AgRO-BOTix

Bhuvanesh Kumar S[1] (sbkbhuvaneshkumar@gmail.com), Balapriyadarshini B[2],

Anitha Devi M[3], Manoj M[4], under guidance of
Assistant Prof. ECE Department Mr.A.Bernard Rayappa [5]
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
Jansons Institute of Technology
Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract: This paper is to develop a robot monitoring, weeding, seeding, fertilizer,
capable of performing operations like automatic irrigation. But in this project functions included
planting, seeding, watering, fertilization and are soil based applications of Seeding, Fertilizer,
harvesting. The dimensions and distance of each Planting, Harvester and Irrigation. The purpose of
plant or seed is given manually. The main this project is to design, minimize the labour of
component here is the Arduino MEGA that farmers in addition to increasing the speed of the
supervises the entire process. At the present time, work as well as increase the yield of agriculture.
robots are increasingly being integrated into A robot which performs automatic operation, this
working tasks to replace humans especially to is useful for the humans. In this project, it is
perform repetitive task. A bot is designed to shown that the farm cultivation process in
perform functions like seeding, planting, autonomous agriculture system which is
watering, harvesting, spraying pesticides(if controlled by ARDUINO. The technique of seed
required) in the fields. Different modes of operation in sowing is based on row per column
operations are provided by the bot which are depending on the types of cultivation. The
obtained as input from the user. irrigation process slowly applies water to the
sown seeds of the farming plot. In fertilization
Keywords: Arduino MEGA, Planting, Seeding, process, fertilizer is sprayed on all the plants. The
Watering, Fertilization, Harvesting, Soil sensor. harvester is designed to efficiently harvest a
variety of grain crops .Planter is used to plants the
I. INTRODUCTION
sapling using plant mover and plant holder.
The main aim of agricultural robotics
II. EXISTING SYSTEM
is apply robotics technologies on the field of
agriculture as well as the agricultural challenges
to develop new techniques. Nowadays, no one can The current technology prevailing in the
end up the day without using any kind of field of agriculture, accounts a huge number of
embedded system products. It makes our human demerits. Even though some of the machines
life very robust and makes work comfortable. The availing in compact and cost ineffective form,
21st century is said to be century of creation, they usually encounter manual operation and they
progress, globalization and so much else, but the are not fully automated. This demerit occurs due
second side too, that is nothing but 21st century is to the usage of different machines for different
century of the population, global warming, stages in agriculture. Also the user will not be
drought and cloud burst also helpless health able to monitor all these machines from a remote
factors! Automation in agricultural robotics area. Thus, the complex design and manual
system has been developed to implement a operation of these machines remarks a major
number of agricultural productions in many disadvantage.
countries. Such as picking, harvesting,

FIG: BLOCK DIAGRAM OF EXISTING
SYSTEM
III. PROPOSED SYSTEM
This paper aims in overcoming the
demerits that are prevailing in real time
modernization of agriculture. In this system
AgRO-BOTix is a robot designed for agricultural
purpose. The robot can be autonomous and can
perform variety of tasks with great accuracy.
FIG: AgRO-BOTix BLOCK DIAGRAM
A. Plant control: This switch is used for manual
Plant control. If the key is pressed then only
planting operation is done automatically.
B. Seed Control: This switch is used for manual
Seed Control. If the key is pressed then only
seeding operation is done automatically.
C. Harvester control: This switch is used for
manual Harvest control. If the key is pressed then
only harvesting operation is done automatically.
D. Fertilizer Control: This switch is used for
manual Fertilizer feed Control. If the key is
pressed then only fertilizer operation is done
automatically.
E. Water Control: This switch is used for
manual Water feed Control. If the key is pressed
then only watering operation is done
automatically.
F. Start / Stop Control: This switch is used to
Start or Stop the project operation.
G. ARDUINO MEGA board: The Arduino
Mega2560 can be powered via the USB
connection or with an external power supply. The
power source is selected automatically. External
(non-USB) power can come either from an AC-
to-DC adapter (wall-wart) or battery. The adapter
can be connected by plugging a 2.1mm center-
positive plug into the board's power jack. Leads
from a battery can be inserted in the Gnd and Vin
pin headers of the POWER connector. The board
can operate on an external supply of 6 to 20 volts.
If supplied with less than 7V, however, the 5V pin
may supply less than five volts and the board may
be unstable. If using more than 12V, the voltage
regulator may overheat and damage the board.
The recommended range is 7 to 12 volts. The
Mega2560 differs from all preceding boards in
that it does not use the FTDI USB-to-serial driver
chip. Instead, it features the Atmega8U2
programmed as a USB-to-serial converter.
H. Motor Driver: Motor driver specially used to
drive the DC motors. In our project motors are
used to control the motors in the required
direction.
The design of this bot is simple, cost effective and
is available in compact size. This bot combines
the function of various machines like plough,
seeder, planter, fertilizer, pesticider, harvester and
watering function system .
III. WORKING
PLANTER FUNCTION
When the planter mode is selected the
distance between each saplings are obtained as
input. Once the saplings are placed in the plant
holder each plant is dropped in ploughed soil
using plant mover. Here, the plant mover drops
single plant at each hole and it is verified using an
sensor. The plant holder in inclined in order to
have a continuous flow of plants through the ends
of the holder arms.
SEEDER FUNCTION
When seeder mode is selected the
distance between each seed is obtained as input.
The seeder operation starts to perform once the
seed socket is filled with seeds. The seeds fall into
the hole with the aid of hole coincidence of two
plates (i.e., socket mover).At seed socket one
plate is fixed and another one is movable. From
the sockets the seed carrier is fixed with
inclination for placing the falling seed into the
ploughed hole. The PVC pipe is used as seed
carrier and a sensor is mounted on the upper
surface to check the falling seed periodically. The
height of the seed socket is 30cm from the chase
of the bot. The seed holder can hold about 2kgs of
corn seeds (varies with different seed types).
FERTILIZER FUNCTION
The fertilizer function is similar to that of
seeder function, but the difference is it can be
used along with planter as well as seeder mode
operations. The fertilizer mode is defined by the
user whether the mode is to be enabled or
disabled. Fertilizer requirement varies with
different types of crops, so the fertilizer mode is
optional. Fertilizer falling is performed with
socket mover and sensor detects the fall of
fertilizer in the inclined carrier. Fertilizer will be
dropped 2 inches away from plant or seed because
the crop will be decayed when the root undergoes
direct contact with the fertilizer.
WATERING FUNCTION
Crops need water to grow. We use a
water tank along with immersible water pump to
moisturise the soil until the farmer irrigates the
crop. Since the bot is automated it can plant or
seed during any time in a day, to avoid decay of
plant or seed during hot sun (when it is performed
during noon) the watering function is used. It is
also user defined and varies depending on crops.
OBSTACLE AVOIDANCE & SOIL
LEVELLER
Obstacle avoider is used to remove small
obstacles in front of bot in the field. Soil leveller
is used to level the ploughed soil when planter or
seeder operations are performed. Soil leveller
provides a gap between two arms for excluding
the plant while levelling the soil. Ultrasonic
sensors are used to detected huge obstacles and
also obstacles from longer distances.
HARVESTER FUNCTION
 automatically. The GSM is used to intimate the
In AgRO-BOTix, a simple motorized status of the bot periodically to the user. For
harvester (cutter) with single dc motor is used to power consumption purpose use renewable
perform the function of cutting the crop. This is (Solar) energy. The bot moves efficiently across
placed at the front side of the robot .In this the field by performing respective operations,
harvester tool dc motor is attached with a roller specified by the user.
like structure to rotate the roller that cut the crop
very fastly blades are also attached in this roller. INPUT CONDITION OUTPUT
A further modification with advance features can Start ON System initiated
be implemented with hardware changes. working
condition.
Seeder ON Seeding is
IV. FLOWCHART mode carried out with
equal spacing in
all rows.
l Planter ON Planting is
mode carried out with
equal spacing in
all rows.
Harvester ON Harvesting is
mode employed for
cultivation,once
the crops are
grown.
Stop ON System is at halt.

VI. ADVANTAGES

 Smaller in size.
 Time consumption.
 No wastage of water.
 Increased production.
 Less manpower is required.
 Row to row spacing can be adjusted by the
user

VII. APPLICATIONS

V. RESULT Farmland

The overall project is controlled by using
ARDUINO MEGA- 2560 R3. The robot operates
on automated mode when the dimensions of the
field are provided along with the distance between
each plant or seed to be placed in the field. When
the inputs are given, then all operations like
seeding, planting, watering, fertilization,
harvesting and spraying pesticides are performed
 In farm AgRO-BOTix is used for seeding,
planting with equal distances between each
sead or plant in the farming plot, watered and
fertilizer is sprayed on all the plants.
 Some crops need fertilizers, when the seed
germinates and the plant begins to grow.
 Harvesting is used if the crops are grown.
Dryland Farming
 Dryland farming and dryfarming are
agriculture techniques for non-irrigated
cultivation of
 The AgRO-BOTix aids in farming techniques
on drylands.
VIII. CONCLUSION
This project is mainly based on
minimizing man power as well as cost of the
equipment. The robot can be with open source
system instead of normal robotic car. Automation
is needed such as industry, bio-medical, survey
line etc. Especially in agriculture field for
increasing yield of crops. Flexibility of
automation system is high than traditional system.
The advantage of this system reduce the labour
cost, and time. The major aim of this system is to
reduce the labour cost, and time. In this project a
robot is built and established to carry out
automatic seeding, planting, fertilizing, watering
in an agriculture field. The functioning of the
robot is performed by renewable energy like solar
energy. It is expected that the robot will support
the farmers in improving the efficiency of
operations in their farms. It can help the farmers
in the initial stage of agriculture.
IX. FUTURE SCOPE
Apart from seeding, planting, watering,
fertilization and harvesting, fruit picking, weed
mapping, crop scouting, monitoring etc. can also
be implemented in this robot. And one or more
system can be, implemented with monitoring
through the image processing, voice control
system and IOT system. It also includes robotic
weeding, micro spraying, robotic irrigation.
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