SWIMMING FUNDAMENTALS

MODULE 2.1
 ***Swimming Pool***
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swimming_pool

A  swimming pool,  swimming

bath,  wading pool,  paddling pool,
or simply  pool, is a structure
designed to hold water to
enable  swimming  or other leisure
activities. Pools can be built into the
ground (in-ground pools) or built
above ground (as a freestanding
construction or as part of a building
or other larger structure), and may
be found as a feature aboard ocean-
liners and cruise ships.
 swimming pool…
In-ground pools are most
commonly constructed from
materials such as  concrete,
natural stone, metal, plastic,
or  fiberglass, and can be of a
custom size and shape or
built to a standardized size,
t h e l a r g e s t o f wh i ch i s
the  Olympic-size swimming
pool.
 swimming
pool…

Pools as a feature in hotels are more common in tourist areas or

near convention centers. Educational facilities such as high schools
and universities sometimes have pools for physical education
classes, recreational activities, leisure, and competitive athletics
such as swimming teams.  Hot tubs  and  spas  are pools filled with
water that is heated and then used for relaxation or hydrotherapy.
 swimming
pool…

Specially designed swimming pools are also used

for  diving, water sports, and  physical therapy, as well
as for the training of  lifeguards  and  astronauts.
Swimming pools most commonly use chlorinated
water or salt water and may be heated or unheated.
***Parts of a Swimming Pool***
Parts of a Swimming Pool
 ***Pool Gutters***
https://blog.chloramineconsulting.com/pool-gutter-vs-
skimmer

Gutter pools are the ideal for high-

use  commercial pools, and those with
competitive swimming. And not all pool
gutters are created equal. Most gutters are
just concrete collection troughs where
water overflows and gets returned back to
the pump room; others are more fancy,
like  stainless steel recirculating gutter.
Recirculating gutters not only collect
surface water and channel it to the pump
room, they have an isolated chamber to
pump return water back into the pool. This
eliminates the need for floor or in-wall
returns.
 ***Pool Gutters***
https://blog.chloramineconsulting.com/pool-gutter-vs-skimmer

The concept of a gutter is simple: capture surface water around the entire
perimeter of the pool. Water flows over the lip of the gutter and into the
trough on the other side, which leads it toward one or more collection
points. These collection points channel the water into large pipes that take
water and air into a below-ground surge tank. The pump then draws water
from the surge tank (or "surge pit") and pumps it through the filtration system.
***Pool Skimmer***
Pool Skimmer
***Starting Blocks in swimming***

Starting Blocks in
swimming, a
raised platform
mounted at the
end of a pool from
which swimmers
begins a race.
***Back stroke grip/Backstroke starting ledge***
 ***Lane Track***

- found at the bottom of the pool or the pool floor

which guides the swimmer during stroke execution;
normally terminate at the T-MARK
***Floating Lane Dividers***
Whether a swimmer is
in training or swimming
a race, the straighter
they are able to swim,
the harder and faster
they can push
themselves. This is when
floating lane dividers
become an essential
addition to a swimming
pool.
***Floating Lane Dividers***
The primary function of lane
dividers is to let swimmers know
where they are in the pool to
avoid collisions. Lane dividers
usually have two colors on them.
Th e s e a l t e r n a t e a t r e g u l a r
intervals, giving swimmers a good
idea of how far they have gone.
At the 15 or 25 meter mark, the
lane dividers will change to a
solid color which signals the end
of the pool is approaching, which
helps swimmers to prepare for a
turn or the end of a race.
***Floating Lane Dividers***
The lane divider guides not
only keep swimmers in
their own lane by helping
them identify where they
are going but by swimming
within the lane dividers,
swimmers are also less
affected by the resistance
caused by other swimmers,
thus offering each
swimming a higher chance
of success.
 ***Backstroke Flaglets***

Swimmers use backstroke flags in a number of ways. In general,

the colorful flags help swimmers easily detect where they are in
the pool. Swimmers also use flags to determine their stroke count,
which is how many strokes it takes to swim from swim flags to the
pool wall. Over time, this helps the swimmers perfect their
finishes and turns.
 Backstroke Flaglets…

Backstroke flags are also essential for safety reasons.

Because they help swimmers decipher where they are in
the water, they keep those swimmers from hitting the wall.
Swimmers can easily see the distance between themselves
and the end of the swim lane, which prevents injury.
 Different Types of
Officials in Competitive
Swimming
Different Types of Officials in Competitive Swimming
Referee
Referee
 ***Referee***

the single most important officiating role in competitive swimming, the referee
has full control. He or she is responsible for enforcing the rules, settling
disputes between coaches and other officials and calling swimmers to their
respective blocks. When the referee is preparing to start the swim, he or she
will blow a short whistle blast to tell swimmers to stand next to their blocks.
The referee will then blow a longer whistle blast to tell swimmers to
stand on their blocks.
Starter
Starter
 ***Starter***

Responsible for sending swimmers off the block and

making sure each swimmer leaves on time. If a swimmer
jumps early, the starter may penalize him or her for a
false start. The starter controls the swimmers from the
time the referee turns them over to when the race begins.
Time Keepers
time keepers
 ***Time Keeper***

as the name suggests, timekeepers are responsible for

recording the time of the swimmer(s) in his or her
respective name. There are typically two timekeepers
for each lane, each of which uses a stopwatch to
record swimmers' times.
Inspector of Turns / Turn Judge
Inspector of Turns / Turn Judge
 ***Turn Judge***

observes swimmers during the start, finish, and turns, ensuring they
follow all rules and regulations. There are two inspector of turns used
in most competitive swims: one at the front-end of the pool and
another at the rear. If a swimmer makes a violation during a turn, the
inspector of turns must create a “disqualification report” for the chief
inspector of turns, who then hands the report to the referee.
Stroke Judge
stroke judge
 ***Stroke Judge***

responsible for observing swimmers' style to ensure

they are using proper technique. Judges of stroke
may also assist inspector of turns during the start and
finish.
Finish Judge
Finish judge
 ***Finish Judge***

identifies which order swimmers finish, and that

swimmers finish using the correct style (e.g.
competitive backstroke swimmers must finish on
their back).