CPW-fed Compact Polarization Diversity UWB
MIMO Cup-Antenna
M. I. Ahmed
Microstrip Department
Electronics Research Institute
Giza, Egypt.
miahmed@eri.sci.eg
Abstract—in this paper, a CPW-fed (coplanar waveguide)
compact ultra wide-band (UWB) cup-antenna is designed to
operate from 3 GHz to 12 GHz with good matching. The antenna
is a semi-elliptical patch and the partial CPW ground is used
with two triangular to enhancement the bandwidth. Quad-
elements from this presented antenna are used to form a MIMO
(Multi-Input Multi-Output) system for modern wireless
communications. A MIMO arrangement is designed in a square
FR-4 substrate with length 55 mm. There is proper isolation
among the elements where the isolation coefficient is less than -20
dB. These antennas are designed by two basically different
techniques. These are HFSSTM from Ansoft and CST STUDIO
SUITETM 2018. The two software packages are basically
different; therefore the second has been confirmed the results
determined using the first. Good agreement is obtained.
Keywords—CPW; Compact; UWB; MIMO; Cup-Antenna.
I. INTRODUCTION
Nowadays, the portable wireless devices are more
interested by the planar antennas because it’s have more good
properties as low profile, small size, capability of forming
arrays [1]. However, the planar antennas with conventional
shapes are not suitable to attach with the present portable
devices because it has a big size. Therefore, it must be
miniaturized the planar antennas. There are different
modifications are used to minimize the size of these antennas
and improve radiation performance. The antenna
configurations such as inverted F [2], planar IFA [3], co-planar
waveguide-fed antenna [4] and defected ground antenna [5]
have increasingly found usage in the portable wireless devices
since they achieved a good performance and compact designs.
Furthermore, analytically analyzing and designing these types
of antennas require great efforts due to its irregular shapes.
Computation electromagnetic (CEM) algorithms [6]
incorporated into computer-based software can be an
alternative for accomplishing the issue. Ultra-wide-band
(UWB) systems are more interested due to allow the signal to
transmit with a little energy over a wide frequency band [7].
There are various applications for the UWB systems as radar
scanner, multimedia and cancer detecting etc. [8]. Especially,
the federal communications commission (FCC) specified the
frequency band for using the UWB systems where it’s band
from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz for low power emitted applications [9].
To further increase data rate transferred with a little fading,
multiple-input-multiple-output techniques is used with the
978-1-7281-0692-2/19/$31.00 ©2019 IEEE
M. F. Ahmed
Department of Electronics and Comm. Engineering
Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University
Zagazig, Egypt
mfabdelhalim@zu.edu.eg
ultra-wide-band applications [10]. MIMO systems that utilize
multiple antenna elements have been received a growing
amount of interests because of overcoming the limited data rate
transferred of the conventional systems [10]. Thanks to
multiple-input-multiple-output techniques, data rate transferred
is improved with introducing spatially multiplexing whereas
fading is minimized through providing the diversity [11].
However, designing MIMO antennas for portable devices is
not easy due to the elements required to be located in a small
place. This circumstance results in a significant coupling
among the elements, and therefore degrades the diversity
performance. Design of multiple-input-multiple-output antenna
with compact size and little correlation is crucial for the
portable wireless devices. Furthermore, maintaining a low
correlation over a wide frequency band as UWB is very
difficult than the narrow-band.
Therefore, CPW-fed compact UWB cup-antenna is
analyzed and simulated. Then, quad-elements MIMO from this
presented antenna is arranged with good isolation for modern
wireless applications. The idea of the elements is little similar
to that presented in [9]. In [9] a two-element MIMO was
presented while in this work four rotated elements are used to
build a MIMO antenna system.
II. MIMO ANTENNA DESIGN
In this paper, a CPW-fed compact UWB antenna is
analyzed and designed to operate from 3 GHz to 12 GHz with
good matching. The concept of a coplanar microstrip antenna
that contains a conventional patch with a coplanar waveguide
feed line and both are arounded by two partial ground planes.
The designed antenna is a semi-elliptical patch to enhancement
the bandwidth. The partial ground is used with two triangular
tranced to enhancement the impedance bandwidth. The ground
and the patch are printed on the same side of the substrate. The
patch and the ground are placed on FR-4 material has
permittivity 4.4, thickness 1.6 mm and tan 0.025. Fig. 1
displays the proposed antenna geometry with dimensions. The
optimized dimensions of the presented antenna are tabulated in
Table I. Also, the simulated S11 is shown in Fig. 2.
1519 AP-S 2019
 Fig. 4. The presented antenna S-parameters.

III. CONCLUSION
Fig. 1. The CPW-fed UWB antenna geometry
A compact ultra-wide band CPW-fed multiple-input-
multiple-output low profile antenna with little correlation for
TABLE I. THE PRESENTED ANTENNA OPTIMIZED DIMENSIONS the modern portable wireless systems. The MIMO design
contains the two congruous antennas positioned orthogonally
Parameter Wp Wgl Wgs Wf Lg Lf S for achieving a proper isolation among the feeding ports. The
Value
(mm)
25 10.4 5.4 3 10 16.07 1 proposed antenna is placed on FR-4 material as a substrate.
The effect of the geometry on performance can be investigated
by the parametric study and also to confirm that a MIMO with
four-elements has been analyzed, as well. The results proved
that the antenna can operate over the band of the UWB with a
coupling of less than -20 dB.

Fig. 2. Simulated S11 of the designed CPW-UWB cup-antenna
A MIMO design is simulated with quad-elements from the
proposed antenna, a MIMO in a square plane with length 55
mm is given in Fig. 3. In this paper The MIMO design has
proper isolation according to s21, s31, and s41 as it is shown from
the s–parameter variations shown in Fig. 4. The presented
MIMO antenna is designed using two different simulation
programs. These are HFSSTM from Ansoft which used FEM
and CST STUDIO SUITETM 2018 which used FIT. The two
software packages are basically different; so there is a
difference among the values of the S11 results not in the
resonance frequencies results for HFSS and CST simulators.
Fig. 3. The coplanar rectangular ground MIMO antenna.
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