Elements and Principles of Visual Art

Visual Arts
-The visual arts are those that we perceive with our eyes. They may be classified into two groups; graphic
(flat, or two-dimensional surface), and plastic arts (three-dimensional).

The kinds of graphic arts are as follows:

-Drawing

- Painting
-Graphic Processes / Print-making
-Commercial Art
-Photography

The kinds of plastic arts are as follows:

- Architecture

-Sculpture
-Urban Planning and Development
- Industrial Design
-Fashion Technology
-Stagecraft and Theater Design

Elements of Visual Art

Lines
-Line is used to lead the viewer’s eyes throughout the artwork. It can lead your eyes into, around, and out
of the visual images within the artistic frame. A line has width as well as length, but usually, it is the
length that occupies more space than its width.
o Horizontal Lines are parallel to the horizon. They express feelings of rest, peace, quiet and stability,
permanence or solidarity. They make you feel relaxed and calm.
o Vertical Lines move up and down. They express stability and show dignity, poise, stiffness, formality
and upward mobility.
o Curved Lines slowly change direction and form wiggly curves, spirals or circles.
o Diagonal Lines slant, as if they are either rising or falling. Diagonal lines suggest action and
movement. They convey dynamism, vitality, and animation.
o Organic Lines are the types of lines found in nature. They are irregular, curved, and often fluid. They
convey a sense of gracefulness, dynamism, and spontaneity.

Space
Space refers to both outer and inner space, the emptiness and area between, around, above, below or
within objects. It may be flat or twodimensional, such as in painting, or three-dimensional, such as in
monumental sculpture.
o Positive space is the area occupied by shapes or forms.
o Negative spaces are the empty spaces between the shapes or form

Texture

Texture refers to how things feel when touched. Tactile texture is experienced when you touch something
to feel its texture. Visual texture is felt when you look at a photograph or an image that has texture, and it
reminds you how those objects actually feel. Visual texture is the illusion of a three-dimensional surface.
Roughness or smoothness of a visual texture is determined by the light or dark values it has. A rough
texture is characterized by a surface that reflects light unevenly. Smooth surface, on the other hand,
reflects light evenly.

Color

Color is an element of art that results from the light waves reflected from objects to your eyes.
o Hue is the name of a specific color in the color spectrum or the bands of color that are present in a color
wheel.
 Primary Colors / Hues
o Red
o Yellow
o Blue

 Secondary Colors/ Hues are made by mixing two primary hues.

o red and yellow make orange,

o red and blue make violet,
o blue and yellow make green.
 Intermediate/Tertiary Colors are made by mixing a primary color with its secondary color. For
example, red (primary color) and orange (secondary color) make redorange.

 Neutrals

o Black
o White
o Gray
o Value is indicated through the lightness or darkness of a color. The amount of light in a color
determines the color value. When a pencil is pressed hard to draw a line, it produces dark value. When it
is used lightly, it makes a line of light value. You can change the value of any hue by adding black or
white.
 Tint is the light value of a hue
 Shade is the dark value of a hue
 Intensity is the brightness or dullness of a hue

Color Harmonies

 Monochromatic uses only one hue. White and black added in varying degrees to show the different
shades and tints of the hue.
 Analogous are found side by side within the color wheel. For example, red. Red-orange: red and
orange are close to one another in the color wheel. They are different hues but they are related in color.
 Complimentary Colors are colors opposite each other. Example, red and green are located opposite
each other in the color wheel in the chart.
 Split Complimentary is the combination of one hue and the hues on each side of its complement. For
example, red-orange, blue and green from a split-complementary scheme.

Principles of Design or Organization

Harmony / Unity
Harmony creates unity by showing similarities of separate but related parts. Unity is oneness that is
achieved through the effective use of the elements of art and principles of organization. It guides the
viewer’s eye to focus on a visual image. Artists arrange the elements within the frame in a way that they
relate to each other and to the whole network.
Balance
Balance is concerned with equalizing visual elements in an artwork.
o Formal Balance is where equal elements are placed on opposite sides of a central axis. The central axis
is the dividing line located at the center of a frame. It may not be visible but imaginary.
 Symmetry is a kind of formal balance in which two halves of a balanced composition is identical.
Artworks in perfect symmetry express dignity, endurance and stability.
 Radial Balance is a variation of symmetry in which the elements of a design come out from the central
point of the circle
o Informal Balance/Asymmetry is the opposite of formal balance. Here, there is a balance of unlike
objects and there are no elements that appear to be equal halves or sides. Balance, in this case, relies on
the arrangement of objects.
Rhythm
Rhythm is the repetition of design, line or other elements within the frame. Visual rhythm indicates
movement and suggests unity of form by the repetition of elements.
Variety
Variety is when several elements of art are used to get the attention of the audience and guide the
audience’s focus through and around the artwork. Variety is used to keep the rhythm exciting and active
in a work of art.
Proportion
Proportion has to do with the comparative size of the parts of a single work. It is the relative relationship
of shapes to other shapes within the artistic frame in terms of size, degree, number, etc. When it comes to
the human figure, proportion can refer to the size of the head compared to the rest of the body.
Emphasis
Emphasis is how the artist catches the attention of the audience by making a specific area in the work
stand out by contrasting it with other areas. The artist can do this by making the area different in size,
color, texture, shape, etc.
Movement
Movement is the direction that the audience’s eye goes through the artwork, often to focal areas. This is
done by directing the audience’s eyes along lines, edges, shape, and color.
Pattern
Pattern is when an object or symbol is repeated all over the artwork.
Repetition
Repetition is used to make the artwork seem active. Repeating elements creates unity within the artwork
Color wheel a circular diagram of the color spectrum used to show the relationships between colors.

Elements of Performing Arts

Music

Music is the art of arranging sounds in rhythmic succession and generally in combination. Melody results
from this sequence, and harmony from the combinations. Music is both a creative and a performing art.
The common forms are song, march, fugue, sonata, suite, fantasy, concerto, and symphony.
Music is the organization of sound through a musical composition, sometimes aided by musical
instruments
Sound is the first input we receive at birth. A child quickly learns to relate certain sounds to specific
occurrences.

Elements of Music

Melody
Melody is that element of music which makes the most direct appeal. It is generally what we remember,
or whistle, or hum. By melody, we mean an orderly succession of tones or musical sounds. It consists of a
series of pitches and duration.

Pitch

The term pitch refers to the highness or lowness of a tonal sound. It is a physical principle that the faster
vibrations are, the higher the pitch will be, and the slower the vibrations, the lower the pitch.

Tonality

Tonality is the key or tonal center. Here, one particular pitch receives more emphasis than the others. In
almost any melody, one tone can be found which seems more important, more final, than any of the
others used in making the melody.

Duration

The duration of a tone is determined by the length of time the vibration is sustained. This property of tone
becomes one of the bases of rhythm.

Tempo

This is an Italian word which literally means “time”. In music, it determines the speed of the beats in the
measure, their duration in actual time. Music may move at a fast, moderate, or slow speed, and in varying
degrees.

Harmony

It is the simultaneous sounding of two or more tones

Dance
Simply speaking, dance is the movement of the body in a rhythmic way, which usually has music. Dance
can be for expressing ideas or emotions, releasing energy or just taking delight in the movement. It is a
powerful impulse. But for dance to become art, it needs to have 2 concepts. One is the powerful impulse
and the other is that impulse to be channeled into a skillfully choreographed set of movements.

Elements of Dance

Theme

It is the content or the main ingredient of the dance. It tells us what a dance is trying to convey. It is the
message of the dance.

Design

Planned organization or pattern of movement in time and space. Pattern in time, as provided by rhythm,
groups the unaccented beats of movements into measures. Pattern in space is created by floor pattern (the
path traced by dancers‟ travelling feet in planes), the levels on which one moves.

Movement
Movement is the action of dancers as they use their bodies to create organized patterns. Body movement
can be divided into steps, gestures of arms and hands, and facial expression.

Technique

This is skill in executing movement. A technically proficient dancer has complete control over the
muscles of his or her body.

Music

It is something melodic and harmonious usually used as an accompaniment. Music motivate the
movement of the dancers. Most of the time, music serves a s background music that further captivates the
spectators.

Costume and Properties

The visual elements of costumes and properties also contribute to dance. The type of dance performed
and the costumes worn, at any stage of history relate closely to the customs, beliefs, and environment of
the people.

Choreography

The organization of dance following steps and movement. A vital element of dance that would make the
performance and execution as cohesive and artistic to further the audience‟s appreciation and
involvement. It also serves as a tool for the dancers to convey a message for the easy, quick
understanding from the viewers.

Scenery

The setting or background establishing the place of action of any dance is important to make the dance
more realistic and beautiful.

Theater or Drama
Theater is the art or profession of producing plays. Drama is the written work that tells a story through
action and speech and is acted out in a theater or play.

Basic Elements of Drama

Thought/Theme/Ideas

The theme contains the meaning of the play. This is mostly the abstract issues and feelings that grow out
of the dramatic action of the characters. Sometimes, this is straightforwardly stated in the title or it may
be inserted into the dialogue of a character. The theme may also be less obvious and would only emerge
after some study or thought.

Action/Plot
Action/plot is the arrangement of action and movement in the play. The action and movement in the play
begin from the initial complication, through rising action, climax, and falling action to resolution.

Characters

These are the people presented in the play that are involved in developing the plot. Each character should
have his own distinct personality, age, appearance, beliefs, socio-economic background, and language.

Language

Language and dialogue delivered by the characters move the plot and action along. They provide
explanation and define the distinct characters. Each playwright can create their own specific style in
relationship to language choices that they use in establishing character and dialogue.

Music

Music is not a part of every play, but music can be included to mean all sounds in a production. Music
can expand to all sound effects, the actor‟s voices, songs, and instrumental music played as underscore in
a play. There is a need for the composers and lyricists to work hand in hand with the playwright to
strengthen the themes and ideas of the play. This element enables the characters to relate with the
audience through lyrics and music.

Spectacle

The spectacle in the theater involves all the visual elements of the play all of the aspects of scenery,
costumes, and special effects in a production. These include the qualities determined by the playwright
that create the world and atmosphere of the play for the audience‟s eye.

Cinema

Film is a story or event recorded by a camera as a set of moving images. Cinema is the production of
films as an art or industry. It is an act presentation in lights that made picture possible to appear on a two-
dimensional surface. This art form is governed by drama, but unlike theater, it is not presented in live
medium although it is experienced by live audience

Elements of Cinema

Actors

Actors mean the people who act, portraying a particular role that is presented in film. Their portrayal of
an imaginary character motivated the audience to be emotionally involved in the story.

Director

This person is the life of the film. He/she is considered the key person in the film making, and he/she
„calls the shots.‟ He/she is responsible in bringing out the best and worst from his actors, staff and other
members of his/her staff. Logically, the director has three main jobs: to direct the actors on how to deliver
a particular line with different levels of emotions, to direct the movements of the limited boundaries of
space, and to decide as to what shift and angle the camera will take.

Script
The script is the very story itself, to be given treatment by the director and given life by the actors. The
subject of the play may also be taken from the script.

Sound and Voice

In ancient times, silence was an element of the film. It was only when technology was introduced and
used that sound and voice are instruments to convey the beauty of the film story. For example, the story
needs the sound of the crickets, the barking of a dog, and the like. The voice in film is the natural voice of
the actors captured and recorded. The voices produced by the actors make the story more convincing. The
audience could readily connect with the story by the voice used by the actors. The audience could easily
visualize the actors as sexy, funny, sad, strict, or lovely by their voice.

Cinematography

Cinematography is defined as picture in motion. Cinematography turns the film from a flat surface to a
three-dimensional setting because of the movements the actors make. Anything that is seen on the screen
in any given moment is a part of cinematography.

Camera Shots

The camera is the sole medium to see a film into completion. The camera is believed to be a means of
expressing personal comments and a definite point of view, by its position, angle movement and even
focus.

Redeeming Value

Aside from its aesthetic significance, the purpose of art is to make man a better person, and refined. From
this context, it is not too much to say that aesthetic value must give way to moral value. It should be
emphasized here that no matter how beautifully and aesthetically done a film is, if it doesn‟t inspire the
audience in making them better persons, a film is still a failure.

Music

Music has the power to make the heart of the audience bleed with pity, leap with joy and shout with
anger. The theme song of the film will set the mood and illusion in a film. Music touches the audience
and would make the spectators cry, laugh with the actors‟ antics, hate the villain so much, angry with the
misfortunes of the actors, fall in love with the characters and gain inspiration from the protagonists. The
film may become more memorable and enjoyable because of its music.

Defining Contemporary Art

Characteristics of Contemporary Art

Contemporary art started in the 1950s, after World War II. Artists started to experiment On different
techniques and different ways of expressing their emotions, views, ideas, and other Things that they
wanted to express through art. They were considered contemporary artists Because their styles and ways
of making art veered away from that of traditional art.
Many contemporary artists are self-taught and did not have formal education.
An artist can learn how to paint, play An instrument, learn about making videos, etc. on their own.
Originality is not a big issue for contemporary artists. An artist can use the image or Idea of another artist
and add to it, redesign or interpret it using other materials, techniques, Styles, treatment, etc. and give it a
different meaning or enhance the idea of the original work.

Contemporary Art in the Philippines

-Artists are very experimental When it comes to their materials, venue, process, and theme/concept.
-As with other countries, the Philippines‟ history has deeply influenced its cultural.
-The Contemporary Philippine art scene is complex, not just because we have influences from Culturally
diverse countries, but because the Philippine art operates within a culture that is Dynamic, hybridized and
thus resistant to being put in a single category.

Subject Matter and Styles in Contemporary Art

-Subject matter is what you see that is depicted in the artwork. It may be human figures, A combination of
texture and color, or a figure made of found objects put together into a coherent Whole. The subject
matter in contemporary art is not confined to human figures, landscapes, or Natural objects like in
traditional art. Sometimes the subject matter is not easily recognized. If the Artwork is an experiment on
technique, then the technique is the subject matter itself.
-Style dictates every artist‟s art-making process. Style can have many meanings. It can Mean the art
produced in a particular historical period. Also, it can refer to the art of a nation or a Region within a
country. An artist‟s growth in his/her way of working can be referred to as “the Evolution of style”. Style
can also be a certain technical approach to art-making. Style can be Thought of as groups based on
common traits or qualities.

Abstract expressionism
This is a painting style where the artist applies paint in a manner that expresses Emotions and feelings in a
spontaneous way.

Kinetic art

This is a kind of sculpture that moves with the wind or powered by a machine Or electricity.

Op art

This style uses lines or images repeatedly to create an optical illusion.

Performance art

This combines a variety of media and the human body to execute an artistic Theatrical expression before
a live audience. This is different from theater as this does Not follow a plot, and instead a main concept or
theme, and is mostly spontaneous.

Environmental art
This involves the artistic creation or manipulation of space such as landscape or Architectural design that
may enclose its audience. Earthworks, or works using Natural objects like stones, leaves, trees, grass are
included in this category.

Feminist art

This emerged from female artists expressing their concerns through art. They Tackle issues of identity,
sexuality, gender roles, equality, and the ways which the Female is treated in society, among others.

Minimalism

This style has a stripped-down, pre-fabricated look, free of details and often With flat surface, but
expresses a specific content or statement.

Video art

This consists of images that are recorded through a video and viewed through Television, computer or
projection screen.

Graffiti art

This is a drawing, inscription or sketch done hastily on a wall or other surface Made to be seen by the
public.

Postmodern art

This carries modern styles to extreme practices, often expressing an idea Through a mix of materials,
such as found objects welded together.

Body art

This is an art form that uses the body as the medium or main material. The Body can be painted or
clothed and used to perform an artistic act in public. Tattooing and piercing are also considered body art.

Digital art

This is done with the aid of computer and computer programs to create an Image or design. The image
can be printed on paper, tarpaulin or other mediums.

Materials and Techniques in Contemporary Art

Materials Used in Contemporary Art

-Paintings are no longer just paint on canvas. Artists may choose to paint on whatever Surface is available
to them, some paint on the walls of buildings or even bridges
-In architecture, there is extensive use of glass and steel. Big glass windows or walls are Used to give
indoor spaces a view of the outdoors, to give the indoor space a sense of extension.
-For performance art, artists have used a variety of props like rope, plastic, textile, found Objects or food.
Paint is also used for body art.
-Technology has redefined art in many ways. Some examples are:
-Light structures and floor drawings using colored beams and smoke
-Tubes hanging on the ceiling that respond to the viewer‟s movements, sound and Touch
-A wall climbing robot holding a paint
-A pen controlled by a software program to create certain patterns
The choices of artists for materials are expanded by the availability, variety and what Possibilities these
new materials can offer. This expansion is essential in the development of Contemporary art.

Skills, Production and Techniques in Contemporary Art

Collage is made by adhering flat materials such as newspaper or magazine cut-Outs, printed text,
illustrations, photographs, cloth, string, etc. to a flat surface. The Artist brings all the materials together in
an artistic composition to get a desired Effect or bring a certain message Assemblage is putting together
found objects like scraps, junk, paper, wood, Metal, cloth, stone, arranged in an artistic composition. The
output is a three-Dimensional artwork, as opposed to a flat artwork in a collage.
Decalcomania is the process of applying gouache to paper or glass then Transferring a reversal of that
image onto canvas or other flat materials.
Decoupage is done by adhering cut-outs of paper and then coating these with one Or more coats of
transparent varnish.
Frottage is the technique of rubbing with a dry medium on a piece of paper which Has been placed over
an object that has texture. The impression of the texture will Be left on the paper.
Montage is the production of a rapid succession of images in a motion picture to Illustrate an association
of ideas or a composite picture made by combining Several separate pictures.
Trapunto painting is where canvases are padded, sewn, and often filled with Sequins, beads, shells,
buttons, tiny mirrors, glass, swatches and other things to Make an artistic composition.
-Some contemporary artists mix different materials. They can get varied effects when They do this.
Texture can be applied to a painting by adding elements on the canvas. Or as Mentioned earlier, wood
and metal can be used in one sculpture.

Appreciating Contemporary Arts

Observing and Describing a Contemporary Artwork

There are three elements to consider when describing a contemporary artwork. At this Stage, we are only
looking at the physical properties of the artwork and not making any Judgments yet. The three things to
consider when observing and describing the artwork are as Follows with guide questions that you can
answer when describing a contemporary work of art:
Subject matter
As mentioned earlier, this is what is seen by the audience depicted in the Artwork.
Material
This is what the artwork is made of.
Art elements and principles
This is as discussed in Chapter 1. These refer to the physical qualities of the Image. The artist uses
different elements of art and organizes them in a manner that Follows the principles of art.
Analyzing and Interpreting Contemporary Art

At the stage of examining or analyzing, it starts with a description of an artwork. Here, the
viewer focuses on beauty, design qualities and the value of an artwork. This is where we
determine what the features suggest and decide why the artist used these to convey specific
ideas. By separating the parts of the subject matter, the viewer will be able to analyze and
understand the content. The viewer then will be able to understand the artwork’s organizational
structure, nature, function and value. Analysis has the following elements:
- Determination of subject matter through naming events or issues associated with the artwork
- Discussion of how the qualities of the artwork contribute to its appearance, image or function
-Effect of the materials/medium used
The viewer’s reaction to the artwork The following questions can guide the viewer in analyzing
the artwork:
-How did the artist make the artwork?
-Does the viewer like or dislike the artwork? Why?
-How does it compare with other artworks in the same contemporary style?
-What is the value of the artwork to you, the youth or society?

Support Systems of Art

Department of Education (DepEd)

The Department of Education formulates, implements, and coordinates policies, plans, programs and
projects in the areas of formal and non-formal basic education. It supervises all elementary and secondary
education institutions, including alternative learning systems, both public and private; and provides for
the establishment and maintenance of a complete, adequate, and integrated system of basic education
relevant to the goals of national development. The mission of DepEd is to protect and promote the right of
every Filipino to quality, equitable, culture-based, and complete basic education.

National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA)

The National Commission for Culture and the Arts, Philippines is the Overall policy making body,
coordinating, and grants giving agency for The preservation, development and promotion of Philippine
arts and Culture; an executing agency for the policies it formulates; and task to Administering the
National Endowment Fund for Culture and the Arts (NEFCA) — fund exclusively for the implementation
of culture and arts Programs and projects.< http://ncca.gov.ph/about-ncca-3/history-and-mandate/>

Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP)

With the belief that art matters in the life of every Filipino, the mission of the Cultural Center of the
Philippines is to be the leading institution for the arts and Culture in the Philippines by promoting artistic
excellence and nurturing the Broadest publics to participate in art making and appreciation. CCP takes
pride in The continued promotion of artistic excellence, cultural values, Filipino aesthetics And national
identity towards a humanistic global society. http://culturalcenter.gov.ph/about-the-ccp/vision-mission/

Museums

A museum is an institution devoted to the procurement, care, study, and display of objects Of lasting
interest or value. It is where objects of historical, scientific, artistic, or cultural interest Are stored and
exhibited. There are national museums and there are those that exhibit art that is Native to the region it is
located in.
Below are examples of museums across the regions:

National Museum (National Capital Region – NCR)

The National Museum, is an educational, scientific and cultural institution that Acquires, documents,
preserves, exhibits, and fosters scholarly study and public Appreciation of works of art, specimens, and
cultural and historical artifacts Representative of the unique cultural heritage of the Filipino people and
the natural History of the Philippines.

Metropolitan Museum of Manila (NCR)

The Metropolitan Museum of Manila is one of the major museums in the Philippines. The museum was
among the first to develop and extend its audience Reach by embracing the philosophy of ART FOR
ALL, adopting a bilingual Approach to exhibition texts, and implementing a vigorous education and
Community outreach program.

BenCab Museum (Cordillera Administrative Region – CAR)

The BenCab Museum houses the permanent collection of Philippine National Artist Benedicto Cabrera
(BenCab) in several galleries, as well as venues for art shows And exhibitions. The Philippine
Contemporary Art Galleries highlight the artist‟s collection of paintings, drawings, prints, and sculpture.
The smaller exhibition Rooms contain other collections accumulated by BenCab through the years.

Negros Museum (Region VI)

Conceived in 1987, the Negros Museum opened on March 16, 1996 and served as Negros Occidental‟s
provincial museum. Housed in Bacolod‟s historic neoclassical Capitol building built in 1925, the museum
is unique as museums go because it does Not focus on precious artifacts. Instead it makes innovative use
of original Contemporary artworks as well as quality reproductions to tell the story of Negros. It is a
child-friendly museum with a livelihood component Local artists and Artisans sell copies of their
commissioned works at the Museum Shop.

University of Nueva Caceres Museum (Region V Bicol Region)

To discover the fascinating and colorful history of the province of Bicol, the University of Nueva Caceres
Museum holds an astoundingly diverse selection of Relics and exhibits that proudly. It is the ideal place
for indulging in one’s search For Bicolano culture. It was opened on October 1, 1952, the second
educational Institution in the country to put up a museum, with the primary goal of collecting Objects of
interests in the arts and sciences. Now, it contains archaeological, Ethnographical, historical, and
ecclesiastical collections relating to the Bicol Region.

Museo de Oro (Region X)

Located within the Xavier University Campus, it has a collection of pre-historic Artifacts and bones dug
from a Huluga cave a few kilometers away from the city Center. It is also a folkloric museum which
feature Tribal and Muslim traditions and Customs. There are also old photos of Cagayan de Oro and the
Philippine-American War. http://www.cdoguide.com/sights/historical/museo-de-oro.html

Museo Dabawenyo (Region XI)

Museo Dabawenyo is a City Government of Davao facility and is being run in Collaboration with the
private sector. It is a “people’s museum” and its programs Are geared towards better historical and
cultural awareness, understanding and Integration.Museo Dabawenyo was formerly the Court of First
Instance before its conversion In 2008. The museum is Davao City‟s repository of its rich history and
culture, Showcasing its heritage in various showrooms and galleries. It has galleries that Showcase the
local tribes‟ cultures and way of living, artifacts and information of The city‟s history and a hall of
changing exhibits, art shows and various educational Enrichment activities. It is a city- funded museum
that showcases Davao’s rich History and diverse
culture.<http://www.davaotourism.com/home/planyourtrip/viewArticle/
0&subPage=attractIons&cat=museum>

General Paulino Santos Museum (Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao

ARMM)

The General Paulino Santos Museum envisions to preserve the memorabilia of Gen. Paulino Santos and
the settlers who came with him in 1939, as well as those who Followed after them, imbued by their
Pioneering Spirit. Being the first formal Museum in General Santos City, it envisions: to inculcate the
Pioneering Spirit in The hearts of the present migrants of SOCSKSARGEN; to serve as a repository of
Artifacts and documents relating to the development of Southern Mindanao for Research; to be a bastion
of pride for the people of SOCSKSARGEN to know their Heritage and evolution as a part of the Filipino
nation; to encourage and support Efforts by other groups working in the same direction in the task of
nation building. http://www.nddu.edu.ph/services/museum/

Art Market

The art market in the Philippines has grown active in recent years. There was a time when Visual artists
struggled to earn money from their art because there were not a lot who patronized Or financially
supported visual artists, and did not see it as a good investment. As with the Increase in art patronage
around the world, the Philippines followed.

Art Fair Philippines

Founded in 2013, Art Fair Philippines is the premier platform for exhibiting and Selling the best in
modern and contemporary Philippine visual art. The fair aims to Mirror the vibrant local art scene and
continue to generate support for Filipino art Practitioners. Set in an alternative urban venue, Art Fair
Philippines makes art Accessible to enthusiasts and to those who want to discover one of Southeast
Asia‟s Most exciting art landscapes. http://artfairphilippines.com/the-art-fair/
ManilART

ManilART is the Philippines’ premier international art fair, showcasing the best in Contemporary visual
arts for the development and promotion of Filipino art and Culture locally and internationally. ManilART
elevates the standards and celebrates The dynamic Philippine art scene through various art exhibitions
connecting world-Class artists, institutions and the community. It fortifies the awareness of and the
Appreciation for Philippine visual arts by merging it with other disciplines through Lectures, workshops,
demonstrations and other activities with the support from both Local and foreign exhibitors. Together
with the National Commission for Culture And the Arts (NCCA), ManilART aims to preserve and
integrate Filipino national Culture and its various creative expressions as a compelling part of the national
Cultural mainstream. http://www.manilart.com/visionmission.php

Art in the Park

Since 2006, Art in the Park has gathered together a diverse group Of galleries, art schools, independent
art spaces, and collectives For the country‟s most significant affordable art fair. An annual Event
organized by Philippine Art Events, Inc. for the benefit of The Museum Foundation of the Philippines in
its mission to Create awareness for the National Museum and its network. Art In the Park offers visitors a
range of paintings, prints, Photographs, sculpture, and new media at prices PhP 50,000.00 and below.Set
in the relaxed and casual atmosphere of Jaime Velasquez Park in the Philippines‟ financial capital of
Makati City, Art in the Park keeps to its mission of Making the visual arts accessible to everyone. <
http://artinthepark.ph/about>

Auction Houses

An auction is a public sale at which things are sold to the people who offer to pay The most. Most of the
time, items being sold in auctions are very rare and valuable Pieces, like antiques, artworks of national
artists or those who have passed away, and Their bids can go up to millions. They also include
contemporary artworks in their sales.

Leon Gallery

Founded in 2010, Leon Gallery is primarily known as the leading gallery Specializing in historically
important and museum quality Philippine art. Old Master paintings such as those done by Juan Luna,
Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo, Fabian de la Rosa, and Fernando Amorsolo lie at the core of Leon Gallery‟s
collection. The gallery‟s holdings include modernist works of Notable artists such as Fernando Zobel,
Romeo Tabuena, Diosdado Lorenzo, And Federico Aguilar Alcuaz, among others.

Salcedo Auctions

Established in 2010, Salcedo Auctions, situated in the fashionable enclave Of Salcedo Village in
Manila‟s financial district of Makati, is the only Auction house in the Philippines to specialize in the sale
of fine art, jewelry, Decorative arts and collectible accessories by leading local and international Artists
and artisans.

Galleries

Galleries in the Philippines took on a more active role in the art scene in the past couple of Years. As
mentioned earlier, because art patronage only boomed in the past few years, not a lot of People went to art
galleries before, and the business of running a gallery was not as profitable Before as it is now.
Finale Art File (NCR)

Established in the early „80s, Finale Art File is Considered as a premier gallery institution in the
Philippines, having showcased hundreds of exhibits By some of the most talented names in contemporary
Visual arts. It has successfully balanced the demandsof a commercial establishment and an artistic venue,
occasionally featuring Experimental works that push artistic boundaries and challenge audience
Expectation.

Artinformal (NCR)

Artinformal was established in 2004 by a clique of contemporary Filipino artists as An initiative to bring
art and its practice closer to the community through programs Of exhibitions and art education. Its
attendant gallery space, established two years Later, promotes and features a broad range of art forms to
the public – from Sculpture, painting, pottery, installation, multi- media, performances – all under the
Rubric of creative exchange and encounters.

Gallery Orange (Region VI)

Gallery Orange started in 2005 as the first professionally Run gallery exclusively dedicated to the creative
Requirements primarily of the visual arts, and by association The other forms of art, in Negros. It was a
collaborative Undertaking between visual artist Charlie Co and Businessman-artist Victor Benjamin
Lopue, III. Ever since Its inception, the gallery speaks the universal language of Art and is therefore open
to both Filipino and visiting Foreign artists. It is a venue for curated exhibitions, Changing exhibitions,
installation art, and other art events. http://galleryorange.ph/about-the-gallery/

856 G Gallery (Region VII)

Established in 2008 by artist, jewelry designer and Businesswoman, Annie Chen, 856 G Gallery commits
to Preserving, exhibiting, fostering and collecting Filipino Artwork. Annie Chen is a visionary who
founded the gallery on The principle that exhibiting different forms of art can not only Encourage the
movement of art within the community, but also Motivate artists to challenge their capabilities in
producing Superior work.

Kublai Art Gallery and Davao Contemporary Art Gallery (Region XI)

A new installment in the city‟s contemporary art scene, the Kublai Art Gallery and Davao Contemporary
Art Gallery is a unique cultural expression of Davao‟s visual Artists. The gallery showcases various
works by Mindanao‟s famed artist Kublai Ponce-Millan, as well as different artists from the city.
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Award-giving Bodies

Award-giving bodies were established to encourage excellence and give recognition to Outstanding art
making in visual arts and performing arts.

National Artist of the Philippines

A National Artist is a Filipino citizen who has been given the rank And title of National Artist in
recognition of his or her significant Contributions to the development of Philippine arts and letters.The
rank and title of National Artist is conferred by means of a Presidential Proclamation. It recognizes
excellence in the fields of Music, Dance, Theater, Visual Arts, Literature, Film and Broadcast Arts, and
Architecture or Allied Arts. http://www.gov.ph/the-order-of-national-artists/

Thirteen Artists Awards

The Thirteen Artists Awards began as a curatorial project of the Cultural Center of The Philippines (CCP)
Museum under the directorship of its first curator Roberto Chabet (1937-2013). The first group of artists
gathered under this program Exhibited their works in 1970. In a document on the event, Chabet made a
critical Connection between the Thirteen Artists and the Philippine Modernists. Both Generations of
artists were viewed to have sought in their time the chance and risk To “restructure, re-strengthen and
renew art making and art thinking…that lend Viability to Philippine art.” Since then, the award would be
given to deserving Recipients without regularity or pattern, and always subject to constant revision. This
partly explains the interesting texture of the roster.

Ateneo Art Awards

Since 2004, Ateneo Art Awards have been given to Filipino Visual artists below the age of 36 for
outstanding work in an Exhibition held between 2 May of the previous year and 1 May of the current
year. The recognition honors Fernando Zóbel de Ayala (1924 – 1984), the founding benefactor of The
museum, who supported emerging Filipino visual artists And whose critical eye left an indelible mark in
Philippine art History.

Competitions

Metrobank Art & Design Excellence (MADE)

Created in 1984, then known as the Metrobank Annual Painting Competition, the Competition was
foreseen as an instrument that would engage the youth in a Positive endeavor amidst the economic and
political chaos that the Philippines was In at that time.In 1996, the Competition was renamed to Young
Painters‟ Annual or YPA to help Reflect the expanding interventions of MBFI in the arts. In 2004, the
Young Painters‟ Annual expanded its intervention to Sculpture, Architecture, and Interior Design. With
this came its new name, the Metrobank Art and Design Excellence or MADE. Under this re-launched
program also came new partnerships with the United Architects of the Philippines and the Philippine
Institute of Interior Designers who will help oversee the rigors of the Competitions in Architecture and
Interior Design, respectively.

Shell National Students Art Competition

Shell takes pride in showing to the whole country how the Brilliance of life is portrayed through the
hands of young Filipino artists. In its 48 years, the highlights of the Shell National Students Art
Competition have included, among Others: Juvenal Sanso (1951); Jose Joya (1952); Federico Aguilar
Alcuaz (1954); Ang Kiukok (1955); Angelito Antonio (1958); Norma Belleza (1961); Benedicto Cabrera
(1962); Alfredo Liongoren (1963); Luis Yee Jr. (1969); Nestor Vinluan (1971); Ronald Ventura (1990);
and Alfredo Esquillo (1991)

Vision Petron National Student Art Competition

Everyone‟s Vision Petron is an exhibition and competition for all young and Budding artists. Petron
believes that free artistic expression remains intrinsic to Nation-building. Petron supports the Filipino
artist‟s unique vision and dynamic Translations of Philippine culture through various forms of art that
draw fellow Filipinos closer to their heritage and ultimately, to everyone.