S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp. Ex.

(1)
A. Review
(I) Basic Definitions of Trigonometric Ratios
In a right-angled triangle, the size of an acute angle is related to the ratios between the
lengths of any two sides of the triangle. Such ratios are called Trigonometric Ratios.

Trigonometric ratios of an acute angle θ

opposite side
sin  
hypotenuse
adjacent side
cos  
hypotenuse
opposite side
tan  
adjacent side

(II) Trigonometric Ratios of Special Angles

θ 0° 30° 45° 60° 90°

1 2 3
sin θ 0 1
2 2 2

3 2 1
cos θ 1 0
2 2 2

1
tan θ 0 1 3 Undefined
3

 Practice AII1
Find the values of the following expressions without using a calculator. (Leave your
answers in surd form if necessary.)
sin 60 tan 30
(a) (b) 4 cos 2 30  tan 2 60
cos 60

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) Page 1 of 34

  Practice AII2
Find the acute angle in each of the following equations without using a calculator.

(a) 2 sin θ  3 (b) tan(  10)  2 cos 45  0

(III) Finding Trigonometric Ratios by Constructing Right-Angled Triangles

If one of the trigonometric ratios of an acute angle θ is given, we can find the other two
trigonometric ratios without evaluating θ.
 Example AIII1
1
It is given that cos   , where θ is an acute angle. Find the values of sin θ and
4
tan θ without evaluating θ .

Step 1 Step 3
Construct a right-angled triangle ABC Find the unknown side BC by Pythagoras’ theorem.
with ∠A = θ and ∠B = 90°. BC  AC 2  AB 2 (Pyth. theorem)
 4 1 2 2

 15
Step 2 Step 4
1 Find the other two trigonometric ratios by
Since cos   , we set AB = 1 and
4 their definitions.
AC = 4 for simplicity.
BC 15 BC
sin    , tan    15
AC 4 AB

 Practice AII1
12
It is given that sin   , where θ is an acute angle. Find the values of cos  and
13
tan θ without evaluating θ .

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) Page 2 of 34

(IV) Trigonometric Identities
(i) Basic Trigonometric Identities
For any acute angle , we have:

sin 
tan   sin 2   cos 2   1
cos 
 Practice AIV1
Simplify the following expressions by using trigonometric identities.
2 tan 
(a) (b) sin 2   (3  cos2  )
sin 

(ii) Trigonometric identities about complementary angles

1
sin(90   )  cos  cos(90   )  sin  tan(90   ) 
tan 

 Practice AIV2
Simplify the following expressions by using trigonometric identities.
2 cos 2 (90   )
(a) cos   (b)  sin(90   )
tan(90   ) 1  cos 

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) Page 3 of 34

B. Angle of Rotation
If OA is rotated about O to OB through an angle θ, then θ is called the angle of rotation. OA
is called the initial side, OB is called the terminal side and O is called the vertex of angle
θ.

If the angle θ is located at the origin and the initial side OA coincides with the positive
x-axis, then θ is said to be in standard position.

Angles formed by rotating a line segment anti-clockwise are positive angles, whereas angles
formed by rotating a line segment clockwise are negative angles.

C. The Four Quadrants

In a rectangular coordinate plane, the x-axis and the y-axis divide the whole plane into four
regions.

For any angle θ in standard position, the position of its terminal side determines the
quadrant in which the angle θ lies.
The angle 90n , where n is an integer, does not lie in any quadrant. For example, 90 and
270 lie on the y-axis whereas 180 and 360 lie on the x-axis.
 p.9 Classwork

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) Page 4 of 34

C. Coterminal Angles
Angles in standard position with terminal sides coinciding are called coterminal angles. For
example, 55 , 415 and 305 are coterminal angles.

*Note: Coterminal angles are NOT equal angles.

 p.10 Classwork

D. Trigonometric Ratios of Any Angle

(I) Definition of Trigonometric Ratios of Any Angle

In the figure, 0 < θ < 90,

r2 = 32 + 42 (Pyth. Theorem)
r= 5

In OPQ,

opposite side of  4 y  coordinate of P

sin    
hypotenuse 5 OP
adjacent side of  3 x  coordinate of P
cos    
hypotenuse 5 OP
opposite side of  4 y  coordinate of P
tan    
opposite side of  3 x  coordinate of P

In fact, for any angles,

y x y
sin   , cos   , tan   where r  x 2  y 2
r r x

*Note: No matter which quadrant  lies in, r must be positive.

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) Page 5 of 34

Therefore, we have

θ 0° 90° 180° 270° 360°

Trigonometric Ratio

sin θ 0 1 0 –1 0
cos θ 1 0 –1 0 1
tan θ 0 undefined 0 undefined 0

 Example DI1
In each of the following figures, P(x, y) is a point on the terminal side of an angle θ. Find
the values of sin  , cos  and tan  . (Leave your answers in surd form if necessary.)
(a) (b)

 Practice DI1 p.13 Quick Practice 10.1

 p.14 Classwork

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) Page 6 of 34

(II) The Signs of Trigonometric Ratios
The CAST Diagram

 p.15 Classwork
 Example DII1
Determine the quadrant(s) in which each of the following angles θ lie.
(a) sin θ > 0 and tan θ > 0 (b) sin θ < 0 and cos θ > 0

(c) sin θ cos θ > 0 (d) sin θ cos θ < 0

 Example DII2
21
Given that sin   and cos   0 , find the values of cos  and tan  .
29

 Practice DII2.1 p.16 Quick Practice 10.2

 Practice DII2.2 p.18 Quick Practice 10.3
 Practice DII2.3 p.19 Further Practice

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) Page 7 of 34

  Example DII3 (Common Test 4 2015-2016 Q7)
3
It is given that tan   .
8
(a) State the possible quadrant(s) that  lies in.
(b) Find the possible value(s) of sin   cos  . (Leave your answers in surd form.)

 Practice DII3 p.19 Quick Practice 10.4

E. Graphs of Trigonometry Functions
For any angle θ, there is only one corresponding value for each trigonometric ratio. Hence
each trigonometric ratio is a function of θ.
(I) Graph of y = sin θ
 Activity p.23 Activity 10.2

By considering the graph of y  sin  , complete the following table.

increases from
0 to 90 90 to 180 180 to 270 270 to 360

Sign of sin ( )

Value of sin ( / )

For 0°≦θ≦360° , the maximum value of sin  is ____ and its minimum value is ____.

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) Page 8 of 34

(II) Graph of y = cos θ

By considering the graph of y = cos θ, complete the following table.

θ increases from
0 to 90 90 to 180 180 to 270 270 to 360
Sign of cos θ ( )

Value of cos θ ( / )

For 0°≦θ≦360° , the maximum value of cos θ, is ___ and its minimum value is ___.

(III) Graph of y = tan θ

From the graph of y = tan θ, we can see that:

(1) When θ increases from 0 to 90 , tan  increases from 0 to _______.

(2) When θ increases from 90 to 180 , tan  increases from _______ to 0.

(3) When θ increases from 180 to 270 , tan  increases from 0 to _______.

(4) When θ increases from 270 to 360 , tan  increases from _______ to 0.

(5) tan  has neither a maximum nor a minimum.

(6) For 0°≦θ≦360°, the graph of y = tan θ is discontinuous at θ =_____ and

_____.
 Classwork p.26

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) Page 9 of 34

F. Periodicity of Trigonometric Functions
A periodic function is a function that repeats its values in regular intervals or periods.

The following figure shows the graph of y  sin  for –720°≦θ≦720°. The graph repeats

itself every _______.

The following figure shows the graph of y  cos  for –720°≦θ≦720°. The graph repeats

itself every _______.

The following figure shows the graph of y  tan  for –720°≦θ≦720°. The graph repeats
itself every _______.

Therefore, y  sin  and y  cos  are periodic functions with period _______ while

y  tan  is a periodic function with period _______.

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) Page 10 of 34

G. Transformations of Functions (S6 Ch.3 More about Functions)
(I) Translation in the Direction of the x-axis or the y-axis
(i) Translating Upwards or Downwards
 Bk6A Ch.3 p.41 Activity 3.1

The graph of y  f ( x)  k , where

k  0 , can be obtained by translating
the graph of y  f ( x) upwards by k
units.

The graph of y  f ( x)  k , where

k  0 , can be obtained by translating
the graph of y  f ( x) downwards by k
units.

 Bk6A Ch.3 p.43 Classwork

The figure shows the graphs of y  x 2  2 x  1 , y  g( x) and y  h( x) .

(a) The graph of y  g( x) is obtained by translating the graph of y  x 2  2 x  1

upwards by _____ units. Find algebraic representation of g( x) .
______________________________________________________________
(b) The graph of y  h( x) is obtained by translating the graph of y  x 2  2 x  1
downwards by _____ units. Find algebraic representation of h( x) .
______________________________________________________________

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) Page 11 of 34

  Example GI1
The figure shows the graph of y = sin x for 0  x  540. Sketch the graph of
y  sin x  3 for 0  x  540.

 Practice GI1 Bk6A Ch.3 p.44 Quick Practice 3.11

(ii) Translating Leftwards or Rightwards
 Bk6A Ch.3 p.45 Activity 3.2
Comparing the graphs of y  f ( x) , y  f ( x  k ) and y  f ( x  k ) .
Given the graph of y  f ( x) , plot the graph of y  f ( x  1) on the same coordinate
plane.

x 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3
f ( x) … 9 4 1 0 1 4 9
f ( x  1) …

The graph of y  f ( x  1) can be obtained by translating the graph of y  f ( x)

(leftwards / rightwards) by ______ units.

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) Page 12 of 34

 The graph of y  f ( x  k ) , where
k  0 , can be obtained by translating
the graph of y  f ( x) leftwards by k
units.

The graph of y  f ( x  k ) , where

k  0 , can be obtained by translating
the graph of y  f ( x) rightwards by k
units.
`

 Bk6A Ch.3 p.47 Classwork

 Example GI2 (Bk6A Ch.3 p.48 Quick Practice 3.13)
The figure shows the graph of y = sin x for 0  x  540. Sketch the graphs of
(a) y  sin( x  90) ,
(b) y  sin( x  90)  3
for 0  x  540.

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) Page 13 of 34

(II) Reflection about the x-axis or the y-axis
(i) Reflection about the x-axis
Consider the function f ( x)  x 2 .

By plotting the graphs of y  f ( x) and y  f ( x) , we see that the graphs of

y  f ( x) and y  f ( x) show reflectional symmetry with each other about the
x-axis. In fact, the graph of y  f ( x) can be obtained by reflecting the graph of
y  f ( x) about the x-axis.

The graph of y  f ( x) can be obtained by

reflecting the graph of y  f ( x) about the
x-axis.

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) Page 14 of 34

(ii) Reflection about the y-axis
Consider the function f ( x)  ( x  2) 2 .

By plotting the graphs of y  f ( x) and y  f ( x) , we see that the graphs

of y  f ( x) and y  f ( x) show reflectional symmetry with each other about the
y-axis. In fact, the graph of y  f ( x) can be obtained by reflecting the graph of
y  f ( x) about the y-axis.

The graph of y  f ( x) can be obtained by

reflecting the graph of y  f ( x) about the
y-axis.

 Example GII1
The figure shows the graph of y  f ( x) . On the same coordinate plan, sketch the graphs
of
(a) y  f ( x ) ,
(b) y  f ( x) .

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) Page 15 of 34

(III) Enlargement and Reduction
(i) Enlargement and Reduction along the y-axis

The graph of y  k f ( x) , where k > 1, can be obtained by

enlarging the graph of y  f ( x) along the y-axis to k times
the original.

* Note:
(1) The graph of y  k f ( x) is enlarged along the y-axis when k > 1 and reduced
along the y-axis when 0 < k < 1.
(2) For k < 0, the graph of y  k f ( x) can be obtained by enlarging the graph of
y  f ( x) along the y-axis, and then reflecting the new graph about the x-axis.

 Bk6A Ch.3 p.52 Classwork

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) Page 16 of 34

  Example GIII1
The figure shows the graph of y   x 2  4 . If y   x 2  4 is transformed to
1 1
y   x 2  2 , sketch the graph of y   x 2  2 .
2 2

 Practice GIII1 Bk6A Ch3 p.55 Quick Practice 3.16

(ii) Enlargement and Reduction along the x-axis
 Activity
Consider the functions f ( x)  sin x and f (2 x)  sin 2 x for 0  x  360 .
(a) Complete the following table.

x 0° 30° 60° 90° 120° 150° 180°

f ( x)  sin x 0 0.5 0.87 1 0.87 0.5 0

f (2 x)  sin 2 x

x 210° 240° 270° 300° 330° 360°

f ( x)  sin x −0.5 −0.87 −1 −0.87 −0.5 0

f (2 x)  sin 2 x

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) Page 17 of 34

 (b) The following figure shows the graph of y  sin x . Sketch the graph of
y  sin 2 x on the same coordinate plane.

(c) Describe the transformation on graph of y  f ( x) when f ( x) is transformed

to f (2 x) .

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

The graph of y  f (kx) , where k > 1, can be obtained

by reducing the graph of y  f ( x) along the x-axis to
1
times the original.
k

* Note:
(1) The graph of y  f (kx) is reduced along the x-axis when k > 1 and enlarged
along the x-axis when 0 < k < 1.
(2) For k < 0, the graph of y  f (kx) can be obtained by reducing the graph of
y  f ( x) along the x-axis, and then reflecting the new graph about the y-axis.
(3) If y  f ( x) is a periodic function with period p, then y  f (kx) and
1 p
y  f ( x) will be periodic functions with periods and kp respectively.
k k
 Bk6A Ch3 p.57 Classwork

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) Page 18 of 34

  Example GIII2
The figure shows the graph of y  cos x for 0  x  540 .

Sketch the graphs of the following functions on the same figure.

(a) y  2 cos x for 0  x  540 (b) y  cos 2 x for 0  x  540

(IV) Summary

Transformation of the graph Transformation of the function

Translate upwards by k units f ( x)  k

Translate downwards by k units f ( x)  k

Translate leftwards by k units f (x  k)

Translate rightwards by k units f (x  k)

Reflect about the x-axis f ( x )

Reflect about the y-axis f ( x)

Enlarge along the y-axis to k times the original, where k > 1

k f ( x)
Reduce along the y-axis to k times the original, where 0 < k < 1

1
Reduce along the x-axis to times the original, where k > 1
k
f (kx)
Enlarge along the x-axis to k times the original, where 0 < k < 1

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) Page 19 of 34

 HKDSE 2016 Paper II Qn. 37
Let a and b be constants. If the figure shows the graph of y  a cos 2 x , then

A. a  2 and b  90 .
B. a  2 and b  360 .
C. a  2 and b  90 .
D. a  2 and b  360 .

 HKDSE 2015 Paper II Qn. 39

Let k be a positive constant and 180    180 . If the figure shows the graph of
y  sin  k x    , then

1
A. k and   30 .
2
1
B. k and   30 .
2
C. k  2 and   30 .
D. k  2 and   30 .

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) Page 20 of 34

H. Optimum Values of a Trigonometric Function
 Example H1
 x
The figure shows the graph of y  3 sin   1 for 0  x  1440.
2

(a) Find the maximum and the minimum values of y.

 x
(b) Find the period of the function y  3 sin   1 .
2

 Practice H1.1 p.30 Quick Practice 10.5

 Practice H1.2 p.31 Quick Practice 10.6
 Example H2
Find the maximum and the minimum values of the following functions.
(a) y  cos x  3 (b) y  5  2 sin x

 Practice H2 p.32 Quick Practice 10.7

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) Page 21 of 34

 Example H3
Find the maximum and the minimum values of the following functions.
3
(a) y (b) y  2 sin 2 x  1
4  cos x

 Practice H3.1 p.33 Quick Practice 10.8

 Practice H3.2 p.33 Further Practice
 Practice H3.3
Find the maximum and the minimum values of the function y  3 sin 2 x  cos 2 x .

 HKCEE 2008 Paper II Qn. 47

2  sin 
For 0    360 , the least value of is
2  sin 
A. 1 .
1
B. .
3
C. 1.
D. 3.

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) p.22

I. Graphical Solutions of Trigonometric Equations
 Practice I1
The figure shows the graph of y  tan x . Solve the following equations for 0°≤ x  360
graphically.

(a) tan x  3 (b) tan x  1 (c) tan x  1.8

 Practice I1 p.37 Quick Practice 10.9

 Practice I2
The figure shows the graph of y  2 sin 2 x .

(a) Rewrite the equation 4 sin 2 x  3  0 into the form 2 sin 2 x  k , where k is a constant.
(b) Hence, solve 4 sin 2 x  3  0 for 0° ≤ x  360 graphically.

 Practice I1 p.38 Quick Practice 10.10

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) p.23

J. Trigonometric Identities
The figure shows a circle centred at the origin O with radius r. It cuts the positive x-axis at A.
P(a, b) is a point on the circle. AOP = θ.
By the definitions of trigonometric ratios,
y

sin θ = ____________________
P(a, b)
r cos θ = ____________________
θ A x
O tan θ = ____________________

(I) Trigonometric Ratios of (360° + θ)

The terminal sides of θ and (360° + θ) are coincident. Therefore,

sin(360   )  sin 
cos(360   )  cos 
tan(360   )  tan 

 Example J I1
Find the values of the following trigonometric ratios without using a calculator. (Leave
your answers in surd form if necessary.)
(a) sin 390 (b) cos 420 (c) tan 765

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) p.24

(II) Trigonometric Ratios of (180° – θ)
Reflect P about the y-axis to P1.
P1 = ____________ AOP1 = ____________
y
By the definitions of trigonometric ratios,
P1
P(a, b)
sin (180° – θ) = ____________________
r
θ θ A x
O cos (180° – θ) = ____________________

tan (180° – θ) = ____________________

sin(180   )  sin 
cos(180   )   cos 
tan(180   )   tan 

(III) Trigonometric Ratios of (180° + θ)

Reflect P1 about the x-axis to P2.
P2 = __________ Reflex AOP2 = __________
y
By the definitions of trigonometric ratios,
P1(–a, b)
sin (180° + θ) = ____________________
r
θ A x cos (180° + θ) = ____________________
θ O
tan (180° + θ) = ____________________
P2

Therefore,

sin(180   )   sin 
cos(180   )   cos 
tan(180   )  tan 

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) p.25

(IV) Trigonometric Ratios of (360° – θ) & –θ
Reflect P2 about the y-axis to P3.
y P3 = __________ Reflex AOP3 = __________

By the definitions of trigonometric ratios,

sin(360   ) = ____________________
A x
θ θ
O cos(360   ) = ____________________
r
P3
P2(–a, –b)
tan(360   ) = ____________________

As the terminal sides of θ and (360° + θ) are coincident. Therefore,

sin( )  sin(360   )   sin 

cos( )  cos(360   )  cos 
tan( )  tan(360   )   tan 

 Example J IV3
Find the values of the following trigonometric ratios without using a calculator. (Leave
your answers in surd form if necessary.)
(a) sin 120 (b) tan 315 (c) cos 600

 Practice J IV3 p.46 Quick Practice 10.12

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) p.26

 Example J IV4
Simplify the following expressions.
(a) sin(180   )  tan( ) cos(180   )
sin(360   )
(b)
cos(180   )  tan(180   )
1  cos(360   ) cos 
(c)
sin(360   ) sin(180   )

 Practice J IV4 p.47 Quick Practice 10.13

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) p.27

(V) Trigonometric Ratios of (90° + θ)
Rotate P about O anti-clockwise through 90° to P4.

y P4 = __________ AOP4 = __________

P4 By the definitions of trigonometric ratios,

P(a, b)
r
θ sin (90° + θ) = ____________________
θ A x
O
cos (90° + θ) = ____________________

tan (90° + θ) = ____________________

Therefore,

sin(90   )  cos 
cos(90   )   sin 
1
tan(90   )  
tan 
 Example J V1
Simplify the following expressions.
(a) tan(90   ) tan  (b) cos2 (90   )  cos2 

 HKDSE 2014 Paper II Qn. 19

 cos  90     1 sin  360     1 

A.  cos 2  .
B.  sin 2  .
C. cos 2  .
D. sin 2  .

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) p.28

(VI) Trigonometric Ratios of (270°– θ)
Reflect P4 about the x-axis to P5.
y P5 = __________ Reflex AOP5 = __________
By the definitions of trigonometric ratios,
P4(–b, a)
sin (270° – θ) = ____________________
r θ
A x cos (270° – θ) = ____________________
O
θ
tan (270° – θ) = ____________________
P5

Therefore,

sin (270°– θ) = – cos θ

cos (270°– θ) = – sin θ
1
tan (270°– θ) =
tan 

(VII) Trigonometric Ratios of (270° + θ)

Reflect P5 about the y-axis to P6.
P6 = __________ Reflex AOP6 = __________
y
By the definitions of trigonometric ratios,

sin (270° + θ) = ____________________

A x cos (270° + θ) = ____________________

O
r θ θ
tan (270° + θ) = ____________________
P5(–b, –a) P6

Therefore,
sin (270°+ θ) = – cos θ
cos (270°+ θ) = sin θ
1
tan (270°+ θ) = 
tan 

 Practice J VII1 p.50 Quick Practice 10.14

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) p.29

 HKDSE 2015 Paper II Qn. 19
cos 180 cos 360
 
1  sin  90    1  sin  270   

A. 0.
2
B. .
cos 
2 cos 
C. .
sin 2 
2 sin 
D. .
cos 2 

 Example J VII2
cos(270   ) 1
Prove that   tan 2 ( ) .
tan(180   ) cos( ) sin (270   )
2

 Practice J VII2.1 p.50 Quick Practice 10.15

 Practice J VII2.1 p.51 Further Practice

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) p.30

K. Solving Trigonometry Equations by Algebraic Methods
 Example K1
Solve the following equations for 0    360.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)
(a) cos   0.7 (b) tan   1

 Practice K1 p.54 Quick Practice 10.16 (a)

 Example K2
Solve the following equations for 0    360.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)
1
(a) cos    (b) 2 sin   1
4

 Practice K2 p.54 Quick Practice 10.16 (b)

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) p.31

 Example K3
Solve the following equations for 0    360.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)

(a) 3 tan(  20)  1 (b) 3 cos(  10)  1

 Example K4
Solve the following equations for 0    360.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)
3 3
(a) sin 2  (b) cos 2  
2 5

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) p.32

 Example K5
Solve 2 sin x  6 cos x  4 cos x  3 sin x for 0  x  360.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.)

 Practice K5 p.55 Quick Practice 10.17

 Example K6
Solve 2 cos 2 x  5 sin x cos x  0 for 0  x  360.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)

 Practice K6 p.57 Further Practice (2)

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) p.33

 Example K7
Solve the following equations for 0  x  360.
(a) 4 cos 2 x  4 cos x  3  0 (b) tan 2 x  tan x

 Practice K7 p.56 Quick Practice 10.19

 HKDSE 2015 Paper II Qn. 38
For 0  x  360 , how many roots does the equation cos 2 x  sin x  1 have?

A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5

S4 Ch.10 More about Trigonometry Supp.Ex.(1) p.34