Data Analysis and Interpretation

Data analysis is defined as a process of cleaning, transforming, and modelling data to

discover useful information for business decision making. The purpose of Data Analysis is to
extract useful information from data and taking the decision based upon the data analysis.
Data interpretation is the process of reviewing data through some predefined processes
which will help assign some meaning to the data and arrive at a relevant conclusion. It
involves taking the result of data analysis.
Data analysis is the process of ordering, categorizing, manipulating, and summarizing data to
obtain answers to research questions. It is usually the first step taken towards data
interpretation. It is evident that the interpretation of data is very important, and as such needs
to be done properly. Therefore, researchers have identified some data interpretation methods
to aid this process.
Data Interpretation problems may be asked in different patterns. These include:
 CASELET
 Graph
 Line Graph
 Pie Chart
 Tabular Format

1. Eight students J, K, L, M, N, O, P and Q go on for a science exhibition in two batches of

four each. J and K never go together. M and O do not go together. K and Q have to go
together. If K and L go in one batch, then which of the following can be in the other batch?
1. J, M, O and P
2. J, M, Q and P
3. J, M, N and P
4. J, L, N and P
2. Three Students – Jose, Bharath and Simon – have to select three sports each out of the six
sports– Hockey, Baseball, Tennis, Basketball, Cricket and Football. If Football is selected,
then Hockey cannot be selected. If Simon selects Tennis, then Jose does not select Football.
If Bharath selects Baseball, then Simon cannot select Tennis and if Jose selects Hockey, then
Simon selects Cricket and Football. If Simon selects Football and Bharath selects Baseball,
then Simon cannot select
1. Hockey and Tennis.
2. Baseball and Tennis.
3. Tennis and Basketball.

4. A factory employs three machines M1, M2 and M3 to manufacture three products X, Y

and Z. Each machine runs for 12 hours a day. The following table gives the time taken (in
minutes) by each machine to manufacture 1 unit of each of the products.
What is the maximum number of products that can be manufactured in a day?
1. 125
2. 155
3. 200
4. 212
On a particular day, the demand for 40 units of X and 50 units of Y must be met. If the
remaining production is of product Z only, what is the maximum number of units of Z that
can be manufactured on that day?
1. 81
2. 85
3. 99
4. None of these
The following pie charts exhibit the distribution of the overseas tourist traffic from India. The
two charts show the tourist distribution by country and the age profiles of the tourists
respectively.
   1. What percentage of Indian tourist went to either USA or UK?

2. The ratio of the number of Indian tourists that went to USA to the number of Indian
tourists who were below 30 years of age is?

3. If amongst other countries, Switzerland accounted for 25% of the Indian tourist traffic, and
it is known from official Swiss records that a total of 25 lakh Indian tourists had gone to
Switzerland during the year, then find the number of 30–39-year-old Indian tourists who went
abroad in that year?

A University professor maintains data on MCA students tabulated by performance and

gender of the students. The data is kept on a computer hard disk, but accidently some of it is
lost because of a computer virus. Only the following could be recovered:

Panic buttons were pressed but to no avail. An expert committee was formed, which decided
that the following facts were self-evident:
(a) Half the students were either excellent or good.
(b) 40% of the students were females.
(c) One-third of the male students were average
1. How many female students are excellent?
2. What proportion of female students are good?
3. Approximately, what proportion of good students are male?