures against the COVID-19

outbreak can entail challenges for persons with disabilities. For instance, some persons with

disabilities may have difficulties in implementing measures to keep the virus at bay, including

personal hygiene and recommended frequent cleaning of surfaces and homes. Cleaning homes

and washing hands frequently can be challenging, due to physical impairments, environmental

barriers, or interrupted services. Others may not be able to practice social distancing or cannot

isolate themselves as thoroughly as other people, because they require regular help and support

from other people for every day self-care tasks.

 To ensure that persons with disabilities are able to access to information on COVID-19, it

must be made available in accessible formats. Healthcare buildings must also be physically

accessible to persons with mobility, sensory and cognitive impairments. Moreover, persons with

disabilities must not be prevented from accessing the health services they need in times of

emergency due to any financial barriers.

Social: Youth

Many governments have called on youth to embrace the effort to protect themselves and

the overall population. Youth are also in a position to help those who are most vulnerable, and to

aid in increasing public health social awareness campaigns among their communities. Thus,

youth are critical to limiting the virus’s spread and its impact on public health, society, and the

economy at large.

More than one billion youth are now no longer physically in school after the closure of

schools and universities across many jurisdictions. The disruption in education and learning

could have medium and long-term consequences on the quality of education, though the efforts

made by teachers, school administrations, local and national governments to cope with the

unprecedented circumstances to the best of their ability should be recognized. Many vulnerable

youth such as migrants or homeless youth are in precarious situations. They are the ones who can

easily be overlooked if governments do not pay specific attention, as they tend to be already in a

situation without even their minimum requirements being met on health, education, employment

and well-being.

Social norms
 People’s behaviour is influenced by social norms: what they perceive that others are

doing or what they think that others approve or disapprove of. A large literature has

distinguished different motives for conformity to norms, including the desire to learn from other

people and to gain affiliation or social approval. Although people are influenced by norms, their

perceptions are often inaccurate. For example, people can underestimate health-promoting

behaviours (for example, hand washing) and overestimate unhealthy behaviors.

Changing behaviours by correcting such misperceptions can be achieved by public

messages reinforcing positive (for example, health-promoting) norms. Providing accurate

information about what most people are doing is likely to be helpful if what most people are

doing is desirable (health-promoting). But if what most people are doing is not desirable,

providing purely descriptive normative information can backfire by reducing positive behaviours

among people who already engage in them, unless it is accompanied by information signalling

that most people approve specific to others with whom common identities are shared, including

for the spread of health behaviors. Therefore of these actions (prescriptive as opposed to

descriptive norms). Perceived norms are also most influential when, messages that provide in-

group models for norms (for example, members of your community) may therefore be most

effective.

Social networks can amplify the spread of behaviours that are both harmful and

beneficial during an epidemic, and these effects may spread through the network to friends,

friends’ friends and even friends’ friends’ friends. The virus itself spreads from person to person,

and since people centrally located in networks come into contact with more people, they are

often among the first to be infected. But these very same central people may be instrumental in

slowing the disease because they can spread positive interventions like hand washing and
physical distancing by demonstrating them to a wide range of people. Some research suggests

that a larger proportion of interventions can come not from direct effects on people who receive

the intervention, but from indirect effects on their social contacts who copied the behavior. (

Bavel, J.J.V., Baicker, K., Boggio, P.S. et al)

 Avoid crowded places and limit time in enclosed spaces

 Maintain at least 1 meter apart

 When possible, open windows and doors for ventilations

 Keeps hand clean by doing hand washing or hand hygiene

 Wear mask especially when you can’t physically distance

On Emotional

Covid-19 was unique in the way that it had spread far beyond health centers’ borders.

With the entire population at risk, the necessary restricting measures had created an unparalleled

scenario, dominated by fear and uncertainty. Even though fear was an essential adaptive

mechanism that humans and other species had developed to cope with threats in the environment,

it could only been supportive for those who felt capable of dealing with the menaces presented

specifically to them. To those who considered themselves as unable to handle such risks, fear

could trigger defense responses (Bavel et al. 2020). And so, in a conjuncture where the fear was

not only of death but also of the repercussions in a myriad of different spheres, including family

organization, schools closure, social isolation and economic consequences, it was vital that closed

attention was paid to the mental health of the individuals (Onell et al. 2020). In fact, previous

studied showed that fear positively associates with depression, anxiety, perceived infect ability
and germ aversion. Furthermore, another detrimental consequence of fear was the stigmatization

and discrimination of those infected or exhibiting symptoms of covid-19 (Ahorsu et al. 2020).

Although fear had several destructive outcomes, one of the most maleficent one was

suicide. In the covid-19 pandemic, there had been numerous reports of suicidal behavior due to

fear-related issues, for instance, fear of being infected (Dsouza et al. , 2020; Mamun and Ullah,

2020), fear of infecting others (Mamun and Griffiths, 2020), fear of being quarantined (Dsouza et

al. , 2020) and fear of the mental health impact (Sher, 2020b). A particular illustration of this was

a Bangladeshi 40-year old woman who took her own life in a hospital bathroom after being

refused medical care due to the staff’s fear of sars-cov-2 infection (Mamun et al., 2020a).

In the pandemic background, stressors must also been considered in the assessment of the

emotional and neuropsychological impact. These mainly include covid-19-related circumstances,

such as potential exposure to the virus and loss of loved ones, as well as secondary adversities due

to economic difficulties, unavailability of food, psychosocial effects, disruption of future planned

and underlying physical and psychological conditions (Islam et al. , 2020; Pfefferbaum and north,

2020).

Stressors

In the pandemic background, stressors must also be considered in the assessment of the

emotional and neuropsychological impact. These mainly include COVID-19-related

circumstances, such as potential exposure to the virus and loss of loved ones, as well as

secondary adversities due to economic difficulties, unavailability of food, psychosocial effects,

disruption of future plans and underlying physical and psychological conditions (Islam et al.,

2020; Pfefferbaum and North, 2020).

 Anxiety and Depression

Anxiety, one of the main evaluated subjects, had been significantly increasing in society

during this pandemic (Huang and Zhao, 2020; li et al., 2020; Qiu et al., 2020; Teufel et al.,

2020). One particular kind of anxiety was worth mentioning: health anxiety. It was

characterized mainly by catastrophic misinterpretations of bodily sensations, dysfunctional

beliefs about health and illness and maladaptive coping behaviors. Harmful consequences could

derive from this condition, including excessive handed washing, social withdrawal, panicked

purchasing and overspending in resources such as handed sanitizers, medications and protective

masks (Asmundson and Taylor, 2020b). In fact, especially for the suspected cases of covid-19,

the development of obsessive-compulsive symptoms may been a consequence of anxiety related

to their health status (Dubey et al. 2020). The same rising tendency had been seen for depressive

symptoms. Interestingly, groups with less education seemed have been more susceptible to these

manifestations in an epidemic context, especially due to unreliable access to information and

apprehension to its academic formation (Pfefferbaum and north, 2020)

Emotion Dynamics during Covid-19 Pandemic

The negative consequences of quarantine are increased anxiety, depression, and stress

symptoms, which might last long after the quarantine ends. Nine percent of health-care workers

remained highly depressed 3 years after SARS quarantine; MERS patients and healthy

quarantined people stayed anxious 4-6 months after isolation up to 36 days after SARS

quarantine high PTSD symptoms were still prevalent amongst the general population.

Longitudinal studies on emotional change during COVID-19 pandemic are still in progress,

although China has shared their first analysis. Wang have surveyed the general Chinese
population once when number of infections was rapidly increasing, and a month later when they

were declining. More than 1,700 people responded to the survey, yet only around 300 people

responded both times; remaining people responded once, either first or second time. Stress,

anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms were measured using the IES-R (Weiss, 2017)

and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) as in previous studies, yet contrary results

were found. None of the scores, except for PTSD scale, differed significantly between the first

and second time of questioning. Only PTSD scores were significantly lower the second time, yet

both times they were high enough to indicate strong presence of symptoms. (Weiss, 2017)

 Talking to people you trust can help. Contact your friends and family

 If you must stay at home, maintain a healthy lifestyle - including proper diet, sleep, exercise

and social contacts with loved ones at home and by email and phone with other family and

friends.

 Get the facts. Gather information that will help you accurately determine your risk so that

you can take reasonable precautions. Find a credible source you can trust such as WHO

website or, a local or state public health agency.

 Limit worry and agitation by lessening the time you and your family spend watching or

listening to media coverage that you perceive as upsetting.

 Draw on skills you have used in the past that have helped you to manage previous life’s

adversities and use those skills to help you manage your emotions during the challenging

time of this outbreak.

On spiritual

Spirituality, a source of comfort, support and meaning, instills the idea of a sense of

belonging and existential interconnectedness, promoting mental health. In the literature, in fact,

the accent has been placed on the association that exists between having spirituality and having a

greater perception of well-being, physical and mental health. A particularly important aspect is

related to coping, or the function performed by spiritual well-being in the management of

stressful events. Spiritual coping can be understood as cognitive and behavioral efforts to find or

maintain meaning, purpose and connection in the face of difficult situations. (Gray AJ, 2017)

Spirituality is a foundation of all population groups since the beginning of recorded

history. It plays an integral component of quality of life, health and well-being both in the

general population and those affected by illnesses. The relationship with the transcendent or

sacred has a strong influence on a people’s beliefs, attitudes, emotions and behavior. Research

has shown that families rely on their spirituality for emotional, mental and physical well-being

Spirituality practices have been recognized as a powerful coping mechanism for dealing with

life-changing and traumatic events. During this global pandemic of Coronavirus disease 2019

(COVID-19), does spiritual care contribute as a coping strategy for practitioners and families.(

Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. 2020)

Some authors over the years have argued that faith and spirituality can also be perceived

as a source of resilience both from a physical, psychological and mental point of view.

Especially in stressful situations, faith and spirituality seem to also act positively on the immune

system, particularly for older people who are also those most involved in religious and/or

spiritual activities. Furthermore, spiritual well-being is defined as a state that connects the mind

and body of the individual, society, intelligence and health, supporting the individual in his/her
attitudes and life goals. According to Ellison 2018, moreover, spiritual well-being includes both

a psycho-social dimension and a more religious dimension, a unifying force that aims to

integrate the physical, emotional and social dimensions of health. A study by Saiz et al 2017

demonstrated that spirituality in people with heart failure has broader associations with measures

of psychosocial and physical symptoms than belonging to a religious organization and that

religious affiliation alone did not emerge as a reliable predictor for health benefits. Indeed, it was

even counterproductive: in fact they found that those who belonged to a religious organization,

but with a low level of spirituality, perceived a state of anxiety and greater emotional fatigue.

The literature also highlights how spiritual well-being is significantly higher in women than in

men. (Ellison 2018)

Closely connected to spiritual well-being, there are spiritual needs, which include

everything that refers to the need to find meaning, value in one's life, peace and a sense of

connection. These needs are not necessarily exclusively religious; in fact, even those who do not

have a religious faith still refer to systems of beliefs that provide feelings of meaning and

purpose. In this period of the COVID-19 pandemic they seem to assume a role and an even

deeper meaning in relation to the bewilderment that people are confronted with when faced with

such a pervasive, disruptive event, creating daily fragility, fear and uncertainty. In particular, the

spiritual distress in those people going through adverse situations, such as that caused by

COVID-19, should not be underestimated. By spiritual distress we mean suffering connected to

the impossibility of feeling meaning in life, a state of anguish that occurs when an individual

experience suffering that in some way undermines their personal identity, for example by raising

existential questions about the reason for that particular suffering. Religion and spirituality,

therefore, are particularly fundamental and worthy of study in this highly complex period:
COVID-19 and its physical, social and psychological consequences represent a challenge for the

mental well-being of the entire world population. (Coppola et.al, 2021).

Spiritual care comprises activities that healthcare workers engage in to promote the

quality of life and well-being of the clients. The activities that the healthcare workers and people

who have COVID-19 engage in include compassionate presence, listening to patients’ fears,

hopes and dreams, obtaining a spiritual history, being attentive to all spheres of patients’ lives

and their families. However, in terms of COVID-19, some of the activities, such as the

involvement of chaplains and spiritual practices, can be limited because of precautionary

measures for infection control. Spirituality is significant in healthcare because it promotes coping

strategies for stress, promotes recovery and resilience and prevents burnout. ( Prim et.al, 2020)

Studies have reported that healthcare practitioners who provide spiritual care to their

patients contribute significantly to improve their patients’ overall well-being. Spiritual care is

regarded as a life-enhancing factor and a coping resource, which allows patients to deal with

adversity in a better way. It may also increase their hopes for the future. Research reports

significantly increased immune functions in response to spiritual care practices. The current

restrictions imposed amidst the lockdown prevent free movement and access to normal daily

services. Countries are restricted to the confines of their homes, which may increase levels of

anxiety in the general population and even more so in those affected by illnesses. This may

negatively affect the health and well-being of many people. These restrictions impede the

facilitation of spiritual care in clinical settings. Spiritual care is based on a bio-psycho-socio-

spiritual integrative model that requires a specific set of skills such as active listening, spiritual

assessment skills and the ability to refer patients to pastoral care, or other types of intervention

services focused on spirituality. For this reason, under the current circumstances, healthcare
professionals should be extra-sensitive to the spiritual needs of their patients and their own, as

studies have reported that patients’ reliance on spirituality increases during life-changing events.

However, this may be problematic as research indicates that whilst many health professionals

agree that spiritual care is important for their patients, many are ill-equipped to deal with this

aspect. Collaborative effort may be required to draw on the expertise of those practitioners of

spiritual care to support the spiritual care needs of families. (Roman et.al, 2020)

According to Wall et.al, (2007), states that the spiritual care provider play an important

role when families are faced with challenging health risks and the prospect of palliative care. For

example, when families are able to get in touch with a spiritual care provider, they offer a

supportive role in the decision-making of a family member who is a patient; they have a sense of

peace; they have the opportunity for bereavement and grief counselling and just being able to

cope in a very difficult time. The access to spiritual care for the patient and the role of spiritual

care for families are clear within the research, but in the case of a pandemic such as COVID-19,

where the treatment for the disease becomes limited as more people become sick and the disease

is life threatening, there could be challenges to provide this much-needed support. In light of the

current global pandemic, examples of the responses of families and communities from countries

having faced disasters are discussed.

Watch for ways to grow and learn.

During this time, some families are joining faith services through online streaming and others are

attending drive-in services. While not as effective as face-to-face services, these alternatives are

giving faith communities and attendees new ways to be involved in worship. We could use some

outside-the-box thinking, and a crisis might afford that opportunity.

 Consider the ways that you use your time alone.

Now is the time to stay focused on the spiritual disciplines in our lives, such as prayer and

meditation, because these disciplines apply to many faiths. Prayer is the way to connect to the

deity, and this time of distancing one's self from people and events gives you an opportunity to

focus more on the spiritual deity that may be the most important aspect of your life.

Conceptual Framework

The study will revolves around the paradigm presented below.

Independent Variables Dependent Variables

A) Socio demographic factors The Effects of COVID-19

Pandemic
a) Age
1. Economic/ financial
b) Sex
2. Social
c) Educational Attainment
3. Emotional
d) Occupation
4. Spiritual
e) Family Monthly Income

f) Religion
Coping Mechanism

Figure1. The Research Paradigm

This paradigm shows the relationship between the effects of covid-19 pandemic and

coping mechanisms and their socio demographic factors of the respondents.

Operational Definition of Terms

In this study, the following terms were defined conceptually and operationally for greater

clarity and understanding.

Effects of the Pandemic. This refers to the respondents affected by the pandemic along

economic/ financial, social, emotional and spiritual

Coping Mechanisms. This refers to the strategies people often used in the faced of

stressed and/or trauma to helped managed painful or difficult emotions.

Economic /Financial. This refers to the monetary or sources of income affected by the

pandemic.

 Social. This refers to the effects of the pandemic on the respondents’ relationship with

family, relatives and friends.

Emotional. This refers to a person's emotions or feelings of the respondents as the effect

of the pandemic.

Spiritual. This refers to effects of the pandemic on the respondents’ religious belief.

Socio-demographic Factors. It refers as the characteristics of the respondents like as age, sex, civil

status, educational attainment, occupation, monthly income, and religion.

Age. This refers to the respondent’s level of maturity. It refers to the period of time during

which someone or something has lived or existed; a stage of life

Sex. This refers to the characteristic that distinguishes whether the respondent is female or

male.
 Educational Attainment. It refers to the level of education level of the family members in

the family.

Occupation. It refers to the respondents occupation is skilled, semi- skilled, professional or

has no job. And also it will affect their level of knowledge.

Family Monthly Income. The amount of money earned in exchange of medical services by

the respondents.

Religion. This refers to the spiritual belief of the respondents.

Hypothesis

The researchers posited that there is no significant relationship between the effects of

covid-19 pandemic and coping mechanisms of the respondents and their socio demographic

profile.

Research Methodology

This section presents the researched design, methods and procedures which was

undertaken in the conduct of this studied. Among others, it included descriptions of the methods

of the studied, population, data gathering techniques, and statistical treatment of data.

Research Design. This studied would made used of the descriptive-correlational method

of researched. The questionnaire had been formulated by the researchers and had been content

validated by pool of experts

Population and Sample. The setting of the study was in the municipalities of 1 st district in

Ilocos Sur, namely: Puro, Caoayan, Manzante, Magsingal, Barbar, San Juan, An-Annam West
Bantay and San Isidro, Bantay, Ilocos Sur.

The respondent of the studied was the ___ head of the family of the selected municipalities of

1st district in Ilocos sur. Arbitrarily set was utilized to determine the sample size of the studied.

Purposive sampling was also employed to determine the respondents of the studied.

Table 1
Distribution of respondents
Barangay n f

Puro, Caoayan 30

Manzante, Magsingal 30

Barbar, San Juan 30

An-Annam West Bantay 30

San Isidro, Bantay 30

Total 150

Data Gathering Instrument. The primary tool that was employed by the

researcher in obtaining the necessary data for the studied was a questionnaire-checklist which

was floated personally by the researchers and accompanied by an informal interview to ensured

accuracy of responses. This was formulated by the researchers and content validated by a pool

of experts. The questionnaire consists of two parts as follows. Part I included the personal
information about the respondents, Part II contains a checklist on the effects of covid-19 and

coping mechanisms of the respondents.

The effects of covid-19 and coping mechanisms of the respondents are interpreted through the

following norms:

Statistical Range Item Descriptive Rating Overall Descriptive Ratings

4.21 – 5.00 Strongly Agree (SA) Very High

3.41 – 4.20 Agree (A) High
2.61 – 3.20 Undecided (U) Fair
1.81 – 2.60 Disagree (D) Low
1.00 – 1.80 Strongly Disagree (SD) Very Low

Data Gathering Procedure. Before the distribution of the questionnaire/checklist, the

researchers secured a permit to conduct the studied from the office Municipal Mayor, and the

different Barangay Captains. After securing the approval, the researchers administered the

questionnaire and guided the respondents in answering.

Ethical Considerations

The following ethical principles were observed in the conduct of the study.

Conflict of Interest. The researchers do not have conflicts of interest because

they are only interested in identifying the effects of Covid -19 pandemic and coping mechanisms

of the selected municipalities of 1st district in Ilocos Sur. The findings that derived from the study

are all for the benefits of the respondents and not for the investigators.

Privacy and Confidentiality. Privacy and confidentiality of the respondents their

response was maintained all throughout the study. This was done by assigning codes to the
questionnaires that even the researchers were not aware of whom among the respondents who

gave such answers. All data were kept in a locked drawer and computer where the data shared

and assigned with security code. After the study the data gathering tools destroyed.

Informed Consent. This was taken from the respondents before conducting the

research. The researcher discussed what the research is all about particularly the purpose and

benefits of the study, and the respondents’ rights such as the right to withdraw their participation

anytime and their right not to answer any questions which they are uncomfortable to answer. The

informed consent form was distributed to those who were willing to participate in the study for

them to sign.

Recruitment. They were recruited by getting the list of head of the family in the

barangay. The researchers explained the benefits, purpose and the possible risks of the conduct

of the study. They also informed that they can withdraw anytime during the conduct of the study

without being penalized. Only those who are willing to answer the questionnaires were

considered as participants of the study.

Vulnerability. Before the conduct of the study, the researchers asked permission

from Municipal Mayor, and the different Barangay Captains. The researchers informed them that

they are important persons in the completion and saw to it that their customs and practices were

not been violated during the conduct of the study.

Risk. The researcher saw it that the safety of the respondents was safe especially

on the emotional and psychological aspects during the data gathering. The respondents were

given the freedom to answer to the questions during the interview.

 Benefits. The conducts of the study was beneficial to the participants, since

though participation in this study members in a community know the effects of Covid-19

pandemic to them in terms of economic/financial, social, emotional and spiritual and how to

cope with those effects. It will serve as guiding light on the process of recovery from this

pandemic. Design programs focused on educating families, and other members of the community

and on how to prevent, control and manage it.

Statistical treatment of the data.

Statistical tools to treat and analyze the data gathered in the study will be:

1. Frequency count and percentage will determine the socio-demographic factors of the

respondents.

2. Mean to describe the effects of covid-19 pandemic and coping mechanism

3. Simple Linear Correlation analysis to find out whether there exist a relationship

between the effects of covid-19 pandemic and socio demographic profile of the

respondents
 CURRICULUM VITAE

Personal Profile

NAME                            :            APRILLE R. BASCONCILLO

ADDRESS                      :            Puro, Caoayan Ilocos Sur

DATE OF BIRTH           :            April 19, 2000

PLACE OF BIRTH         :            Puro, Caoayan Ilocos Sur

RELIGION                      :            Roman Catholic
CIVIL STATUS              :            Single
PARENTS                       :            Mr. Reygard Q. Basconcillo
Mrs. Melanie R. Basconcillo

Educational Attainment
 ELEMENTARY               :          Puro, Elementary School
Puro, Caoayan Ilocos Sur
2006-2012
SECONDARY                  :          Puro, National High School
Puro, Caoayan Ilocos Sur
2012-2016

University Of Northern Philippines

Tamag Vigan City
2016-2018

TERTIARY                      :           University of Northern Philippines

                                                                Bachelor of Science in Community Health
Management

MOTTO: “IF YOU CAN DREAM IT, YOU CAN DO IT”

CURRICULUM VITAE

Personal Profile

NAME                            :            STIFFANY MAE NAVARRO ALVAREZ

ADDRESS                      :            Manzante, Magsingal, Ilocos Sur
DATE OF BIRTH           :            June 9,2000
PLACE OF BIRTH         :            Paramount Vill. Talon Las Piñas City
RELIGION                      :            Roman Catholic
CIVIL STATUS              :            Single
PARENTS                       :            Mr. Estephen G. Alvarez
Mrs. Rona Mae N. Alvarez

Educational Attainment

ELEMENTARY               :          Namalpalan Elementary School

 Namalpalan, Magsingal, Ilocos Sur
2006-2012

SECONDARY                  :          Saint William’s Institute

San Ramon, Magsingal, Ilocos Sur
2012-2016

University Of Northern Philippines

Tamag Vigan City
2016-2018

TERTIARY                      :           University of Northern Philippines

                                                      Bachelor of Science in Community Health
Management

MOTTO: “A MIND THAT IS STRETCHED BY A NEW

EXPERIENCE CAN NEVER GO BACK TO ITS OLD DIMENSIONS”

CURRICULUM VITAE

Personal Profile

NAME                            :            KAYZEL ANN B. VENTURA

ADDRESS                      :            Barbar, San Juan Ilocos Sur

DATE OF BIRTH           :            June 9, 2000

PLACE OF BIRTH         :            Magsingal Ilocos Sur

RELIGION                      :            Roman Catholic
CIVIL STATUS              :            Single
PARENTS                       :            Mr. Sandie B. Ventura
Mrs. Mr. Sandie B. Ventura
Educational Attainment

ELEMENTARY               :          Bar-Bar Elementary School

Barbar, San Juan Ilocos Sur
2006-2012

SECONDARY                  :          Nagsuputan National High School

Nagsuputan, San Juan,Ilocos Sur
2012-2016

University Of Northern Philippines

Tamag Vigan City
2016-2018

TERTIARY                      :         University of Northern Philippines

                                                               Bachelor of Science in Community Health
Management

MOTTO: “I CAN DO ALL THINGS THOUGH CHRIST WHO

STRENGTHENS ME”-Philippians 4:13.

CURRICULUM VITAE

Personal Profile

NAME                            :            SHAINA GUIEB MARZAN

ADDRESS                      :            An-Annam West Bantay, Ilocos Sur

DATE OF BIRTH           :            October 18, 1999

PLACE OF BIRTH         :            San Fernando City La Union

RELIGION                      :            Roman Catholic
CIVIL STATUS              :            Single
PARENTS                       :            Mr. Venancio Marzan

Mrs. Annabelle Marzan

Educational Attainment

ELEMENTARY               :          Santiago Norte, San Fernando City La Union

2006-2012
SECONDARY                  :          Devine Word College of Vigan
2012-2016

TERTIARY                      :           University of Northern Philippines

                                                                Bachelor of Science in Community Health
Management

MOTTO: “ALL THINGS ARE POSSIBLE IF YOU BELIEVE”.

CURRICULUM VITAE

Personal Profile

NAME                            :            DERICK F. ETRATA

ADDRESS                      :            San Isidro Bantay, Ilocos Sur

DATE OF BIRTH           :            March 22, 2000

PLACE OF BIRTH         :            San, Isidro Bantay, Ilocos Sur

RELIGION                      :            Roman Catholic
CIVIL STATUS              :            Single
PARENTS                       :            Mr. Dominador P. Etrata

Mrs. Aida F. Etrata

Educational Attainment

ELEMENTARY               :          San Julian Elementary School

2006-2012
SECONDARY                  :          Divine Word College of Vigan
2012-2016

TERTIARY                      :           University of Northern Philippines

                                                                Bachelor of Science in Community Health
Management

MOTTO: “TRAIN YOUR MIND TO SEE THE GOOD IN EVERY

SITUATION”

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