Vistas Gr4 Work Book Answer Key

Chapter 1
Worksheet 1
d
Lt
A. Choose the correct options.
t.
1. second
Pv
2. Afghanistan
es
3. 7516
ic
rv
4. Kanyakumari
5. Goa
Se
n
6. Bhopal
tio
7. north
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8. The Northern Mountains

u
Ed
9. Andaman and Nicobar Islands

a
10. Asia
di
In
11. New Delhi

n
so
B. State whether the following statements are true or false.

ar
Pe
1. False (six)
2. False (east)
©
3. False (Rajasthan)
4. True
5. False (Meghalaya)
© Pearson India Education Service Pvt. Ltd. .

Chapter 1
6. True
7. False (China)
d
Lt
C. Complete the sentences.
t.
1. mountains, plateaus, plains, deserts and islands
Pv
2. southern part of the continent of Asia
es
3. Sri Lanka and Maldives
ic
rv
4. Myanmar and Bangladesh
Se
n
Worksheet 2
tio
ca
A. Answer these questions in brief.

u
Ed
1. The mountains in the north and north eastern parts of India protect us from
extreme cold winds.
a
di
2. The southern part of India is called a peninsula as it is surrounded by water on

three sides.
In
n
3. India’s long coastline includes the Lakshadweep and Andaman and Nicobar
so
Islands.
ar
4. Indira Point in Andaman and Nicobar Islands is the southernmost point of the
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Indian union.
©

Chapter 1
B. Answer these questions in detail.
1. The union territories of India and their capitals are listed below:
Union territory Capital
d
Lt
Andaman & Nicobar Islands Port Blair
t.
Lakshadweep Kavaratti
Pv
Puducherry Puducherry
es
Daman & Diu Daman
ic
rv
Dadra & Nagar Haveli Silvassa
Chandigarh
Se
Chandigarh
n
Delhi New Delhi
tio
Jammu and Kashmir Jammu(Summer)

u ca
Srinagar(Winter)
Ed
Ladakh Leh
a
2. India has nine union territories. They are:

di
In
a. Andaman and Nicobar Islands; b. Lakshadweep; c. Puducherry, d. Daman and

Diu; e. Dadra and Nagar Haveli; f. Chandigarh; g. Delhi, h. Ladakh, i. Jammu and
n
so
Kashmir
ar
Pe
3. The neighbours of India include Afghanistan and Pakistan in the north-west,

China, Bhutan and Nepal in the north, Myanmar and Bangladesh in the east and Sri
©
Lanka and Maldives in the south.
C. Differentiate between:
1. A plateau is a flat land which is higher than the land around it whereas a
peninsula is an area of land that is surrounded by water on three sides.

Chapter 1
2. A state has its own government which rules it whereas a union territory is a
region that is ruled directly by the central government.
d
3. An area of land surrounded on all sides by water is called an island whereas an
Lt
area of land that is covered with sand, has little water and experiences very dry
t.
climate is called a desert.
Pv
es
ic
rv
Se
n
tio
u ca
Ed
a
di
In
n
so
ar
Pe
©

Chapter 2
Worksheet 1
d
Lt
1. pass
t.
Pv
2. 8125
es
3. K2
ic
4. Himachal
rv
Se
5. Shiwaliks
6. 1984
n
tio
7. valley
ca
8. 17
u
Ed
9. Greater Himalayas
10. Mussoorie
a
di
11. monsoon
In
n
so

ar
1. False (Shiwalik)
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2. True
©
3.True
4. False (summer)
5. False (Middle)
© Pearson India Education Service Pvt. Ltd

Chapter 2
6. False (there is wildlife)
7. True
d
Lt
t.
1. agricultural purposes
Pv
2. south of the Greater Himalayas
es
3. move across mountains
ic
rv
4. keekar, sal, teak and babool
Se
n
Worksheet 2
tio
ca

u
Ed
1. The Himalayas comprise three parallel ranges called the Greater Himalayas or
Himadri, Middle Himalayas or Himachal and Outer Himalayas or Shiwalik.
a
di
2. The rivers Ganga and Yamuna originate from the Gangotri and Yamunotri
glaciers, respectively.
In
n
3. The forests in the Northern Mountains provide us with timber, medicines and
so
other forest products.

ar
4. Yak and musk deer are found in the Northern Mountains.

Pe
©

Chapter 2
1. Several rivers originating in the Northern Mountains provide us with water for
different purposes, such as provision of clean drinking water, navigation and irrigation.
d
Through the dams built on them it is also possible to generate electricity.
Lt
2. The natural vegetation of the Middle Himalayas consists of pine, oak, poplar,
t.
walnut, spruce, fir, cypress, juniper and birch. This region also boasts of many
Pv
orchards where apples, plums, peaches, pears, cherries and almonds are grown.
es
3. The forests in the Middle Himalayan Range are home to tigers, leopards,
rhinoceros and different types of deer. Hyenas, jackals, elephants and tigers can be
ic
found in the forests of the Shiwalik range.
rv
Se
n
tio
1. A route through a mountain range is called a pass whereas glaciers are slow-
ca
moving rivers of ice.

u
2. A valley is a low lying area between two hills or mountains whereas the foothills
Ed
of the Himalayas are called the tarai.

a
3. The highest point of a mountain is called a peak whereas teak is a kind of a tree
di
which is found in the forest areas of the Outer Himalayas.

In
Video Worksheet Answer

n
so
A.
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1. The Himalayas cover an area of around 2,400km.

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2. The Greater Himalayan region which is covered with snow throughout the
year, is home to many glaciers. These glaciers melt down to form some
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important rivers of India, such as the Ganga, Yamuna and Brahmaputra.
3. Dalhousie, Shimla, Nainital, Mussoorie, Manali and Darjeeling are some

famous hill stations.

Chapter 3
Worksheet 1
d
Lt
t.
1.Jahangir
Pv
2. apple
es
3. Lake Wular
ic
rv
4. Sikkim
Se
5. Meghalaya n
6. cricket
tio
7. kangri
ca
8. Himachal Pradesh
u
Ed
9. goat
a
10. Gulmarg
di
In
11. Uttarakhand
n
so

ar
Pe
1. False (Scotland of the east)
2. True
©
3. True
4. True
5. False (Shimla)
© Pearson India Education Service Pvt. Ltd.

Chapter 3
6. False (Orchid plantation)
7. False (Tea gardens)
d
Lt
t.
Pv
1. handicraft made from cane and bamboo
2. forests of bamboo and teak
es
ic
3. Indus, Tawi, Ravi and Chenab
rv
4. eighteenth century Pahari miniature painting
Se
n
Worksheet 2
tio
ca

u
Ed
1. Jammu and Kashmir has two capitals — Srinagar is the capital in summer
months and Jammu is the capital in winter months.
a
di
2. Jute, sugarcane, oilseeds and fruits like guavas and pineapples are grown in
In
Tripura.
n
3. Farming and fishing are the main occupations of the people of Nagaland.
so
4. Himachal Pradesh is located in the Northern Mountains, south of the state of

ar
Jammu and Kashmir.

Pe
©

Chapter 3
1. Agriculture is the main occupation of the people of Mizoram. They grow rice,
maize, mustard and cotton. Fruits like oranges, bananas and pineapples are also
d
grown here.
Lt
2. Mussoorie, Nainital and Ranikhet are some of the famous hill stations of
t.
Uttarakhand. The famous pilgrimage centres of the state are Gangotri, Yamunotri,
Pv
Badrinath and Kedarnath. Hemkund Sahib is in Uttarakhand. Thus Uttarakhand has
some of the most beautiful hill stations and sacred religious sites in India.
es
ic
3. The people of Jammu and Kashmir like to eat rice, rajma, meat and fish. They
rv
drink a special tea called kahwa eat a special sweet called Phirni. some
of the famous dishes of the state include rogan josh, gustaba, rista and yakhni.
Se
n
tio
ca
1. Cholas are loose coats worn by men in Himachal Pradesh whereas phirans are
u
long and loose woollen coats worn by both men and women in Jammu and Kashmir.
Ed
2. Baku is the long skirt worn by women in Sikkim whereas jhoom is the name
given to the shifting cultivation practised by people in Arunachal Pradesh.
a
di
3. Bhutia is one of the three major communities of Sikkim whereas Pahari is a

In
language spoken in the northern mountains.

n
so
ar
Pe
©

Chapter 4
Worksheet 1
d
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1. very fertile
t.
2. Indus
Pv
3. Jhelum
es
4. Gangotri
ic
rv
5. Brahmaputra
6 Jamuna
Se
n
7. Tsangpo
tio
8. Brahmaputra
ca
9. Indus
u
Ed
10. south
a
11. three
di
In
n

so
1. True
ar
Pe
2. True
3. False (Punjab and Haryana)

©
4. True
5. False (Ganga and Brahmaputra Basins)

Chapter 4
6. False (densely populated)
7. True
d
Lt
t.
1. water for irrigation
Pv
2. Punjab in the west to Assam in the east
es
3. wheat, cotton, barley, maize, rice, oilseeds, millets and sugar cane
ic
rv
4. minerals, rocks and silt
Se
n
tio
Worksheet 2
u ca

Ed
1. The Brahmaputra Basin covers the states of Assam and Tripura.

a
di
2. The Northern Plains are extremely fertile. They produce large quantities of food
In
crops. This is why they are the ‘food bowl of India’.

n
3. A basin is an area watered by a river and its tributaries.

so
4. River Ganga meets the River Yamuna at Allahabad. This place is known as
ar
sangam.
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©
1. Many factories have come up along the banks of the rivers of the Northern
Plains. They throw their waste in these rivers. This has made water of these rivers
unfit for drinking and irrigation. Various projects for cleaning these rivers, like the
Ganga Action Plan, have been taken up.

Chapter 4
2. Brahmaputra originates in Tibet, where it is known as Tsangpo. It enters India
from Arunachal Pradesh, passes through Assam and merges into the Bay of Bengal.
3. The Indus Basin is created by Indus and its tributaries like Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi,
d
Beas and Satluj. A huge part of this basin lies in Pakistan. In India, the Indus Basin
Lt
covers the states of Punjab and Haryana, both of which are drained mainly by the
River Satluj. The Bhakra Nangal Dam has been built on the River Satluj. The main
t.
Pv
crops grown in Punjab and Haryana are wheat, cotton, barley, maize, rice, oilseeds,
millets and sugar cane.
es
ic
rv
Se
1. A tributary is a smaller river that flows and merges into a bigger river whereas a
basin is an area watered by a river and its tributaries.
n
tio
2. River Brahmaputra originates in Tibet and forms the Brahmaputra basin in the
states of Assam and Tripura whereas the River Ganga originates in the Gangotri
ca
glacier and forms the Ganga Basin in the states of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West
u
Bengal.
Ed
3. River Jhelum is a tributary of the River Indus whereas River Padma is that
a
branch of River Ganga that enters Bangladesh.

di
In

n
so
A.
1. The River Ganga originates from the Gangotri glacier in the Greater Himalayas.
ar
Pe
2. Yamuna, Gandak, Gomti, Ghagra, Soma and Betwa are some of the tributaries of
Ganga.
©
3. At the end of its course, the river splits into various small channels,
forming the world’s largest delta, called the Sunderbans.

Chapter 56
Worksheet 1
d
Lt
1. tussar silk
t.
2. brassware
Pv
3. Ganga
es
4. Durgapur
ic
rv
5. Nalanda
6. Faridabad
Se
n
7. Ganga and Yamuna
tio
8. Sikandra
u ca
9. marble
Ed
10. Uttar Pradesh

a
11. Punjab
di
In
n

so
1. True
ar
Pe
2. False (Gurgaon)
3. True
©
4. False (West Bengal)
5. True

Chapter 56
6. True
7. False (Satluj)
d
Lt
t.
Pv
1. eastern Ganga Basin
2. agriculture and dairy farming
es
ic
3. Satluj, Ravi and Beas
rv
4. salwar, kurta, kameez and dupatta
Se
n
tio
Worksheet 2
u ca

Ed
1. Men in West Bengal wear dhoti and kurta while women wear sarees.
a
di
2. Bodh Gaya is an important place for the Buddhists because Gautam Buddha is
In
believed to have attained enlightenment here.

n
3. The main occupations of the people of Bihar are farming and cattle rearing.
so
4. The main canals in Haryana are the Western Yamuna Canal and Bhakra Canal
ar
system.
Pe
©
1. There are many industries in Assam. These include oil refineries at Digboi,
petrochemical and fertiliser at Namrup and chemical factories at Guwahati. Other
important industries of the state are sugar mills, jute mills and silk processing
factories.
Chapter 56
2. Delhi is surrounded by Uttar Pradesh on one side and Haryana on the other three
sides. The River Yamuna flows through here and its capital is New Delhi. New Delhi
d
is also the capital of India. Delhi has many places of tourist interest like Jama
Lt
Masjid, Red Fort, Qutub Minar and Purana Qila. Important landmarks like
Rashtrapati Bhavan, Parliament House, Raj Ghat and India Gate are also located in
t.
Pv
Delhi.
3. The important places of tourist interest in Punjab are the Golden Temple,
es
Jallianwala Bagh, Lakshmi Narain Mandir and Sheesh Mahal.
ic
rv
Se
C. Differentiate between: n
1. Bhangra is the popular dance form of men in Punjab whereas gidda is the dance
tio
form of women of the state.

ca
2. Sandesh is a dessert which is popular in West Bengal whereas tussar is a kind of

u
silk that Bihar is famous for.

Ed
3. Nalanda is one of the oldest centres of learning located in Bihar whereas Victoria
Memorial is a monument built in the honour of Queen Victoria and is located in
a
di
West Bengal.
In
n
so
ar
Pe
©

Chapter 6
Worksheet 1
A. Choose the correct options
1. Jaisalmer
d
Lt
2. south
t.
3. Rajasthan
Pv
4. 40
es
5. luxury train
ic
rv
6. east
7. music
Se
n
8. Kathak
tio
9. wells and tanks

u ca
10. Thorny
Ed
bushes
11. southern
a
di
In

n
1. True
so
2. False (it is mainly covered by

ar
desert)
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3. True
©
4. False (extreme climate)
5. True
6. True
7. True
Chapter 6
1. Ghoomar and Kalbeliya
2. very hot summers and very cold winters
d
Lt
3. Due to scanty rainfall
t.
4. irrigate their lands
Pv
es
Worksheet 2
ic
rv
Se
1. Rajasthan suffers from shortage of water because it experiences very less

n
rainfall.
tio
ca
2. The main occupations of the people living in the desert are agriculture and
rearing animals such as sheep, goats and camels.
u
Ed
3. The sand in the desert heats up very fast and cools down faster. So the days are
very hot and nights are cold.
a
di
4. About seventy per cent of Rajasthan is covered by Thar Desert.

In
5. The common dresses worn by the women are saree-choli and ghaghra choli with
n
odhni.
so
ar
Pe
1. Desert animals have light coloured fur, which keep them cool.
©
2. The Western Desert is covered with sand dunes and sand hills. These dunes and
hills keep on shifting from one place to another due to the strong winds blowing in
these areas.

Chapter 6
3. In the desert areas of Rajasthan, traditional village huts are called jhumpas. In
the villages, people live in huts made with straws and thin wooden sticks. For most
of the houses, the main construction material used for the outer walls is unbaked
bricks.
d
Lt
4. The Western Desert is a large, dry region in the north-western part of the Indian
subcontinent. It is also known as the Great Indian Desert or the Thar Desert.
t.
Pv
5. The Ghoomar and Kalbeliya are the folk dances of Rajasthan. The Jaipur
gharana is known for the classical dance form, Kathak.
es
ic
C. DIfferentiate between:
rv
1. Jhumpas are village huts while ghoomar is a dance form.
Se
2. Jharokhas are a type of wooden craft while bandhani is tye and dye
textile.
n
tio

ca
A.
u
1. Due to the shortage of food and water, people keep moving from place to
Ed
place in some parts of the desert. Such people are called nomads or banjaras.
a
2. The natural vegetation includes thorny bushes, herbs and shrubs that do not
di
need much water to survive. Cactus plants are a common sight here.
In
3. Snakes, scorpions and camels are some of the animals found in the
n
deserts.
so
ar
Pe
©

Chapter 7
Worksheet 1
d
Lt
1. minerals
t.
Pv
2. Godavari
3. red
es
ic
4. Bay of Bengal
rv
5. Aravalli hills
6. triangular Se
n
tio
7. black and red soil

ca
8. Leopards
u
9. Kanyakumari
Ed
10. highland
a
di
11. north-eastern
In
n
so

ar
1. True
Pe
2. False (Eastern Ghats)

©
3. False (Narmada)
4. True
5. False (June to October)

Chapter 7
6. True
7. False (Perennial)
d
Lt
t.
Pv
1. a highland which is flat at the top
2. most of the southern part of India
es
ic
3. upon rain for its water supply
rv
4. November till February
Se
n
tio
Worksheet 2
ca

u
Ed
1. The forests on the slopes of the Western Ghats have trees like rosewood,
mahogany, bamboo and ebony.
a
2. Rivers Narmada and Tapi originate in the Central Highlands and flow towards the
di
west.
In
n
3. Some of the famous hills of the Western Ghats are the Sahyadri, Nilgiri,
so
Annamalai and Cardamom hills.

ar
4. The two types of soils found in the Southern Plateaus are red soil and black soil.
Pe
©
1. Red soil is found in parts of Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Maharashtra and Madhya
Pradesh. Crops that can be grown in red soil are millets, potato, rice, wheat and
sugar cane.

Chapter 7
2. The wild animals found in the forests include elephant, sambhar, boar, deer,
leopard, spotted deer, nilgai, blackbuck, chausingha and sloth bear.
3. The Central Highlands include the Malwa Plateau and the Chota Nagpur Plateau.
d
The Malwa Plateau is surrounded by the Aravalli hills in the north-west and the
Lt
Vindhyas in the north. The Chota Nagpur Plateau, which is very rich in mineral
reserves, forms the northeastern part of Southern Plateau.
t.
Pv
es
ic
1. Black soil is found in some parts of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and
rv
Maharashtra. This soil is suitable for the cultivation of cotton, sugar cane,
Se
groundnuts, millets, oilseeds, rice and wheat.
n
Red soil is found in parts of Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Maharashtra and Madhya
tio
Pradesh. Crops that can be grown here are millets, potato, rice, wheat and
sugarcane.
u ca
2. River Narmada originates in the Central Highlands where as River Krishna

Ed
originates in the Ghats. River Narmada flows in the west towards the Arabian Sea
whereas River Krishna flows into the Bay of Bengal.
a
di
3. The Deccan Plateau covers most of the southern part of India extending from
In
Satpura Hills to Kanyakumari in south. The Chhota Nagpur Plateau forms the north-
eastern part of Southern Plateau.
n
so
ar
Pe
©

Chapter 8
Worksheet 1
d
1. Tamil Nadu
Lt
2. Raipur
t.
Pv
3. Karnataka
4. Chhattisgarh
es
ic
5. Kolhapur
rv
6. Kanwar
7. dance Se
n
tio
8. Maharashtra
ca
9. Gwalior
u
10. diamond
Ed
11. Maharashtra
a
di
In

n
so
1. True
ar
2. False (Karnataka)
Pe
3. False (second most)

©
4. True
5. True
6. False (Madhya
Pradesh)
7. False (2000)
Chapter 8
1. sarees and blouses
2. hill station of Madhya Pradesh
d
Lt
3. jowar, rice, wheat, cotton and sugar cane
t.
Pv
4. Lavni, Tamasha and Koli
es
Worksheet 2
ic
rv
Se
1. Tamil Nadu lies in the southernmost part of India.
2. biryani, bagara baingan and mirchi ka salan
n
tio
3. The traditional dresses of men are dhoti and pheta (headdress). Women
wear choli and sari tucked between the legs.
ca
4. Yakshagana, Krishna Parijatha and Bhootha Aradhana are some of the dance forms
of the state.
u
Ed

a
1. Some of the famous monuments of Karnataka include Gol Gumbaz at Bijapur,

di
Mysore Palace at Mysore and Daria Daulat Bagh at Srirangapatna. Jog Falls and
In
Shivanasamudra Falls are the famous waterfalls of the state.

2. Many tribes such as Gonds, Bhils, Bhilals, Korkens and Kols live in this state. The
n
tribal people of Madhya Pradesh have a rich tradition of dance and music. Karma,
so
Muria and Kaksar are some of the popular tribal dances.

3. The traditional dress of men in Jharkhand is called bhagwan, which is a one-piece
ar
cloth. The men also wear kurta, pyjama, dhoti and shirts. The women generally
Pe
wear sari and blouse.

©
1. Salia is the dance form of the state Chattisgarh while lavani belongs to Maharastra.
2. Lugada is one of the traditional dresses of Madhya Pradesh while lungi is the
traditional dress of Karnataka.
3. Bhagoriya is the tribal festival of Madhya Pradesh while Bhaina is the tribal group of
Chhatisgarh.

Chapter 9
Worksheet 1
d
Lt
1. Lakshadweep
t.
Pv
2. Northern Circars
3. Nicobar islands
es
ic
4. seventeen
rv
5. Chennai
6. Andaman and Nicobar Se

n
Islands
tio
7. 120
ca
8. 730
u
Ed
9. Lagoons
a
10. Eastern Coastal Plain

di
11. Arabian
In
n
so

ar
1. False (Western Coastal Plain)

Pe
2. True
©
3. False (inhabited)
4. True
5. True

Chapter 9
6. True
7. True
d
Lt
t.
Pv
1. fertile, irrigated and heavily populated
2. in the Arabian Sea
es
ic
3. the Eastern Ghats and the Bay of Bengal
rv
4. islands, islets and rocks
Se
n
tio
Worksheet 2
ca

u
Ed
1. Rivers such as Tapi, Narmada, Mandovi and Zuari flow through the Western
Coastal Plains.
a
2. The Cellular Jail is famous because it housed many freedom fighters of India's
di
independence struggle during the colonial period.

In
n
3. The highest point is the Saddle Peak which is 730 m above the sea level.
so
4. The Eastern Coastal Plain stretches from West Bengal in the north to Tamil Nadu
ar
in the south.
Pe
©
1. Mumbai, Ernakulum, Thiruvananthapuram, Udupi and Vasco da Gama are the

important cities of the Western Coastal Plains.

Chapter 9
2. The Western Coastal Plain is a narrow strip of land lying between the Western
Ghats and the Arabian Sea. It extends from Gujarat in the north to Kerala in the
south. It ranges from 50 to 100 km in width.
d
3. The Cellular Jail, where Indian freedom fighters were sent as a punishment, is
Lt
located at Port Blair. The other cities include Nayagaon, Chouldari and Tusnabad.
t.
Pv
es
1. The Eastern Coastal Plain lies between the Eastern Ghats and the Bay of Bengal
ic
whereas the Western Coastal Plain lies between the Western Ghats and the Arabian
rv
Sea.
Se
2. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are located in the Bay of Bengal. They are a
n
group of 572 islands, islets and rocks.
tio
The Lakshadweep Islands lie in the Arabian Sea. It comprises ten inhabited islands,
ca
seventeen uninhabited islands and several islets and atolls.

u
Ed
3. An islet is a very small island whereas an atoll is a ring shaped coral reef.
a
di
In
n
so
ar
Pe
©

Chapter 10
Worksheet 1
d
Lt
1. nicobari
t.
Pv
2. Odisha
es
3. Gujarat
ic
4. Konark
rv
5. Puducherry
6. Mahanadi Se
n
tio
7. mundus
ca
8. boat
u
9. Lord Jagannath
Ed
10. Dwarka
a
di
11. manganese
In
n
so

ar
1. False (food item)

Pe
2. True
©
3. False (Kerala)
4. False (Andaman and Nicobar Islands)
5. True

Chapter 10
6. False (Odisha)
7. True
d
Lt
t.
Pv
1. kachi and thattam
2. Marathi, Gujarati and English
es
ic
3. union territory in western India
rv
4. north-western part of India
Se
n
tio
Worksheet 2
u ca
Ed

a
1. Sea food including a variety of fish, prawns, lobsters and crabs is the main diet
di
of the people of Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

In
2. Goa shares its borders with the states of Maharashtra and Karnataka.
n
so
3. The Chilika Lake, a famous lake of Asia, is located in Orissa.

ar
4. Puducherry is famous for Sri Aurobindo Ashram.

Pe
©
1. Paddy (rice) is the main food crop and is mostly cultivated in the Andaman group
of islands. Different kinds of fruits such as mango, sapota, orange, banana, papaya,
pineapple and some root crops are also grown on the islands.

Chapter 10
2. Gujarat has many textile industries and oil refineries. Mineral oil has been found
in Ankleshwar. Diamond cutting and petrochemical industries have been set up in
Surat. Dairy farming is an important industry in Gujarat.
d
3. Kerala is a beautiful state. It is also known as God’s own country. The world
Lt
famous Kovalam beach is located here. Anai Mudi in the Anamalai Hills in Kerala is
the highest peak in the Western Ghats. The state is famous for its temples like the
t.
Pv
Guruvayoor Temple and the Sabarimala Temple.
es
ic
rv
1. In Orissa, Ghumura is the popular folk dance, while chhau is a tribal martial
Se
dance form. n
2. Garba is a famous dance form of Gujarat whereas ghooghra is a special dish of
tio
the state.
ca
3. Calangute is a beach in Goa whereas Kovalam is a famous beach located in

u
Kerala.
Ed
a
di
In
n
so
ar
Pe
©

Chapter 11
Worksheet 1
d
Lt
1. Churu
t.
2. Ladakh
Pv
3. umbrellas
es
4. loo
ic
rv
5. longer
6. southern
Se
n
7. November
tio
8. eastern
u ca
9. gajar-ka-halwa
Ed
10. Rajasthan
a
11. winter
di
In
n

so
1. True
ar
Pe
2. False (Monsoon)
3. False (Summer)
©
4. True
5. True

Chapter 11
6. False (Till May)
7. True
d
Lt
t.
1. the climate of the region we are in
Pv
2. from June and continues till August
es
3. due to lack of water
ic
rv
4. winter, summer and monsoon
Se
n
tio
Worksheet 2
u ca
Ed
1. Agriculture in India is largely dependent on monsoons as rains help in irrigation.

a
di
2. Seasons are caused by the Earth being closer or farther away from the Sun.
In
3. Excessive rain leads to floods.

n
so
4. People in the mountains experience cold climate.

ar
Pe

©
1. A desert has a dry climate because a desert area receives very little or no
rainfall for a very long period of time.

Chapter 11
2. Climate plays a major role in our daily lives because our food habits, clothing and
lifestyle depend largely on it.
3. During winter, we wear woollen clothes like jackets, sweaters, scarves, shawls,
d
caps and gloves to keep ourselves warm. We like to drink hot soup, tea and coffee.
Lt
t.
Pv
C. Differentiate between them
1. Drought conditions occur when lack of rainfall leads to scarcity of water, while
es
floods occur when river water swells and submerges nearby land due to excessive
ic
rainfall.
rv
Se
2. Climate means weather conditions of a place over a considerably long period of
time. Weather, on the other hand, refers to atmospheric conditions prevalent in a
place over a short period of time.
n
tio
3. In winter the weather is cool or cold depending upon the place. There may even
ca
be snowfall in mountainous regions. In summer season the weather is hot and

humid or hot and dry. In India, winter starts in December and continues till
u
Ed
February while summer starts from March and continues till May.
a

di
In
A.
1. Environmentalists and research say that ice in the Polar Regions are melting away
n
so
at a higher pace. This is considered as a recent climatic change.

ar
2. The greenhouse effect causes the melting of ice in the Polar Regions.
Pe
3. The melting of snow and glaciers in the Polar Regions as well as on the
mountains leads to an increase in sea level.
©

Chapter 12
Worksheet 1
d
Lt
1. non-metallic
t.
Pv
2. Cotton
es
3. inexhaustible
ic
4. Maharashtra
rv
5. solar energy
6. medicine Se
n
tio
7. Copper
ca
8. black
u
9. crops
Ed
10. carefully
a
di
11. drinking
In
n
so

ar
1. True
Pe
2. True
©
3. True
4. False (inexhaustible)
5. True

Chapter 12
6. False (we do need)
7. True
d
Lt
t.
Pv
1. exhaustible and inexhaustible
2. iron, copper, manganese, zinc and gold
es
ic
3. renewed from time to time
rv
4. products using various natural resources
Se
n
tio
Worksheet 2
u ca
Ed
1. All natural resources are converted to different products of utility by the various
a
industries. For example, we use cotton for making cloth.

di
In
2. Wind energy is used to produce electricity.

n
3. Exhaustible resources are those which will be finished quickly if we do not use
so
them wisely.
ar
4. Water is used for bathing, cooking, washing, drinking and cleaning.

Pe
©
1. Solar energy is an important inexhaustible resource. We use solar energy to run

several equipments, like cookers and heaters.

Chapter 12
2. Minerals are very important for our progress. Our industries develop with the
help of minerals. Minerals can be of two categories—metallic and non-metallic.
Metallic minerals are iron, copper, manganese, zinc, gold, etc. Non-metallic
minerals are sand, clay, mica, limestone, etc.
d
Lt
3. We can save water by:
t.
a. Turning the tap off after use.
Pv
b. Collecting water and using it for our various purposes.
es
c. Fixing leakages in taps or pipes immediately.
ic
rv
Se
n
1. Natural resources like coal and petroleum which will exhaust, if not used wisely
tio
are called exhaustible resources whereas natural resources like air and sunlight that
ca
will never finish are called inexhaustible resources.

u
2. Natural resources are those that are nature’s gifts to us like soil, water and
Ed
sunlight whereas man-made resources are those which are made by man using
natural resources like electricity.
a
di
3. Metallic minerals are iron, copper, manganese, zinc, gold, etc. Non-metallic
In
minerals are sand, clay, mica, limestone, etc.

n
so
ar
Pe
©

Chapter 13
Worksheet 1
d
Lt
1. regur
t.
Pv
2. desert soil
es
3. Red soil
ic
4. sandy
rv
5. mountain soil
6. West Bengal Se
n
tio
7. humus
ca
8. dead leaves
u
9. laterite soil
Ed
10. gravel
a
di
In
n
so

ar
1. True
Pe
2. True
©
3. True
4. False (humus)
5. False (not allow)

Chapter 13
6. True
7. True
d
Lt
t.
Pv
1. the top layer of the Earth on which plants and trees grow
2. engaged in agriculture
es
ic
3. fine silt brought down by the rivers from the Northern Mountains
rv
4. retain moisture
Se
n
tio
Worksheet 2
ca

u
Ed
1. The top layer of the soil contains many minerals and in certain areas, humus.
This is why it is good for crops.
a
2. Desert soil is found in the Thar Desert of Rajasthan and in parts of Punjab,
di
Haryana and Gujarat.

In
n
3. Laterite soil is not very suitable for agriculture as it is made of clay and gravel.
so
4. Red soil has a high content of iron which gives it the red colour.
ar
Pe

©
1. The mountain soil is rich in humus. This helps in better growth of plants. In this
region, terrace farming is practised.
2. This soil is black in colour as it contains a very high percentage of humus. It is

rich in clay. This soil is fertile and is good for growing cotton, sugarcane and
groundnuts.
Chapter 13
3. Alluvial soil is found in the states of Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal,
Orissa, Assam and parts of Rajasthan.
d
Lt
t.
Pv
1. Cotton is a cash crop which is grown on black soil whereas jute, also known as
es
the golden fibre, is grown on alluvial soil.
ic
2. Mountain soil is found in the hilly areas of the states of Jammu and Kashmir,
rv
Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh, whereas desert soil
Se
is found in the Thar Desert of Rajasthan and in parts of Punjab, Haryana and
Gujarat. Mountain soil contains humus which helps in better growth of plants, while
n
desert soil is the least fertile of all soil types.
tio
3. Black soil contains a high percentage of humus whereas red soil contains a high
ca
percentage of iron. Black soil is fertile and suitable for growing cotton, sugar cane
u
and groundnuts. Red soil is infertile and fertilizers have to be added to grow crops
Ed
like millets and groundnuts.

a
di
In
n
so
ar
Pe
©

Chapter 14
Answers
Worksheet 1
d
Lt
1. monsoon forests
t.
Pv
2. Kerala
es
3. desert forests
ic
4. 500
rv
Se
5. tigers
6. low
n
tio
7. Assam
ca
8. medicines
u
Ed
9. once
10. short
a
di
11. coniferous forests

In
n
so

ar
1. True
Pe
2. True
©
3. False (Tiger and elephant)
4. True
5. True

Chapter 14
6. False (can survive)
7. False (Jharkhand)
d
Lt
t.
C. Match the following.
Pv
1. b; 2. c; 3. d; 4. a
es
ic
rv
Worksheet 2
A. Answer these questions in brief. Se
n
tio
1. The Chipko Movement was started in 1974 by Sunderlal Bahuguna.

ca
2. Sanctuaries and national parks are important because they not only provide a
home for animals but also prevent the killing of animals.
u
Ed
3. Sunderbans get their name from the sundari trees growing there.
a
4. The important trees found in the evergreen forests are rosewood, sandalwood,
di
bamboo, teak, ebony and mahogany.

In
n
so

ar
1. The tidal forests are found on the deltas along the coast. The trees of these
Pe
forests can survive in fresh as well as salty water of the sea. As the land where
mangrove trees grow is extremely marshy, the roots of these trees tend to come
©
out of the surface of the soil.

Chapter 14
2. The coniferous forests are found in the slopes of the Himalayas. They are also
found in Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Arunachal
Pradesh.
d
3. The thorn forests are also known as desert forests. The trees of these forests are
Lt
scattered, short and thorny. The thorn forests are found in areas that have very
less rainfall. In India, thorn forests are mainly found in Rajasthan and in parts of
t.
Gujarat and Punjab. Kikar, babul and date palm are commonly found trees in thorn
Pv
forests.
es
ic
rv
Se
1. Evergreen forests remain green throughout the year whereas the trees of the
deciduous forest shed their leaves annually.
n
tio
2. The scattered, short and thorny trees found in the desert areas form part of the
thorn forests whereas the coniferous forests are covered with tall, cone-shaped trees
ca
with needle-like leaves.

u
Ed

a
di
A.
1. In order to protect the rich and diverse wildlife of India, the government has set up
In
numerous national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.

n
so
2. National parks are large areas of land protected by the government for the
preservation of wildlife and forests. They offer proper conditions for the breeding
ar
and upbringing of the animals.

Pe
3. Wildlife sanctuaries are areas reserved for endangered animals.

©

Chapter 15
Worksheet 1
d
Lt
1. 22 March
t.
Pv
2. fresh
es
3. Satluj
ic
4. three
rv
5. Persian wheels
6. fishing Se
n
tio
7. electric pump
ca
8. Rajasthan
u
9. Uttarakhand
Ed
10. one
a
di
11. save
In
n
so

ar
1. True
Pe
2. False (under the ground)

©
3. False (from Persian well)
4. False (freshwater)
5. True

Chapter 15
6. True
7. True
d
Lt
t.
Pv
1. wasted as it is very precious
2. drinking, irrigation, gardening
es
ic
3. produce electricity
rv
4. water from rivers or dams to the fields
Se
n
tio
Worksheet 2
u ca
Ed
1. Stored rainwater is usually used in areas where there is a scarcity of water.

a
di
2. The Hirakud multipurpose river valley project is situated in Orissa.

In
3. A tubewell is a water well which has a tube or pipe fitted to the ground water
n
so
source.
ar
4. Most of the water found on the Earth is not fit for drinking because it is salty.
Pe
©
1. People in the villages dig wells to bring underground water to the surface so that
this water may be used for daily household activities.

Chapter 15
2. Oceans, seas, rivers, lakes and ponds are important water bodies on the Earth.
Water is also found beneath the surface of the Earth and is known as groundwater.
3. Rain is an important source of fresh water. The Indian farmers are dependent on
d
rain for irrigating their fields. However, rainfall occurs only for two to three months.
Lt
Also, certain areas get very heavy rain while others get comparatively less or no
rain at all.
t.
Pv
es
ic
1. In villages, people dig wells to bring underground water to the surface.
rv
Se
A tubewell is a water well which has a tube or pipe fitted to the ground water
source.
n
tio
2. A Persian wheel is a mechanical way of lifting water from open wells with the
help of animals whereas canals are small channels through which water from rivers
ca
or dams is diverted to the fields.

u
Ed
3. Hirakud Dam is located on the River Mahanadi in Orissa whereas Tehri Dam is
located on the River Bhagirathi in Uttarakhand.
a
di
In
n
so
ar
Pe
©

Chapter 16
Worksheet 1
d
Lt
1. mine
t.
Pv
2. metallic
es
3. Coal
ic
4. Petroleum
rv
5. Jharkhand
6. solar energy Se
n
tio
7. Aluminium
ca
8. both medicines and

u
paints
Ed
9. Iron ore
a
10. power
di
In
n
so

ar
1. True
Pe
2. True
©
3. True
4. True
5. False (millions of years)

Chapter 16
6. True
7. False (some minerals)
d
Lt
C. Match the following.
t.
Pv
1. d; 2. c; 3. b; 4. a
es
ic
Worksheet 2
rv
n
tio
1. The process of mining involves digging the Earth at certain places to take out the
ca
minerals.
u
2. Metallic minerals are so called because they contain metals. They are minerals
Ed
such as iron, copper, gold, silver and platinum.

a
3. Gold is used for making jewellery.

di
In
4. Petroleum is found in Gujarat, Assam and Maharashtra.

n
so

ar
Pe
1. Iron ore is used to make steel which is used to make machines, coaches,
bridges, dams and also utensils.
©
2. Minerals which do not contain metals are called non-metallic minerals. The
examples of non-metallic minerals include limestone, sand, coal and petroleum.
3. Petroleum is found deep inside the Earth and under the sea bed. It is used as
fuel in the form of petrol, diesel and cooking gas. It is also used for making
products like lubricants, plastic and cosmetics.

Chapter 16
1. Copper is used to make wires and pipes whereas gold is used to make jewellery.
d
Lt
2. Iron ore is used to make steel which in turn is used to make bridges and dams
t.
whereas coal is largely used as domestic fuel. Iron is a metallic mineral while coal is
Pv
non-metallic in nature.
es
3. The process of extracting minerals from the depths of the Earth is called mining
whereas the place or location where these minerals are dug out from is called a
ic
mine.
rv
Se
n
tio
u ca
Ed
a
di
In
n
so
ar
Pe
©

Chapter 17
Worksheet 1
d
Lt
1. Jute
t.
Pv
2. Karnataka
3. manure
es
ic
4. proteins
rv
5. Bullocks
6. 1965 Se
n
tio
7. corn
ca
8. Sugarcane
u
9. warm
Ed
10. deserts
a
di
In
n
so

ar
1. True
Pe
2. True
©
3. False (cool and moist climate)
4. False (it is a plantation crop)
5. False (food crop)

Chapter 17
6. True
7. True
d
Lt
t.
1. food crops and cash crops
Pv
2. provide us with wool
es
3. curd, butter, cheese and ghee
ic
rv
4. agricultural countries in the world
Se
n
tio
Worksheet 2
u ca
Ed
1. Jute is used for making carpets, mats, bags, ropes and gunny sacks.
a
di
2. Rice, one of the main crops of India, is grown in hot and humid climate.
In
3. Cotton is mostly grown in the states of Maharashtra and Karnataka.

n
so
4. Cash crops are mainly used as raw materials for industries.

ar
Pe

©
1. Some cash crops are grown on large scale in special farms called plantations.
These crops are called plantation crops. Examples include tea, coffee and rubber.

Chapter 17
2. Tea is mostly grown in the tea plantations of Assam, West Bengal and Kerala.
The tea gardens of Assam, which were established by the British, are famous all
over the world. The tea plantations in West Bengal are also well known.
d
3. Cereals or coarse grain like bajra, ragi and jowar are collectively called millets.
Lt
They are the staple food in large parts of village India. This crop is particularly
grown in the states of Karnataka, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya
t.
Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.
Pv
es
ic
rv
1. Rubber plants grow in hot and wet climate whereas oilseeds grow well in warm
Se
climate with moderate rainfall.
2. Food crops are mainly used as the staple diet of people whereas cash crops are
n
tio
mainly used as raw materials for industries.

ca
3. Cereals or coarse grain like bajra, ragi and jowar are collectively known as
millets whereas pulses include lentils (dals) like moong, masur, arhar and gram.
u
Ed

a
di
A.
In
1. Food crop and cash crop are the two types of crops grown in India.
n
2. Answer may vary.

so
Sample answer: Wheat and rice are two food crops and cotton and jute are two
ar
cash crops grown in India.

Pe
3. After independence, the government has taken many steps to promote

agriculture. The farmers now have access to high-yielding varieties of seeds,
©
manures, fertilisers, pesticides and modern machinery. The use of manures

and fertilisers have also increased the fertility of the soil. A number of dams
and canals have been constructed in order to provide better irrigation
facilities to the farmers. This progress in the field of agriculture is called the
‘Green Revolution’.

Chapter 18
Worksheet 1
d
Lt
1. raw materials and money
t.
Pv
2. automobile
es
3. information technology
ic
4. home-based
rv
Se
5. cottage
6. railway engines
n
tio
7. Pinjore
ca
8. Rourkela
u
Ed
9. Small-scale
10. Business Process Outsourcing

a
di
11. Hosiery
In
n
so

ar
1. True
Pe
2. False (diesel, petrol, coal, oil and electricity)

©
3. True
4. True
5. True

Chapter 18
6. False (Cottage industries)
7. False (Chennai, Bengaluru and Hyderabad)
d
Lt
t.
Pv
1. large, small and cottage
2. no industry can be set up
es
ic
3. are produced in industries
rv
4. cottage industries
Se
n
tio
Worksheet 2
u ca
Ed
1. Cottage industries do not need much investment.

a
di
2. Small-scale industries produce plastic goods, hosiery, utensils, fans, toys and
In
cycles.
n
so
3. All the industries run on power provided by various means like diesel, petrol,
coal, oil and electricity.
ar
Pe
4. The major centres of oil refineries are Guwahati, Barauni, Haldia and Mathura.
©

Chapter 18
1. An important industry related to Information Technology is the BPO or business

process outsourcing industry. This industry has come up in a big way in major towns
d
and cities like Gurgaon, Delhi, Bengaluru and Chandigarh.
Lt
2. Human resource is one of the most important aspects of any industry because
t.
the machines in industries need to be run by skilled workers.
Pv
3. Raw materials are the most important factors for the growth of any industry.
es
Without raw material, industries cannot produce anything. For example, if there is
ic
no cotton available, there will be no clothes for us to wear.
rv
Se
n
tio
1. Power refers to the means on which every industry runs. They include diesel,
petrol, coal, oil and electricity.
ca
Raw materials refer to that which is the minimum requirement for the manufacture
u
Ed
of any goods.
2. Large-scale industries refer to the industries that need huge amount of money to
a
establish and employ thousands of people while small-scale industries employ less
di
number of workers and are cheaper to establish and employ less number of
In
workers.
n
so
3. Handloom is a cottage industry which deals with making of textiles whereas IT

deals with computers and the related software and hardware and is an industry in
ar
itself.
Pe
©

Chapter 19
Worksheet 1
d
Lt
1. carts
t.
Pv
2. NH44
3. unmetalled
es
ic
4. 200
rv
5. Metro trains
6. New Delhi Se
n
tio
7. Air India
ca
8. Roadways
u
9. 1853
Ed
10. thirteen
a
di
11. tanker
In
n
so

ar
1. False
Pe
2. False (many international airports)

©
3. False (means the shipping route, including rivers, oceans, seas and lakes)
4. False (Kolkata and Delhi)
5. True

Chapter 19
6. False (Chennai)
7. True
d
Lt
t.
Pv
1. progress has been made in the construction of roads
2. of industries
es
ic
3. largest railway systems in the world
rv
4. made travelling easier
Se
n
tio
Worksheet 2
u ca
Ed
1. In the early days, humans travelled long distances on foot.

a
di
2. Shatabdi, Rajdhani and Duronto are some superfast trains of India.

In
3. Newspapers are important as they enable us to know what is happening

n
around the world. They keep us updated.

so
ar
4. People used to communicate using signs and drawing on the walls of the
caves.
Pe

©
1. The national highways connect important places in different states. There are
several national highways in India. For example, NH 1 (National Highway 1)
connects New Delhi to the town of Attari in Punjab.

Chapter 19
2. The Indian railway system is one of the largest railway systems in the world. The
trains carry a substantial amount of people from one place to another at the same
time. They are also known as the ‘lifeline of the country’.
d
3. Satellite communication is important for us to send out radio broadcasts and
Lt
view television programmes from all over the world. We receive live weather
reports and can view sports events as a result of this communication.
t.
Pv
es
ic
rv
Se
1. Superfast trains are those that run between the different states in India and help
us to reach our destinations faster. Local trains are those that run within a
n
particular city and are not as fast as superfast trains.
tio
2. SMS(Short Message Service) is used to send short text messages using mobile
ca
network while e-mails are like letters which can be sent to the other person using
u
Internet.
Ed
a
di
In
n
so
ar
Pe
©

Chapter 20
Worksheet 1
d
Lt
1. 21
2. Andhra Pradesh
t.
3. Ghoomar
Pv
4. Hindustani
5. Tansen
es
6. Ajanta
7. Kailash
ic
8. harvest
rv
9. Odisha
10. Delhi
Se
n
tio
1. true
ca
2. false (Assam)
3. false (southern)
u
4. true
Ed
5. true
6. false (folk dances)
a
7. true
di

1. classical and folk
In
2. Hindustani music and Carnatic music

n
3. life of Lord Buddha

so
4. effective communication
ar
Pe
©

Worksheet 2
d
Lt
1. The cave paintings of Bhimbetka in Madhya Pradesh give us an idea of
the lifestyle of the people of the Stone Age.
t.
2. Some famous schools of painting are Deccan, Malwa and Jaunpur.
Pv
3. Some traditional dresses of men in India are dhoti-kurta or lungi, kurta-
pyjama and a turban or cap.
es
4. Certain forms of classical dance were earlier performed before the kings
in their courts.
ic
rv
Se
1. The temples of India are a part of the rich architectural heritage of the
n
nation. Some of these temples have fine carvings on their walls like the Sun
tio
Temple at Konark, the temples at Khajuraho in Madhya Pradesh and Meenakshi

ca
Temple ofMadurai. The famous Kailash Temple at Ellora has been carved out of
a single
u
stone.
Ed
2. The sari is the most popular dress worn by the women of India. However, it
is worn in various styles in different regions. The other popular dress worn by
a
di
the women of northern India is salwar-kameez. Women in the western part

In
wear ghaghra-choli and women in the north-east wear long skirts with colourful
stripes.
n
3. Indian Classical music is based on a combination of raga and tala. Each raga
so
is sung at a particular time depending upon a specific season and occasion,

ar
while tala is the beat of music.

Pe
1. Thumri is a Hindustani classical music form whereas hikat is the folk dance of
©
Himachal Pradesh.
2. Raga Deepak could light diyas whereas raga Megh-Malhar could bring in rain.
3. Kuchipudi is the major classical dance of Andhra Pradesh whereas Kathak is the
classical dance form of Uttar Pradesh.

A.
1. There are two main forms of dance in India—folk dance and classical dance.
2. Answer may vary.
d
Sample answer: Bharatanatyam and Kathakali are two examples of classical
Lt
dances and Bhangra and Ghoomar are two examples of folk dances in India.
t.
Pv
3. Answer may vary.
Sample answer: Breakdancing and salsa are two new dance forms that have
es
gained popularity in India.
ic
rv
Se
n
tio
u ca
Ed
a
di
In
n
so
ar
Pe
©
Chapter 21
Worksheet 1
d
Lt
1. Home Minister
t.
2. Physics
Pv
3. A P J Abdul Kalam
4. actor
es
5. Lata Mangeshkar
6. Hima Das
ic
7. Amitabh Bachchan
rv
8. Cricketer
Se
n
1. False (Gujarat)
tio
2. False (Prime Minister)

3. True
ca
4. True
u
5. True
Ed
6. True

a
di
1. truth and non-violence

2. successful nuclear tests at Pokhran in Rajasthan
In
3. Star of the Millennium

n
4. the Bharat Ratna in 2001

so
5. wicket keepers, batsmen and captains in the world

ar
Pe
©

Chapter 21
d
Worksheet 2
Lt
t.
Pv
es
1. Raman Research Institute
ic
rv
2. 2011
Se
3. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, born in 1875, was one of the prominent figures of the
Indian politics.
n
tio
4. Indian Space Research Organisation

u ca
Ed

a
di
1. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, born in 1875, was one of the prominent figures of
the Indian politics. He was also known as the Iron Man of India. He was a
In
follower of Gandhiji and believed in truth and non-violence. He was the

n
first Home Minister of India after independence. He is remembered as a

so
man who united India. He took his last breath in 1950.

ar
2. Lata Mangeshkar is known as Melody Queen.

Pe
3. Mahendra Singh Dhoni is an Indian cricketer who was born in 1981 in Ranchi.
©
He is the one of the best wicket keeper batsmen and Captains in the world. The
Indian cricket team won ICC World Twenty 20 (2007), Asia Cup (2010, 2016),
ICC World Cup (2011) and 2013 ICC Champions Trophy under
his captaincy.

4. Hima Das is the first Indian sprint runner to win a Gold medal in 400 m at the
World U-20 Championships, Finland in 2018. She continued her fantastic run in
2019 by winning Gold in 200m race at Poznan Athletics Grand Prix and Kutno
Athletics Meet held in Poland. She again bagged a Gold at the Kladno Athletics Meet
d
and Tabor Athletic Meet, Czech Republic. She has been conferred with the
Lt
respected Arjuna Award (2018) by the President of India.
t.
Pv
5. He has been conferred with honorary civilian awards: Padam Shri, Padma
Bhushan and Padma Vibhushan.Amitabh Bachchan is also referred to as the Star of
the Millennium.
es
ic
rv
Se
n
tio
u ca
Ed
a
di
In
n
so
ar
Pe
©

Chapter 22
Worksheet 1
1. democratic
d
Lt
2. fundamental right
t.
Pv
3. court
4. national symbols
es
5. education
ic
rv
6. religion
7. India
Se
n
8. six
tio
ca
9. duties
u
10.fundamental duty
Ed
11.religions
a
di
In

n
so
1. False (26 January 1950)

ar
2. True
Pe
3. False (we must practise them)

©
4. True
5. False (fundamental right)

Chapter 22
6. True
7. True
d
Lt
1. The three goals laid down in the Constitution are democracy, socialism, and
t.
secularism.
Pv
2. Government should provide work opportunities to every citizen of the country.
es
3. We should preserve the rich cultural heritage and traditions of our country.
ic
rv
4. We must defend the country and its sovereignty.
Se
n
Worksheet 2
tio
ca

u
1. The day when the Constitution of India was adopted is celebrated as Republic Day.
Ed
2. Our Constitution clearly states that India is a sovereign democratic, socialist and
secular republic.
a
di
3. Socialism means all the citizens of India should enjoy social equality and economic
In
prosperity.
n
4. People who are legally recognised as belonging to a particular country are citizens.
so
ar
Pe
B. Answer the following questions in detail.
1. The Directive Principles of State Policy are guidelines to the Union and state
©
governments of India that are used when drawing up laws and policies. These
principles are listed in Part IV of the Constitution of India. They cannot be enforced

Chapter 22
in any court of law but are merely directives to be used to implement a just society.
They are meant to ensure the welfare of the citizens of the country.
2. The fundamental duties of every citizens of India are listed as follows:
d
Lt
(a) to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National
Flag and the National Anthem;
t.
Pv
(b) to cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for
freedom;
es
(c) to uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India;
ic
rv
(d) to defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so;
Se
(e) to promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the
people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional
n
tio
diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women;
ca
(f) to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture;
u
(g) to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers
Ed
and wild life, and to have compassion for living creatures;

a
(h) to develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform;
di
In
(i) to safeguard public property and to abjure violence;

n
(j) to strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so
so
that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavour and achievement.
ar
3. Secularism means that people in India have the freedom to follow and
Pe
practise any religion.

©

Chapter 22
4. Part IV A of the Constitution of India delineates eleven moral obligations that
must be followed by every citizen of India. These obligations foster a spirit of
patriotism and help uphold the sovereignty of this country. These obligations are
known as fundamental duties. Some of these are respecting the national symbols of
d
India, cherishing its heritage, preserving its culture and assisting in its defense,
Lt
developing scientific temper, abjuring violence and striving towards excellence in all
t.
spheres of life.
Pv
Part IV of the Constitution of India delineates guidelines to the Union and state
es
governments that can be used while framing and applying laws and processes.
They also act as a check on the government and help evaluate and measure its
ic
performance. They serve to put in place a welfare state by affirming social,
rv
economic and political justice.
Se
n
tio
u ca
Ed
a
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so
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Pe
©

Chapter 23
Worksheet 1
d
Lt
1. President
t.
Pv
2. Parliament
3. Upper
es
ic
4. three
rv
5. five
6. Prime Minister Se
n
tio
7. legislative
assembly
ca
8. New Delhi
u
Ed
9. state
a
10. courts
di
In

n
so
1. True
ar
2. True
Pe
3. False (President)
©
4. True
5. False (cities and towns)
6. False (five years)
©Pearson India Education Service Pvt. Ltd.

Chapter 23
1. governor, the chief minister and his council of

ministers
d
2. basic needs of the cities and towns
Lt
3. make and enforce laws for a country
t.
Pv
4. needs of the people of the villages.
es
ic
Worksheet 2
rv
n
tio
1. The local government takes care of the local administration of cities and villages.
ca
2. The state government is responsible for the governance of each state of the
u
Indian union.
Ed
3. The chief minister is the head of the administration of a state.

a
di
In

n
so
1. Justice in our country is dispensed by the various courts. There are small courts
in every district known as district courts. Above them are the high courts which are
ar
the highest courts at the state level. The Supreme Court of India in Delhi is the
Pe
highest court of justice in our nation.

©
2. The main jobs of these bodies are keeping an area clean, construction of roads
and schools and making arrangements for water and electricity among others.
3. The union government is also known as central government. It governs the

entire country and enacts laws for the whole country and implements them.

Chapter 23
1. The courts that operate in the districts are known as district courts whereas high
courts operate at the state level and are thereby a notch higher than the district
d
courts.
Lt
2. The prime minister is the head of the union government and the chief minister is
t.
the head of the administration of the state.
Pv
3. The Lok Sabha is the lower house while the Rajya Sabha is the upper house of the
es
parliament. The members of the Lok Sabha are elected by the people of India
ic
whereas the members of the Rajya Sabha are elected by the members of the state
rv
legislative assembly. The Lok Sabha comprises 552 members while the Rajya Sabha
has 250 members. Lok Sabha members are elected for five years while members of
Rajya Sabha are elected for six years.
Se
n
tio
u ca
Ed
a
di
In
n
so
ar
Pe
©

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Chapter 1

8. The Northern Mountains

9. Andaman and Nicobar Islands

11. New Delhi

B. State whether the following statements are true or false.

© Pearson India Education Service Pvt. Ltd. .

A. Answer these questions in brief.

2. The southern part of India is called a peninsula as it is surrounded by water on

© Pearson India Education Service Pvt. Ltd. .

Union territory Capital

Jammu and Kashmir Jammu(Summer)

2. India has nine union territories. They are:

a. Andaman and Nicobar Islands; b. Lakshadweep; c. Puducherry, d. Daman and

3. The neighbours of India include Afghanistan and Pakistan in the north-west,

Lanka and Maldives in the south.

© Pearson India Education Service Pvt. Ltd. .

© Pearson India Education Service Pvt. Ltd. .

B. State whether the following statements are true or false.

© Pearson India Education Service Pvt. Ltd

A. Answer these questions in brief.

other forest products.

4. Yak and musk deer are found in the Northern Mountains.

© Pearson India Education Service Pvt. Ltd

moving rivers of ice.

of the Himalayas are called the tarai.

which is found in the forest areas of the Outer Himalayas.

Video Worksheet Answer

1. The Himalayas cover an area of around 2,400km.

important rivers of India, such as the Ganga, Yamuna and Brahmaputra.

3. Dalhousie, Shimla, Nainital, Mussoorie, Manali and Darjeeling are some

© Pearson India Education Service Pvt. Ltd

B. State whether the following statements are true or false.

1. False (Scotland of the east)

© Pearson India Education Service Pvt. Ltd.

7. False (Tea gardens)

2. forests of bamboo and teak

A. Answer these questions in brief.

4. Himachal Pradesh is located in the Northern Mountains, south of the state of

Jammu and Kashmir.

© Pearson India Education Service Pvt. Ltd.

3. Bhutia is one of the three major communities of Sikkim whereas Pahari is a

language spoken in the northern mountains.

© Pearson India Education Service Pvt. Ltd.

A. Choose the correct options.

B. State whether the following statements are true or false.

3. False (Punjab and Haryana)

5. False (Ganga and Brahmaputra Basins)

© Pearson India Education Service Pvt. Ltd

A. Answer these questions in brief.

1. The Brahmaputra Basin covers the states of Assam and Tripura.

crops. This is why they are the ‘food bowl of India’.

3. A basin is an area watered by a river and its tributaries.

B. Answer these questions in detail.

© Pearson India Education Service Pvt. Ltd

branch of River Ganga that enters Bangladesh.

Video Worksheet Answer

© Pearson India Education Service Pvt. Ltd

A. Choose the correct options.

10. Uttar Pradesh